Brief Summary And Analysis

When humans undergo traumatic events that threaten their safety and wellbeing, they may become vulnerable to nightmares, fear, excessive anxiety, depression, and trembling. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychological illness that results from the occurrence of a “terribly frightening, life-threatening, or otherwise unsafe experience” (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), 2012). This condition often leads to unbearable stress and anxiety. PTSD is significantly prevalent as indicated by data from the National Co-morbidity Survey which shows that at a particular time in their lives, 7.8% of 5, 877 adults in America suffered from PTSD (Andrew & Bisson, 2009). In the general population, the lifetime prevalence is estimated at 8%,

Spitalnick, Josh. Difede, JoAnn. Rizzo, Albert. O. Rothbaum, Barbara. “Emerging treatments for PTSD” Clinical Psychology Review, Volume 29, Issue 8, December 2009, Pages 715-726, ISSN 0272-7358, Web. 21 April 2016

Foa and her colleagues (2011) created prolonged Exposure (PE) for clients trying to overcome with PTSD that is based on the emotional processing therapy (Foa, 2011). PE treatment plan includes collecting of information associated to both the traumatic experience and the trauma survivor's responses to it, the teaching of breathing retraining techniques, education, the re-experiencing of the trauma in imagination, and in vivo exposure (Foa, 2011). When compared with CPT, PE is a 10-session treatment (60-90 minutes) that is centered on both in-vivo and imaginal exposure to the trauma memory and ensuing adaptation. PE reports that repetitive stimulation of the trauma memory allows the clients to integrate new, counteractive information about themself and their world. Additionally, homework assignments in PE allow the client to face safe situations, which were formerly resolute to be threatening based upon inaccurate post-traumatic beliefs (Foa,

In the United States (US) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects 8 out of every 100 persons (United States Department of Veterans Affairs [USDVA], 2015). In which account for about 8 million people that include the military veterans (USDVA, 2015). About 10% of women and 4% of men will develop PTSD during some course of their lives (USDVA, 2015). Veterans are more susceptible to PTSD due to longer exposures to trauma, danger, or witness a violent life threaten incidence during their military service periods (USDVA, 2015). The development of PTSD becomes chronic after no longer seeing or under the “fight-or-flight“ experiences causing a psychological and/ or mental breakdown (National Institutes of Health [NIH], n.d). Such

The results showed that there is a relationship between time spent doing breathing-based meditation and decrease in PTSD symptoms, but this doesn’t account for all other factors that could effect lowered PTSD symptoms during the study or how the men experienced the yoga. Therefore, this is a correlational study, not a causal experiment. It can probably be assumed that this therapy helps a variety of male veterans decrease their PTSD symptoms, but does not

When someone hears about Post Traumatic Stress disorder, they assume it only affects those in active duty or military veterans. However, it can affects those who have seen natural disasters, severe child abuse and horrible events. The national comorbidity survey replications did a survey on how many people in the US have PTSD they say, “(NCS-R), conducted between February 2001 and April 2003, comprised interviews of a nationally representative sample of 9,282 Americans aged 18 years and older. PTSD was assessed among 5,692 participants, using DSM-IV criteria. The NCS-R estimated the lifetime prevalence of PTSD among adult Americans to be 6.8% (1). Current past year PTSD prevalence was estimated at 3.5% (2).The lifetime prevalence of PTSD among men was 3.6% and among women was 9.7%.

The prevention of PTSD is a tricky area, because the trauma is not always assessed and treatment is not provided immediately after the event occurs. Research is continually examining methods and programs to prevent PTSD symptoms. A experimental program from NCIRE (Veterans Health Research Institute) goal was to prevent a pilot program to prevent PTSD symptoms from initially developing (Neylan, McCaslin-Rodrigo, & Choucroun, 2010). The Deployment Anxiety Reduction Training (DART) is one of the main focal point of reducing the initial stress reaction related to combat trauma, though stress is the normal reaction individuals have to life threatening situations and combat (Neylan et.al. 2010). PTSD symptoms are formed from the extreme stress of

Millions of people suffer from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and struggle to find an effective treatment option. Many people have the misconception that only our veterans have this condition but in actuality over 8% of the Unites States population have this mental illness. Researchers have been trying to study and determine what the best treatment options are. Patients can get confused and frustrated in trying to find a treatment that will fit their needs and gives them the best opportunity and chance of recovery. Research has indicated that drug therapy has limited results when used without therapy and may only treat symptoms (Wright 2013). Although many

