Brett Schaefer And Steven Groves

Crimes against the international community are a collection of offences that are recognised by the international community as being of universal concern. However the prosecution of crimes against the international community can be controversial. Such crimes may be committed in the context of military conflict. They may be highly politically motivated, or they may have been ordered or committed by the state itself. The establishment of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in 2002 was a significant development in the law of crimes against the international community. The independent international court established by the Rome Statute, acts as a last resort for crimes fitting into the three categories of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Due to Australia’s Dualistic system, both the War crimes Act

Ronald McNair was born on October 21st 1950 in South Carolina. McNair graduated a University in North Carolina around 1971. After graduating from that college he went on to study at Institute of Technology in Massachusetts, he graduated from there in 1976. What is significant about McNair is he was the second African American to be launched into space. In his career he logged more than 191 hours of flight time. Another crew member who was part of the Challenger’s final mission was Dick Scobee. Scobee was born in 1939 in Washington. Scobee had been a part of many other mission in the past. His first mission was in the April of 1984. In his career Scobee achieved more than 7,000 hours of flying a variety of different aircraft.

Most people may have a different opinion about which person defines art the best. Tim O'Brien's definition of art and literature is more compelling than Plato's and Oscar Wild's. O'Brien makes several convincing arguments. He explains to us what a "true story" is from his own experiences in the Vietnam war.

After reviewing the just war theory in relation to the war in Iraq, it is assessed the Iraq war did not meet the requirements for the Iraq war. Michael Walzer stated that, ‘the Iraq war was an unnecessary war and unnecessary wars are also unjust wars’ (Religion and Ethics news weekly, 2009, Online). As a result, the Iraq war did not have a plausible cause or authorisation for intervention. Due to the failure to assess whether Iraq did conceal WMD, Weapons inspector David Kay argues that, ‘If you cannot rely on good, accurate intelligence’ then ‘you can have a policy of pre-emption’ (Hinnebusch, 2007, P.24). As a result, Iraq has become a case of ‘imperial overreach’ (Hinnebusch, 2007, P.24). Kay argues the US is able to bypass the UN authorisation by enforcing an imminent attack. As a result, political and military manipulation can indicate that the US can withhold extensive powers. For that reason, there has been a growing concern for accountable in terms for enforcing warfare. In particular, due to the nationwide protest against the Iraq war, political accountability has became an important factor in the democratic process. The government did not have support from the people. This implies that democracy can be questioned. For that reason, the public can hold a governmental official to account by changing them in the next general election. Furthermore, the International criminal court ‘establishes to help end impunity for the perpetrators of the most

The United States’ decision to not join the ICC is largely contested today; however, many may be unaware that though its role is currently vehemently debated, the United States was once instrumental in the creation of the Court. Even prior to World War I, the United States was a proponent of international courts, as well as was the creator of many standards of global law now incorporated into the Rome Statute that created the International Criminal Court. Among these contributions are, “Inclusion in the jurisdiction of the Court of crimes committed during internal armed conflicts, and the drafting of a supplemental code explaining the precise actions and intent that must be proved for each of the crimes in the Statute…” (AMICC

Over the last decade, the idea of the Security Council going under reform has caused much of a debate. Academics have been questioning whether the Security Council has been fulfilling its duties and obligations under Article 24 of the Charter of the United Nations . Another question, which arises frequently, is whether it is accountable and legitimate. The combinations of these effectively show whether the Security Council is fit for purpose in the 21st Century.

To support my argument, I will first discuss the evolution of international criminal justice and the ICC. Then I will address my three subsidiary arguments. First, I will argue that the International Criminal Court is effective because it increases accountability of human rights violators. Secondly, I will argue that the existence and use of the court increases disapproval and deterrence which protects human rights making the ICC effective. Third, I will argue that the International Criminal Court is effective because it allows for a universal standard of acceptable and unacceptable behaviour as well as transcends and empowers national jurisdictions. Finally, I will address the counter argument and conclude.

