Brunnstrom Movement Therapy

Stroke is a leading health care problem worldwide; ‘living with stroke’ is a real challenge both stroke survivors and their caregivers face.

A stroke is a life changing disease and sudden attack of weakness to one side of the body resulting from a interruption to the flow of blood going to the brain that can be a minor attack and resolved in a few days or major attack leaving the person with physical disabilities and cognitive deficit (McFerran 2008). Therefore, stroke can affect the quality of life of an individual from the lack of communication, mobility and independence and intern can cause one to become depressed. This essay is concerning the case of Mr. Alfred Smith who was

De, D., & Wynn, E. (2014). Preventing muscular contractures through routine stroke patient care. British Journal of Nursing, 23(14), 781-786. doi:10.12968/bjon.2014.23.14.781

following a stroke the client usually has weakness in the left side of the body so physiotherapist will aim to create a work out plan

A stroke can have a devastating effect on somebody; it may leave a person with no long-term effects, with a permanent weakness down one side of their body or, at worst, in a deep coma from which they never recover. When moving and handling people who have suffered from a stroke, you will need to be aware of the extent of the stroke and what parts

There is evidence to suggest that improved motor recovery occurs when the brain uses the original neural system to control the movement as this is shown to represent "true" recovery. Whereas, if new networks were to form in the unaffected hemisphere of the brain, motor recovery will be reduced. As a result of using these new networks, fine motor control is lost and employment of compensatory movement strategies are associated with a poorer functional outcome (Nudo, 2007). The recovery of motor skills following a stroke, like walking, relies on the brain’s ability

Angelo is a 65-year-old male who has left-sided hemiparesis because of a right cerebrovascular accident that occurred 7 years ago. Though he has left upper extremity weakness, it does not affect his right upper extremity, which is his dominant side. Angelo uses a cane to ambulate between locations, yet he needs to use a rail in order to climb up stairs, and he uses an ankle-foot-orthosis to support his left foot. Although Angelo has no visual and/or perceptual deficits, Angelo struggles to flex his shoulder, extend his elbow, and both flex and extend his fingers. Angelo experiences diminished sensation on his left upper extremity, but it depends on the time of day. When Angelo sits down on a chair next to the table, he places his left upper extremity on the top of the table to support it, using his right upper extremity. In addition, Angelo is able to articulate

The information in this literature review was collected from an expert interview and the search databases Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The expert for the expert interview was selected based on experience with designing prosthetics for individuals that had lost their hand and potentially part of their arm (Birdwell, 2016). The databases were searched using keywords “spinal cord injury”, “hand movement”, and “fine motor movement”. In PubMed the selection was also narrowed down by selecting only studies done on humans. New terminology was searched through science direct due to the built in function that allows for key words from the article to be selected for further information from multiple books or journals.

Hemiparesis is weakness on one side of the body, such as one arm and one leg. Hemiparesis often happens after a stroke. The weakness is usually on the side of the body that is opposite from the part of the brain affected by the stroke. Hemiparesis can make it hard for you to do normal daily tasks, so you may need extra help or therapy.

Precious Movements Physical Therapy, P.C. is a physical therapy clinic that is located in Staten Island, New York City. Precious Movements Physical Therapy, P.C. was founded by Dr. Amanda L. Rotondo in the year 2015. This physical therapy clinic helps treat the conditions such as developmental delay, torticollis hypotonia or low muscle tone, hypertonia or high muscle tone, coordination disorders, sensory processing disorders, and more. Precious Movements Physical Therapy, P.C. also provides treatment for ligament sprains, toe walking, muscle strains, post-surgical rehab, conditions associated with autism spectrum disorder, and conditions associated with cerebral palsy. Dr. Amanda L. Rotondo, PT, DPT, CKTP, CCI is a proud member of the American

Stroke, or brain attack, is the number four killer of adults in the world. In the United States, 160,000 deaths occur each year. From 1999 to 2009, the death rate from stroke gradually lowered as improvements to medicine and testing developed. Yet, 800,000 Americans continue to have strokes and survive the event. Worldwide, about 15 million experience stroke with 6 million who die and 5 million who become permanently disabled. (Robinson, Richard & Odle, Teresa G. & Frey, Rebecca J. & Odle, Teresa G. , 2011) The statistics in America are better for surviving a stroke because of rapid response and better interpretation of symptoms. Nevertheless, surviving a stroke often brings on dilapidating effects; which means a change in lifestyle and lifelong rehabilitation through physical therapy.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect that mental practice would have on learning a sequential task for the lower limb. This was a single case study regarding an individual with a hemiparesis from a stroke. The study took place in a research laboratory of a university-affiliated rehabilitation center. The participant was a 38-year-old man who had suffered a left hemorrhagic subcortical stroke four months prior to the experiment (Jackson, Doyon, Richards, & Malouin, 2004). The subject was required to practice a serial response time task with the lower limb in three distinct training phases over a period of five weeks: two weeks of physical practice, one week of combined physical and mental practice, and then two weeks of mental practice alone (Jackson et al., 2004). The main outcome measure included the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ). The KVIQ includes a series of 10 gestures and is adapted for older patients and patients with motor deficits. In this assessment, the patients rate their ability to elicit mental images of the action on two 5-point scales (5 = high imagery; 1 = low imagery). One scale rates the clarity of the image, and the other rates the intensity at which they can feel themselves performing the movement. Utilizing physical practice alone, the patient’s average response time did improve during the first five days, but then failed to show further improvement during the remaining days of physical practice. The combination of mental and physical practice yielded additional improvement; whereas, the following two weeks of mental practice alone resulted in minimal improvement in performance (Jackson et al., 2004). The findings from this case-study showed that when mental and physical practices are combined,

Hemiplegia is defined as the complete loss of movement or sensation to an entire half of the body. Hemiparesis is a partial loss of sensation or movement throughout one side of the body. Both hemiplegia and hemiparesis are common after a person has had a severe stroke. According to the Center for Disease Control “Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States and is a major cause of adult disability. About 800,000 people in the United States have a stroke each year” (Stroke Statistics, 2015). A stroke occurs when a blood vessel bursts and oxygen is not being transported to the brain properly. The Stroke Center, a leading independent information provider on strokes, states, “Stroke is the leading cause of serious, long term

Stroke is seen as a major health concern and this is due to the fact that every year, as many as 110,000 individuals suffers from strokes making it a key issue. (NHS 2014)

It is common for patients to create learned non-utilization of their weaker arm. Study shows about demonstrates the serious rehashed undertaking work on utilizing the weaker arm can enhance both the measure of utilization and nature of development prompting enhanced capacity and independence. Limitation induced development treatment depends on learned non-utilize which creates amid beginning times following a stroke as the patients acquaint with adjust for trouble utilizing the impaired extremities by expanding dependence of the in-place