Bromocriptine Case Study

L.M. is a 75-year-old female who suffers from severe dementia and lives in a SNF. She was diagnosed with lung cancer in 2005 and as a result had a right upper and middle lobectomy. She also has a history of severe emphysema. L.M. has had several pneumonic infections and has an allergy to Pneumovax. She has a recurrent aspiration risk and received a tracheostomy and a PEG tube in January 2012.

Your dentist needs to know about any medications that you are taking. This includes inhalers. Certain medications can cause dry mouth. Dry mouth is a condition that can increase the risk of cavities and bad breath. The more medications you take, the more likely you are to develop dry mouth.

Some of the acute side effects of diphenhydramine are dry eyes, day-time drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, or constipation. Diphenhydramine can also cause increased chest congestion, nervousness, loss of appetite, vomiting, headache, muscle weakness, and excitement(mostly in children (Diphenhydramine, nih.gov). Some of the chronic side effects of diphenhydramine are vision loss, difficulty urinating or painful urination, and thickening of bronchial secretions. If any of the acute side effects became too severe or did not go away, a doctor would need to be contacted because that could lead to hypersensitivity, nervous system, cardiovascular, or gastrointestinal problems. Once any of the chronic side effects became present after or during the use of diphenhydramine a doctor should be contacted immediately to prevent anymore damage to the individual’s

A chest X-ray and CT scan result demonstrated a cavitation of the right lower pulmonary lobe. This result alone along with Bob’s history of smoking is a big red flag related to lung cancer. Bob’s history reveals that he has been smoking a ½ pack or more per day for 37 years. According to a study done on the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of lung cancer, habitual smokers have the highest risk of developing cancer of the lung than any other cancer (Herth, Eberhardt, Ernst, 2006). The study also concludes that a related association with lung cancer is swelling of the tissue, lung tumors and/cavitation, lymph in the bronchioles, and paratracheal areas. The swelling can lead to an obstructed airway, which matches Bob’s symptoms as well. Chest pain, stridor, and chest pain are all indications of complications in the respiratory system.

Recent studies show that 38% of people who use this product as an escape to sleeping at night are suffering with liver disorders. Taking this product misdirected sends wrong messages to your body. It puts your body to sleep when your body cant or doesn’t want to. It slows you down when you body is not ready to slow down. It controls your body almost opposite of how it should or wants to be run. The day after you take this product improperly, you feel like your dragging along, sluggish and weak. Maybe you did get to fall asleep the night before but you sure put a beating on your body for the next day.

Through extensive medical studies and hours of testing, scientists have found no problems with their subject’s ability to fall asleep after taking the drug. the reactions that occur within your brain that are enacted by the drug don’t mess with your sleep cycle after the drug has effectively kept you awake.

Pharmacologic treatment include modafinil, ritanserin and armodafinil, that are effective for treating daytime sleepiness due to narcolepsy. Sodium oxybate, trycyclic antidepressants, venlafaxine and reboxetine to treat cataplexy. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine for sleep paralysis and hypnogogic

People develop dry mouth problems for several reasons. One of the most common is dry mouth as a side effect of medication. Numerous drugs deplete saliva production. A person may develop this problem if he or she takes:

Dry mouth has a variety of causes. Some of them are temporary, such as a side effect of a medication, and others are permanent, such as damaged salivary glands from radiation therapy. The first step in reversing your dry mouth is to uncover the cause. For instance, your doctor might change your prescription medication to give you relief.

Parkinson’s Disease is a long-term progressive neurodegenerative disease consisting of motor system impairment, neuropsychiatric, and nonmotor features. The disease is characterized by the following key clinical features: bradykinesia, resting tremor, postural instability, and rigidity. These symptoms are due to the diminishing of dopamine in the nigrostriatal pathway and substantia nigra, which causes inhibition of the thalamus decreasing excitatory input to the motor cortex.1 Along with the key manifestations an individual with Parkinson’s Disease will experience problems associated with the disease or the antiparkinson medications. These co-occurring problems are hallucinations, dementia, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, depression, and pyschosis.2 Psychosis is a common problem in Parkinson’s Disease, and is characterized by paranoid delusions and hallucinations that are visual in nature.2 Risk factors for psychosis consists of advancing age, dementia, sleep disorders, and high doses of antiparkinson drugs.1

A healthy 27-year-old Caucasian woman wishes to stop smoking. She would like to have a baby, but wants to improve her overall health prior to conceiving. The patient has tried multiple times to stop smoking on her own, but has not been successful. The patient would like to try a pharmacological intervention for smoking cessation. The patient is not taking any other medications and has no history of depression or other conditions.

As the Elizabethtown, KY family dentist at Mulberry Street well knows, a wide range of factors can cause this condition to appear. Dry mouth can be a side effect of medications used to treat illnesses as diverse as anxiety and allergies. A parched mouth can also be the result of more serious medical conditions, such as diabetes, HIV,

|Specific Purpose: |To inform readers on the causes, effects and treatments of lung cancer. |

Fatigue: fatigue may have multiple causing factors; causes other than PBC should be considered, and these include anemia ,hypothyroidism ,depression and sleep disorder ,an association between fatigue and altered sleep in particular daytime sleepiness has been reported in patients with PBC. Modafinil , for the treatment of narcolepsy which is an approved drug , reported with significant benefits in patients in PBC with fatigue. At doses of 100-200 mg/day significant improvement in fatigue was

Suvorexant is FDA indicated for insomnia (falling asleep and staying asleep) on as needed basis. Suvorexant alters the neurotransmitters in the brain involved in the sleep cycle.1When orexin receptors, which are involved in regulation of sleep/wake cycle are blocked, there is a reduction in the excitation of the arousal system.2