Although it might sound like a good idea from the start, the entire system violates basic human rights. The Constitution guarantees us, Americans, legal protections and with the ICC involved, we would be denied these protections. Such as, no guarantee of due process, no jury or right to a speedy trial, and no protection from double jeopardy. Joining the ICC can be detrimental to the reputation of the U.S and to be a reliable government if the President or someone of higher power were to be prosecuted by the ICC. The system is also ineffective, without trial or prosecution how can one prove if the offender is guilty or not? What if the person being charged for the crime wasn't guilty and the criminal is free to pursue any other heinous crimes

The general understanding of democracy is that it is a state of leadership where citizens of a country participate equally either directly or by representative individuals in the establishment of laws, which run the society. However, like many other forms of leadership, democracy has its cons and may not give the citizens the necessary freedoms that they think they have. Different philosophers have different insights on democracy in terms of concepts such as liberty, which they embraced. This paper will look at Benjamin Barber and Joseph Schumpeter’s idea of democracy contrasting their definition in terms of citizenship, obligation, rights and duties of each individual in the society declaring whose idea of democracy creates a compelling vision (Terchek & Conte, 2001).

A person that behaves in a way that is not genuine is a actor. Each actor portrays their character in a way that is so believable that they make the audience feel that is how they act after the curtain closes. RENT’s actors had to pull out inner insecurities to portray the characters, and succeed at being very convincing. Characters Angel Schunard and Tom Collins had to probably be the toughest characters to portray, but they both created a relationship on stage that was very convincing and heartfelt. The actors of Angel Schunard and Tom Collins were Nick Brown and Clyde Moser, their characters were in a relationship and they both had AIDs. Angel Schunard was drag that had a bubbly personality no matter what he/she was going through. Nick Brown

A principal with the Altany Loynd & Lindquist insurance agency in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Bryan Gusmar oversees the acquisition and management of various commercial and personal client insurance accounts. He also handles a range of business and administrative functions such as developing company financial plans and directing employee benefits programs. Before joining Altany Loynd & Lindquist in 2007, Bryan Gusmar served six years as a senior information systems consultant with the Philadelphia’s Travelers Insurance Company. His duties with Travelers revolved around the management of all office digital systems and devices from computer servers and workstations to company laptops, printers, and different types of multimedia equipment.

In July of 2002, when the Rome Statute of the ICC entered into force, it was a major step towards the realization of the old dream of universal and lasting, if not perpetual peace ( Delmas-Marty, 01)1. In fact, ICC represented one of the most significant opportunities the world has had to prevent or drastically reduce the deaths and devastation caused by conflicts (iccnow, 2012) 2. Unfortunately, as Delmas-Marty in ‘Ambiguities and Lacunae’ pointed out, the court is faced with ambiguities that arise in the relationship between its legal and political substructures (Delmas-Marty, 01)1. In essence, the court’s foundation is weakened by policies that are still dominated by a sovereign model, despite operating principally within a universalist

Despite sufficient groundwork for the ICC laid out through the Rome Statute and amended to include aggression in Kenya in 2006-2007, the ICC in many nation’s eyes has been a failure. The first elected chief prosecutor, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, an Argentine lawyer has been widely criticized for his continuous failures and this disappointment has led to reluctance of the states. When the ICC was established through the Rome Statute it became evident that the role of the chief prosecutor would be essential to the court’s success, and in many ways the successes of the court would mirror the successes of the prosecutor. This analysis has become accurate, only to the negativity of the court. Moreno-Ocampo’s failures are directly linked to the failures

However, this argument uncovers the issue of whether international law could actually constrain the U.S. if, perhaps, ISIS was a legal sovereign. The idea that international law essentially cannot exist is supported by objections presented by H.L.A Hart.

     Over the past few years, the International Criminal Court (ICC or “the Court”) has been igniting controversy the world over. As more countries rallied behind it, more objections have been made, particularly from Americans, regarding what many view as fundamental flaws. I have chosen two papers to compare and contrast the different viewpoints taken by the authors when reflecting upon America’s involvement with the ICC. One calls for total rejection of the ICC, the other weighs the risks and benefits and calls for revision but acceptance.