Brothel Mustang Ranch and its Women Written by Alexa Albert

Many individuals in today’s society wonder what pushes people past a breaking point in which they become involved in actions not accepted by society, such as stripping, prostitution, drug use, alcoholism and more. The reasoning behind this is deviance. Deviance can be either positive (over conforming) or negative (under conforming). When applying the subject of crime to a type of deviance, it falls under the negative category because those who under conform in society have a tendency to reach their goals with non-accepted means. Considering the crime of drunk driving, many factors add up to develop a reason why so many people do it. Merton’s strain theory perspective explains the deviance behind drunk driving very well, using its’ assumptions, key focuses, and root of deviant acts to support it. Before focusing on Merton’s theory relating to the crime of drunk driving, we first have to recognize how sociologists understand the concept of deviance.

Strain theories of criminal behaviour have been amongst the most important and influential in the field of criminology. Taking a societal approach, strain theories have sought to explain deficiencies in social structure that lead individuals to commit crime (Williams and McShane 2010). Strain theories operate under the premise that there is a societal consensus of values, beliefs, and goals with legitimate methods for achieving success. When individuals are denied access to legitimate methods for achieving success, the result is anomie or social strain. This often leads an individual to resort to deviant or criminal means to obtain the level of success that they are socialized to pursue. This is the basic premise of strain theory. This

Theories that relate to gender norms as the cause of deviance of women take off from the view that the power relations in society which is dominated by men result to pushing women into deviant behavior through victimization, role entrapment, and economic marginality (Seguino 2007). It is the case that for sociologists coming from this perspective, gender norms bring about inequality. And such inequality plays a crucial role into leading women into deviant behavior. Studies have shown that struggling on the streets leads to other offenses and crimes (Chesney Lind 1989) and this includes prostitution and drug-dealing (English

“However, given this societal pressure toward deviance, not all of us would respond to it in the same way” (Thio, 2010, p. 18). There are five different types of responses that may arise out of this pressure present in the anomie-strain theory by means of free will. The first response is conformity, in which the set goal is accepted and a legitimate means is used to attempt to achieve the

Meaning: This is the idea that deviance is due to the pressure that the society puts on some people, therefore forcing them to deviate. It reminds of the old adage that “poverty breeds crime”. In support of structural strain theory of deviance, Robert Kline Merton borrowed Emile Durkheim’s concept of Anomie (i.e. normlessness) and applied it to deviance.

Since the beginning of time prostitution has been a part of our world 's culture, and it is said that it is the world 's oldest profession. Man has always been equally participated and felt the need to pay for services of a sexual nature since the beginning of time, whether it was legal or not. During 19th century woman who belonged to lower class family might have worked in order to support her family, in harsh times. During that time as farther away a woman moved from the mother and home, the lower her status became. Prostitution was clearly seen as disrespectful; the prostitute was at the bottom of society’s status chain. “During the late 19th- and early 20th century, the nature of society forced the working class women of Eau Claire to take advantage of any means to support themselves, including prostitution. Each woman had to decide herself which work option best supported her financially.”(Schaar.A) The wages these women earned were unbelievably low, and at times as much as 80% lower than the wages men earned. Back in those days there weren’t many jobs

A job can easily become something so much more; it can become your lifestyle, especially when it comes to prostitution. Prostitution molds your life, the judgmental views of society, and the loving relationship one thrives off of. Love Suicides, “The Life of a Sensuous Woman”, and “Du Tenth Sinks the Jewel Box in Anger” displays prostitution significantly and has these women’s decisions, emotions, and endeavors fueled by their line of work. Trying to define and live a life of love (which the main characters seem to be longing for) when your lifestyle is filled with fits of lust, when your lifestyle is your business, and when society frowns up you poses a challenge. From the outside looking in on the lifestyle of prostitution people assume, use stereotypes, and have skewed views on these women.

Anomie theory posits that US society focus heavily upon monetary success, but places little emphasis upon how this success is obtained. Strain theory proposals a very similar concept, but focus upon smaller units within society. It argues that while everyone aims to reach the middle class standard of success, people in some groups will be unable to achieve it via legitimate channels. These theories suggest that people how commit crime are trying to accomplish the

Merton, who developed strain theory, lived from 1910-2003 and was an American sociologist whose diverse interests included the sociology of science and the professions, sociological theory, and mass communication. He argued that society may be set up in a way that encourages too much deviance. Merton believed that when societal norms, or socially accepted goals, such as the 'American Dream,' place pressure on the individual to conform, they force the individual to either work within the structure society has produced, or instead become members of a deviant subculture in an attempt to achieve those goals. He developed a theory of deviant behavior based on different types of social adaptation and defined the interrelationship between social theory and empirical research, advancing a structural-functional approach to the study of society and creating the concepts of manifest and latent function and dysfunction. Merton termed this theory strain theory (Moffitt, 2016).

The idea that societal strains are a contributing factor in the causation of crime in society isn’t a new one. Conversely since it was first proposed as a theory on criminology by Merton, it has been a hotly debated subject among sociologists. Trying to discern the reasons that people commit crimes or societal wrongs has been a topic for scholars and philosophers throughout written history. Ever since society moved past the age of believing in devils, sociologists have attempted to define the causation of misdeeds in order for societal leaders to better prevent and control crime. Much like treating the cause of a disease instead of just the symptoms; enter Social Strain Theory.

Merton’s anomie/strain theory was a very popular explanation for crime and deviance during the 1950’s and 1960’s. (Paternoster, Bachman 2001) Its popularity began to diminish in the late 1960’s due to the theories lack of empirical evidence. The theory did

Deviance and crime are wide-ranging terms used by sociologists to refer to behavior that varies, in some way, from a social norm. Cultural Norms are society's propensity towards certain ideals; their aversion from others; and their standard, ritualistic practices. Essentially the 'norm' is a summation of typical activities and beliefs of group of people. This essay will evaluate the sociological theories associated with crime and deviance and to compare and contrast these main theories. And find links between these theories to today’s society. There are various Sociological deviance theories, including Structuralist: why do some people break the rules? ,

Some of these women escaped from prostitution, while others have been doing it for years and are continuing. These women are no different from any other working woman. They are all just trying to get by and survive in a diminishing economy.

Deviance is described as being behaviour that is not part of the norms in your particular society. This can be different throughout the world because some cultures have very different norms (Stephens and Leach, 1998:17). Most deviant behaviour will attract disapproval from others in the society or punishment from authorities. There are many different types of deviance such as addiction, mental illness, alcoholism, criminality and homosexuality. Throughout this essay six types of theories will be discussed about how and why people are deviant. Four of these theories support the idea of deviance being biological and three support the idea of it being caused by your social construction. Also the essay will talk about the differences between

There are many cases as to why people get into prostitution. One of the most common reasons women decide to become a sex worker is usually to help pay for schooling, or other financial debt. Here in California minimum wage is now about ten dollars an hour which is not nearly enough money to support oneself, let alone pay for college loans. In an AlterNet article Celine Bisette talks about how people let ignorance get the best of them as they assume her being a prostitute is a product of sexual abuse. Celine states,” The reality is that I had a happy childhood that was completely devoid of abuse of any kind. I grew up in a very ordinary middle class family. My parents cooked dinner for me every night, helped me with my homework, and told me they loved me every single day.” When people make judgements about why sex workers are doing what they are doing it puts these workers in an uncomfortable position, making them regretful and embarrassed about a job that they like doing.