Broken Windows Theory

Broken windows theory is a theory in which “foot patrol officers pay more attention to disorderly behavior and minor offenses than do motor patrol officers” (Police & Society, p.100). It related to foot patrol because as I stated in question 5, foot patrol officers come in contact with citizens more often that those who patrol in

Departments that practice this type of policing believe that being proactive with quality-of-life violations instead of reactive will bring down the rate of more serious crimes. For example, “in the 1990s broken windows theory was first initiated New York City by Police Commissioner

“There’s no evidence that the stop-and-frisk is lowering or suppressing homicide rates in NYC. Murders have dropped steadily in 1990,” says Chris Dunn, spokesperson for the NYCLU. He’s saying that stop and frisks have nothing to do with the drop in homicides, statistics show that in 2002 97,296 people were stopped and there were 587 homicides, the numbers in 2012 were 685,724 and 532. With almost a 600% increase in stops there is no reason that we should only have 55 less homicides. There is a reason though; police are stopping people simply because they’re a minority. Or perhaps it’s because they are wearing a hoodie in the summer or shorts in the winter, which is cause for reasonable suspicion. This leads to distrust for law

The “broken window” policy was used to put officers on foot patrol in community neighborhoods in order to prevent household crimes such as burglary and vandalism. This main goal for policing these neighborhoods, “was

An individual is a production of his or her environment and context and can their actions can be easily effected. The concept is brought up and examined in Malcolm Gladwell's book The Power of Context: The Rise and Fall of New York City Crime. The idea is shown in real examples in both Leslie Bell’s book Hard to Get: Twenty Something Women and the Paradox of Sexual Freedom and Jean Twenge An Army of One: Me. The concept that one is affected by his or her environment or context is a radical idea due to it going against the traditional concept that an individual is the product of their upbringing and past experiences. The Broken Windows Theory as stated in Gladwell's work gives an explanation as to why an individual can be a product of

“Stop and Frisk” is a program put into effect by the New York Police Department that basically grants an officer authority to stop and search a “suspicious character” if they deem him/her to be as such. They don’t need a warrant, or see you commit a crime. 5They simply need to deem you “suspicious” to violate your 4th amendment rights without repercussions. Since its inception, New York City’s stop and frisk program has drawn much controversy stemming from the disproportionate rate of arrest. While the argument that the program violates an

William Bratton, commissioner of the New York Police Department from 1994 to 1996, presided over a dramatic decline in the city’s crime rate. Hired by Mayor Rudolph Giuliani as part of a new crime fighting initiative, Bratton embraced the “broken windows” theory that had made him so successful as chief of the city’s transit police. According to this theory, when a community ignores small offenses such as a broken window on a parked car, larger offenses such as burglary, robbery, and assault inevitably follow. Conversely, serious crime can be prevented if a community polices the little

He supported his suggestion by claiming that stop-and-frisk “worked incredibly well ” in New York City to reduce crime rates. His claim is disturbing in light of evidence that stop-and-frisk procedures enable police officers to discriminate against minority groups. Experts also disagree with President Trumps’s assessment that stop-and-frisk procedures are responsible for declining crime rates . In 2015, William Bratton, who was responsible for implementing stop-and-frisk procedures in 1990, conceded that stop-and-frisk is “not a significant factor in the crime rate of [New York City] ”. Experts instead tied the decline in New York City’s crime rates to larger national and global trends . In fact, crime rates were already in decline before stop-and-frisk procedures were even implemented

Back than and up until now we still see an abundance of crime rate on the streets from illegal possession to murder. Ex mayor Michael Bloomberg has implemented a policy called Stop and Frisk in 2002. Some say it worked some say it doesn’t, from a ten-year period data shows that more then 5 million stops were made on young African American men who just made 1.9 percent of the city’s population according to New York Civil Liberties Union. Many politicians say it was a racial policy but it took weapons and drugs off the street. Stop and frisk was more proactive instead of reactive which means Acting before a situation becomes a source of confrontation. Research shows that crime has dropped drastically in 2002-Present since stop and frisk was implemented. Did it work? Many say no and blame the lead in our drinking water, which we will get into later. I believe Stop and Frisk didn’t lower crime to the effectiveness that we all would want it to work.

When George L. Kelling and James Q. Wilson first proclaimed the Broken Windows Theory, it states that maintaining an orderly environment law enforcement needs to enforce a “zero-tolerance” policy on disreputable people who commit small crimes like public drinking and vandalism, thereby ultimately prevent bigger crimes from occurring. In the mid 70’s Newark, New Jersey had implemented aspects of the Broken Windows Theory in order to improve the quality of community life. By having police officers patrolling the city on foot instead of driving, they hoped it will reduce crime rates. There was no difference in the way people committed crimes rather police are patrolling on foot or in vehicles (Cullen, 498-499).

But it is proclaimed that stopping people under what that particular officer thinks is reasonable suspicion is effective and brings down crime rate, when there’s no real evidence that it does make up the majority of crime going down and even if it does. Ask yourself this; should billions of citizens lose their rights, over a million deviants. We aren’t the ones that should be looked at as criminals because of what we might look like or where we live that’s racial profiling and discrimination.

The “Stop and Frisk” program is a program established in several large cities that gives the right to law enforcement officials to stop and frisk any person on the street with reasonable cause. This program has taken over 6,000 guns off the street in New York since 2004. If it were to be stopped crime rates would go up, simply because people would now be able to carry weapons or any other illegal items and cops cannot stop and search/frisk them without a warrant or without seeing the item. As for violent crime falling with the stop of “Stop and Frisk” I do not really see that happening. Criminals are going to feel like they can walk the streets without worrying that they could get randomly stopped.

The broken windows theory is a criminological theory that if a neighborhood looks rotten then the more trouble it welcomes. In 1982, George L. Kelling and James Q. Wilson released an article focusing on the importance of the disorder. This theory is strongly attached to the African- American community. An area that shows a low population of existences states that fear or crime related situations caused the massive egress of residents. The lack of people to care for a community results into buildings looking forgotten. Therefore, broken windows appearance is a great way for convicts to hide because no one would go near a place that comes into view as spine-chilling. In additions, this produces a high risk of anxiety for African -American males believe that any moment a police officer can stop, question, and frisk them out of anticipation.

Dr. Wilson and Dr. Kelling offer several benefits to police foot patrol and its application to broken windows theory and order maintenance. There are many points that resonates with me that are effective and ineffective about their work regarding broken windows theory and order maintenance.The broken window theory is a method that if minor crimes are just left unaddressed and nothing is done about it then, a situation for additional severe crime will be developed due this.

Disorders could also be of social such as the kinds of activities taking place in these neighborhoods. The Broken-windows theory creates a policy that suggests two key solutions when it comes to deteriorating crime. The first solution is by paying more attention to the minor crimes such as jaywalking and littering by making arrests to send out a message that these actions will not be done and tolerated. The second solution is a zero-tolerance