Bruno Bettelheim 's `` Punishment Versus Discipline ``

Many children await the day when they can be considered grown up. For them it represents a time where they possess more rights and privileges. However, for middle children which are between the ages of 7 through12 this time may seem more like a nightmare because it marks the time when they undergo physical and mental changes. These physical and mental changes have a major impact on their development. The subject in this scenario is a little boy named Mark who is being bullied at school by a group of older boys to the point that he has received bruises from the encounters. As a result, Mark dislikes going to school for the fear of being embarrassed or hurt and the looming threat of recurring bodily harm if he asks for help from the teachers. This situation has become so serious that Mark is barely eating and has withdrawn himself from his peers in efforts to avoid the boys who are bulling him. After examining the above scenario, this paper will explain Mark’s different issues based on signs of biosocial, cognitive and psychosocial development and discuss what should be done to help Mark succeed in his current situation based on research.

In John Cloud’s essay “The Myths of Bullying” he talks about the reaction that schools and states have to bullying. Cloud expresses his concerns for bullying and also explains the steps that people are taking to help prevent it. He explains that most of the systems used now are not effective and are making school’s waste money. He then provides his own opinion on how bullying should be approached in school systems. Cloud’s essay not only tries to persuade the reader to his cause but he uses literary elements such as bathos and logos to appeal to and draw in the reader.

“Physical punishment of children: Can we continue to accept the status quo?” by Kim Oates is a scholarly source found in the Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. The author of this journal argues that discipline with physical punishment is not only inefficient, but it also causes problems in the emotional and behavioral development of children. He follows by providing practical forms of disciplining such as: removing privileges, teaching by example, having constant supervision, setting appropriate rules, and being consistent. Kim Oates states that those parents who use physical punishment to discipline their children, likely experienced it during their childhood and are usually unaware of these other methods of discipline. Oates included

As more and more children go to school, the rates of bullying go up as time goes by. there are many times at which students suffer all the bullying that occurs within their lives. As more schools become aware of the magnitude of the bullying occurring right under their noses, there are rules created to aid the victim. There are various types of bullying and these are created to do one thing, instill superiority among the “stronger” and place a feeling of inferiority. Bullies are the ones who are detrimental to a child’s development.

Bullying has been an issue that has been on the rise effecting individuals in school settings. The article main focus is bullying, intervention, attitude and behavior. The researchers managed to collect data aimed at short term and long term interventions used to prevent bullying of students at schools. The interventions were put in place by the school officials who were trained in such intervention. There were a controlled group and an experimental group that consists of 454 students from fourth to sixth grade participated in the interventions.

When a person is initiating bullying, it often refers to verbal or physical harassment such as fighting, calling names and even black mailing. In fact, researchers and bloggers have mentioned labeling kids, as ”victims and Bullies” does not help discard the situation. It is known to cause children to identify themselves as “victims” and “bullies” and patterns may be repeated. Nonetheless, although social roles such as “Victims and Bullies” can be negative as far as labeling, it has helps understand the source of warning signs and aggressive behavior so it can be managed properly. For example, Warning signs such as constantly speaking negative, getting into a lot of fights, being aggressive and even coming home with scars and bruises. Average shows that potential bullying may occurs during the 4th-12th grade. During these situations some schools have requested organizations and awareness taught during classes to help educate kids on he effects and possible consequences of bullying.

Overall, Giese’s purpose is to open readers’ minds to the idea that they should be searching for the motivating factors of bullying and dealing with it through their discoveries rather than using the punishment method. In order to support this, the author reminds society that children did not invent bullying, similar to how they did not invent “sex, drugs, or sullenness”. She explains that the bullying phenomenon has existed for many

Bullying has been a problem for a very long time; however in these present times bullying is becoming an epidemic. Maybe the reason behind this is the new occurrence of social media in our society, and the new strategies used by bullies to harass there victims. In this report the topics that will be covered are why bullying is an issue to study in human development, describe three components or types of behavior in bullying that are observed by researchers. Explain how gender and sexual orientation that influence the styles of bullying, how bullying affects self-esteem and what affect does the family system have on bullying.

“Randie, I’m going to put you in time out if you don’t do your homework!” As children, most of us are accustomed to hearing this kind of negative reinforcement from our parents; it is how we are disciplined. Although Bruno Bettelheim asserts in “Art, Social Action & the Preparation of Democratic Citizens” that punishment is an ineffective method of discipline, it is nonetheless the most common (53). The chapter states: “Punishment teaches a child that those who have power can force others to do their will” 51. Because the parent has used verbal or physical punishment to force the child into doing their will, it is understandable that a child would internalize this idea and use it himself to control the actions of others.

“In our society, aversive control through punishment is perhaps the most widespread means of controlling behavior. Our system of laws is backed up by threats of punishment. The reason punishment is the glue that holds so much of our society’s fabric together is that, for the most part, it seems to work. It is the fastest way to bring behavior under control” (Smith, 2013, p.

To determine the weight of each side’s argument, This issue must be passed through the laws of ethics and morality. Ignoring the risks of violence that parenting can lead to, this method in the viewpoint of many is considered to be more efficient and has faster results. Physical punishments are deemed to be a firm way to show kids that they’re disobediences are not tolerated. This is believed to satisfy the parents desire for power by rooting a sense fear of the parents’ authority within the children. In many religions such as Islam hitting a child is acceptable within limits. These limits protect the child’s physical and mental safety, yet are still effective to teach the child a valuable life

An adult who practices punishment, controls a child externally. This communicates to a child that they are not able to control themselves, thus have no responsibility for their actions. Also, it can create in the child’s mind, the idea that they can commit a behavior so long as they do not get caught or are willing to accept the consequences. Behavior that is modified with punishment does not evolve from the understanding of what is expected in a society, but rather from fear. Since no understanding was obtained this will not

However, their second survey was for the teachers asking them questions such as: how frequently have you seen bullying? What part of the school? And the extent to which they address bullying with their students. On the other hand, the second article had an approach towards school psychologists and nurses. School psychologists were asked to take a deeper leadership in developing “comprehensive approaches to bullying prevention.” And school nurses are asked to to bring a healthier environment to the school and to be able to recognize the victims and the bullies. Nevertheless, both articles were trying to test a way to prevent bullying from

The article I have chosen is titled, “Why Physical Punishment Does Not Work,” written by Paul C. Holinger. To summarize, it describes how physical punishment is not an ineffective method of teaching kids proper behavior and its detrimental effects on a child’s behavior later on in life. Furthermore, it lists alternative ways to correct a child's misbehavior without the use of violence. This article lightly reflects on B.F. Skinner's Theory of Operant Conditioning. The following information is how the Skinner Theory can be related to the article.

School bullying and bullying as a whole has become a growing concern. The need for more intervention is more recognized, as incidents of bullying and inappropriate acts towards others occur in places outside of the classroom. This literature takes a closer look at bullying in schools. Olwesus (2013) states “the field of bullying research is to some extent plagued by problems, disagreements, and unresolved issues” (p.752). Whether if anyone will agree on the root of bullying, the fact remains that bullying has to be examined at its very core to remedy the matter before it becomes a bigger concern. There is a dire need for intervention based programs to be set in place to address the fact the act of bullying has lasting effects on the bully and the victim. When intervention programs are put into place to address bullying, the act of bullying decreases due to the gained understanding of the effects.