Brukunga Mine Research Paper

1. Observe the rock pool and the surrounds for litter, oyster shells, footprints, fishing wire, as well as other forms of human interaction.

Once these mines were abandoned water slowly began to fill these mines. The water came in contact with all of the leftover minerals, including sulfide, and chemicals began to dissolve into the water. This process of dissolving chemicals into the water essentially turned the water into acid (1). Once the mines finally filled, water began to pour out of the mines into the surrounding area, mostly into a body of water now known as “Tar Creek” (1). This creek then spread the contaminated water throughout the community and into numerous water sources.

The Kalgoorlie Mine, also known as the Super Pit due to its distinctive depth of 600m ( Figure 1.), is a mine situated in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia that primarily extracts gold. Often considered to be the largest open-cut mine in the nation, Kalgoorlie produces a tremendous 22 000 kilograms of gold each year. The gold rush that struck Australia during 1851-1914 was primarily a result of the discovery of many mining sites like the Kalgoorlie gold mine. The finding of the Kalgoorlie mine by Paddy Hannan, Thoman Flanagan and Daniel Sheal attracted several thousands of other prospectors (mineral explorers) and created a “ rush” to whoever would quickly become prosperous from mining gold at Kalgoorlie. As such,

The Donkin Coal Mine; is planned to open in 2017 with the help of Ed Griffith, vice president of Kameron Coal, the Halifax based company (Jamasmie, 2015.) Kameron Collieries closer to reopen massive coal mine in Canada 's Nova Scotia

The Cariboo Gold Rush took place between 1860-1863 in the Cariboo Mountain region. The Cariboo Gold Rush began when people from The Fraser River Gold Rush saw gold in the Horsefly River. After the news spread of the gold near Barkerville, gold-seekers were attracted and they came for the gold. The promising discoveries of gold were made at Williams, Lightning and Lowhee creeks. Barkerville, Camerontown, and Richfield were established 125 kilometers southeast of Prince George. Barkerville is the only one of the three administrative towns to outlast the mining boom days. Barkerville deposits were worked from 1864 to the 1930s which required complex and expensive technology to remove the gold. The gold production in the Cariboo’s worth was approximately

My opinion on the Polymet Mine is that it is necessary to have. It produces the majority

Alaska should not allow the Pebble Partnership to build the Pebble Creek mine in Southwest Alaska. The benefits of the mine are nothing compared to what would happen to the environment if the mine were to be built. First off, the people in this region make their living off of the salmon who live in the rivers. If the mine were to be built, those rivers would become polluted and all of the salmon would die, meaning that everyone there would have to find a new way to survive. Not only would the rivers and water sources be polluted, but the environment in general. The mine would generate about ten billion tons of waste. This would then go onto pollute the air, kill many of the plants, and harm the animals in the region. While the Pebble Partnership

In Saskatchewan mines, many resources are found but I chose to focus on Crude Oil and Uranium. Did you know that Saskatchewan has the largest uranium deposit in the world, or that Saskatchewan is the second largest oil manufacture in all the provinces of Canada?

The Denver Basin began to form as early as 300 million years ago. The site is made up of paleozoic, mesozoic, cenozoic and sedimentary rock layers. The formation of the Denver Basin is known as “Colorado Orogeny”. Orogeny is a process in which the Earth’s crust is folded and deformed to create a mountain form. During this process, the Ancestral Rockies were formed. Other rocks formed during this time period include the Fountain Formation; which is most visible at Red Rocks and Boulder Flatirons. The Basin was most likely deepened in the Paleogene time, which was between 66 and 45 million years ago. In between that time period, the Laramide orogeny formed the modern day Colorado Rockies. The Denver Basin is centered in eastern Colorado. Around

