a) Describe the general purpose of the statement of comprehensive income. In addition, explain the terms income and expenses as defined by the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting.
According to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), an entity shall present its total comprehensive income for an accounting period either in a single statement or two statements where all items of income and expenses recognized in that particular accounting period are presented however for two statements, except those that are recognized in total comprehensive income outside of profit or loss as permitted or required by IFRS.
The comprehensive income is a statement inclusive of all income and expenses including revenue, profit and
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Losses include those resulting from natural disasters and disposal of non-current assets. Losses by definition also include unrealized losses like effects of increases in the exchange rate for a foreign currency from borrowings so when losses are recognized in the income statements, they would usually be displayed distinctly as knowledge of them is useful for purpose of making economic decisions and are often reported net of related income.
b) Describe the general purpose of the statement of financial position. In addition, explain the terms asset, liability and equity as defined by the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting.
The financial position is a statement also known as balance sheet, presents the financial position of an entity at a given date – i.e. as at 31st December 2013. It consists of three main components; assets, liabilities and equity. The statement of financial position facilitates users in assessing the financial soundness of an entity in terms of liquidity risk, financial risk, credit risk and business risk. When used in conjunction with other financial statements of the entity and its competitors, balance sheet may help to identify relationships and trends which are indicative of potential problems or areas for further improvements. Analysis of the statement of financial position could
Other comprehensive income definition: Revenues, expenses, gains, and losses that under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) are included in comprehensive income but excluded from net income.
The main purpose of the financial statements is to provide creditors and investors with a summary of a business financial activity. All statements are prepared at certain times throughout the year. The balance sheet reports liabilities, assets, and owner equity of the company. The income statement matches incurred expenses during a period of generated revenue. The statement of retained earnings reports retained earnings from net loss and net incomes from
An income statement, also known as a profit and loss statement shows how much money a company has spent over a period of time. It also shows the costs and expenses that are associated with earning that revenue. It is an important measure of the company’s profitability. The simple building blocks of a net income formula are revenues minus expenses equal net income.
Why is it necessary to use comparative balance sheets, a current income statement, and certain transaction data in preparing a statement of cash flows?
Understanding the finances of a company is important but knowing the significance of the financial statements is crucial to the operations as well. Reviewing the statement of financial position, operating statement and statement of cash flows serve as a guidance to management and executives on the day-to-day activities of an organization (Finkler et al., 2013). For example, the statement of financial position (balance sheet) shows the assets and
For each of the items listed below, indicate how it should be treated in the financial statements. Use the following letter code for your selections:
Financial statement users around the globe use financial statements to evaluate the performance of companies (Fundamentals of Financial Accounting, 2006). In order to locate a company’s reported assets, liabilities, expenses and revenues, statement users rely on four types of financial statements. The four financial statements include: Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Statement of Retained Earnings, and Statement of Cash Flows (Fundamentals of Financial Accounting, 2006, p. 6). Each of these reports provides different information to the financial statement user. The Balance Sheet reports at a point in time: a company’s assets (what it owns), liabilities (what it owes) and
The statement of financial position and the balance sheet is statement that reviews the assets, liabilities, and equities that a business is holding at a particular moment in time. These elements: assets, liabilities, and equities; allows the reader of the financial statement to be able to identify what the company owns, owes, and has invested into the company.
The income statement (IS) also known as the profit & loss statement provides the net gain or net loss of a business entity. The importance of the income statement is to evaluate profitability of a company (Finkler, Jones, and Koyner, 2013). The best use of the IS,
The building blocks of financial statement analysis include: Liquidity and Efficiency, Solvency, Profitability, Market Prospects.
Financial statements depict a picture of the financial well-being of a business and are used for financial performance analysis (Nelson, 1942; Stichler, 2008). First, the statement of financial position consists the assets that are owned by the HCO, the liabilities that the HCO has to the outsiders, and a portion of the HCO’s assets that belong to its owners (Finkler et al., 2013). It is a balance sheet indicating what the HCO has and what the HCO owes at a specific
The “financial statements are formal reports providing information on a company's financial position, cash inflows and outflows, and the results of operations” (Hermanson, p.22). There are four main components that make up a financial statement. The four parts are, balance sheet, income statements, cash flow and, statement of owner’s equity. The balance sheets role is to define the company’s assets liabilities and revenue of the business. The income statement shows the income within the company. Cash flow reviews the position of the company by cash payments and receipts. Lastly, the statement of owner’s equity shows the amount of earnings, stock and other capitals of people in the company. (Hermanson, p.34-35).
The net income on the income statement is used on the equity section for the balance sheet. When the net income increases of decreases because of revenue or expenses this carries over to the balance sheet under the equity section and reflects those fluctuations. This helps to give a better
The financial statements are very useful to all this group of user. Explain each of them;
This income statement tells how much money a company has brought in (its revenues) how much it has spent (its expenses) and the difference between the two (its profit). The income statement show’s a company’s revenues and expenses over a specific time frame. This statement