The authors of this article wanted to do a research to address the problem of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in severe mental illness, the method use was a Trauma Recovery Group implemented at the Mental Health Center of Greater Manchester, which was a mixed gender cognitive behavioral program of 21 weeks which includes breathing retraining, education about PTSD, cognitive restructuring, coping with symptoms, and making a recovery plan. Treatment completers improved significantly in PTSD symptoms and diagnosis, depression, and post-traumatic cognitions, but dropouts did not (Mueser et al., 2007). The results support the feasibility of the Trauma Recovery Group program and suggest it produces clinical benefits for this population (people with PTSD) and helps the social workers to understand and intervene with this special population at a micro level.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is defined as “a condition that generates waves of anxiety, anger, aggression, depression and suspicion; threatens a person’s sense of self; and interferes with daily life functioning” (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle & Cheever, 2010, p. 99). As human beings, we are built with different type of emotions and feelings that can endanger us or benefit us. When faced with a traumatic life event, an individual will either overcome the event and become stronger from the experience or that event can hinder the person causing them to experience the signs and symptoms of PTSD. According to Carrion and Kletter (2012), (as cited in Gabbay, Oatis, Silva & Hirsch, 2004) “epidemiological studies indicate that

While the TM therapy was beneficial for the PTSD-diagnosed soldiers as indicated by the results, there are still limitation to consider. The limitations of these study include the small sample size and the short time frame in which the experiment was conducted. At the end of the experiment, only ten veterans had completed the study in the TM group and eight in the psychotherapy group. The short 3 month time period, however, indicates the results produced from TM showed a significant decrease in PTSD symptoms compared to normal therapy further revealing ™’s effectiveness. Hankey references to Irbarren’s study that PTSD is increasing with six to eight million people currently suffering from the disorder,

The Healthy Minds Through Therapy Project is a research project that will address the issues that are related to one form of psychiatric illness, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), which manifests during or after combat experience. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIH), there has been a rise in veterans with PSTD. PSTD is a serious public health concern, which compels the search for a design that will explain the entire situation or behavior, with the idea that it would eventually be a foreseeable and curable behavior. The research will deepen the comprehension of the condition and develop new and improved treatments. One form of treatment being used for PSTD is psychotherapy, with the specific treatment being known as Cognitive Behavioral

The proposed research question asks whether a combined prolonged exposure (PE) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT) approach is useful in treating veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The population of interest for this study is veterans with PTSD. The ideal study would include four groups: one to receive PE, one to receive CPT, one to receive both PE and CPT, and one that does not receive an intervention. The groups would consist of an equal 50/50 male to female ratio (half of the participants would be male, half would be female) to control for gender. The participants would be randomly selected, by a computerized program, based on information gathered about veterans with PTSD by the U.S. Department of Veteran’s Affairs offices in each of the 23 regions of the Veterans Integrated Service Networks (VISN). Once selected, the veterans will be randomly placed into one of the four aforementioned groups, and given the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI), a scale used to measure a person’s trauma related to their thoughts and beliefs to determine if they have PTSD or PTSD symptoms. After the participants baseline PTSD symptoms are measured, each group will receive their assigned intervention once a week for 15 weeks. After the intervention is complete the participant’s PTSD symptoms will again be measured using the PTCI scale at the one week and three month mark after treatment is completed. The control group will also be offered the combined PE and CPT

PTSD research is incredibly important, many Americans are affected by PTSD, so the research on how to help deal with and treat it is crucial. “An estimated 7.8 percent of Americans will experience PTSD at some point in their lives, with women twice as likely as men to develop PTSD. About 3.6 percent of U.S. adults aged 18 to 54 (5.2 million people) have PTSD during the course of a given year. This represents a small portion of those who have experienced at least one traumatic event; 60.7% of men and 51.2% of women reported at least one traumatic event” (The Nebraska Department of Veterans’ Affairs Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, 2007). 7.8% of Americans will experience PTSD in their lifetime, that’s 18.8 million people who

The study focused on eleven individuals, seven where screened but only five completed the trail. The individuals who ranged from 18 to 65 years of age, and suffered from PTSD for more than one year. The duration of the study lasted 12 weeks, this included an 8-week assessment and data collection. The individuals were taught the technique of TM, which took, on average, 60 to 90 minutes. The individuals were expected to practice at home for 20 mins twice per day. Subjects reported improvements in their sleep along with statements of feeling “more alive”, “happier”, “deeply rested”, “having more peace at life “, and “having a big weight lifted from my shoulders” (Rosenthal, Grosswald, Ross, & Rosenthal, 2011). TM has been effective in helping with symptoms of