Art has been around for centuries and since art became a big part of the world many artist became recognized for their work even after they are gone. Examples of this would be Vango, Picaso, and Michael Angalo. They all are no longer alive but their art work is very alive. Most renown artist are recognized because their work is admired but there is always someone that doesn’t understand or appreciate the work. Many only wish that they could be one of those artist others cringe on the idea of creating pieces like those artist have done. The idea of being an artist is an amazing thought itself after much thought I think that if I could be an artist and who produced renowned pieces I would want to be Frank Lloyd and create the Fallingwater Mill

Personally, visiting Stone Mountain is always a pleasure for its serenity, history and atmosphere. The top of the mountain provides such an astounding view of metropolitan Atlanta that takes one’s breath away. As a young child I would enjoy playing in the luscious grass , gazing at the calm lake and pondering questions: who were the people etched onto the mountain and how were they capable of etching the three men and horse in the side of an enormous mountain. Now having have learned about the rich history of the famous attraction I appreciate the ability to stand in a place where important events had played out: whether it be for the Native Americans or the Confederate state. The calm area allows an individual to thoroughly reflect the events

Galena, the main silver ore mined in Australia, has a large percentage (86%) of lead found in it. Metal sulfides may be contained in waste rock material from mines, which can ultimately lead to sulfuric acid drainage when left out in the open air. Dangerous runoff and water contamination can also be the result of improper storage of tailings, which contain harmful minerals and materials. Some mine waste and tailing dump sites are found to be structurally unsound and therefore overflow oftenly and break. This breakage allows contaminants to spill out over the surrounding environment. In some cases, mines take no consideration of the surrounding environment and will have long pipes or waste canals that carry tailings to the waterways for

The very first open-pit mines that were built in the world started around when men began to develop tools and constructing massive stone monuments to their gods. They were known as quarries. Quarries are open-pit mines that produce building materials and dimension stone, such as granite, marble, limestone, and other tangible rock building materials. However, these open-pit mines produced little to no pollution at all because the technology to extract every last gram of ore from rack has not been developed. The process basically involves pulverizing every rock that comes out of a mine with any trace of ore within it. This produces what is known as tailings. Tailings are one of the biggest pollutants of the world to date. They are so toxic that they have to be mixed with water to produce sludge and are pumped into ponds (known as tailings ponds) so that they are rendered “obsolete”.

Parts of the Finniss River have been contaminated as a result of acids draining into the system. Here, acid mine drainage has leached as a by-product of the Rum Jungle mine and has been toxic to the aquatic ecosystem and its vegetation and fauna (ABC News, 2016). Furthermore, low-level radiation was detected in in the area which resulted in the popular Rum Jungle South Recreation Reserve being shut down (Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 2014). Additionally, The Olympic Dam mining centre located in South Australia is home to the largest known single uranium deposit in the world as well as a metallurgical processing plant (Mining Technology, n.d.). Olympic Dam has a significant impact on the South Australian environment, with a water consumption rate of more than 35 million litres daily, from bore fields at southern end of the Great Artesian Basin. This figure makes it the largest industrial consumer of underground water in the Southern Hemisphere (Australian Map of Nuclear and Uranium Sites, 2013). The Great Artesian Basin supports a number springs, which in turn support smaller wetlands and creeks. The water use at Olympic dam has negatively influenced the health of these springs by reducing the flow of water through them and therefore the wildlife that rely on them (Mudd,

The Bale Mountains also provide different ecosystem services such as carbon stocks and water services. The Bale massif originates from these mountains and supplies water to around 12 million of people from the southeast region of Ethiopia and Somalia and Kenia. A total of 40 rivers rise from the Bale area contributing to five major rivers: The Wabe Shebele, Dumal, Ganale, Welmel, and Web. Together with the Bale massif supports the livelihoods of the communities and have a vital role in controlling the climatic conditions of the zone. Moreover, two rivers are used to provide hydroelectric power to the Bale area. However, population pressure and lack of clear ownership of the resources have encouraged people to overexploit their natural resources (Kidan 1996).