Bullying in the educational system has always been a negative aspect of a student’s life and although the Canadian government has implemented preventive measures to deal with this societal vice, bullying till this present day still remains prevalent without significant reduction in bullying. This is a serious issue in today’s society. In order to understand this issue it is important to know the definition of bullying and the different forms of bullying that take place in the lives of young individuals.
Bullying can be defined as imposing dominance over other people of lower physical or intellectual ability by using threats, intimidation, coercion or even force. Bullying can also be defined as inflicting harm on others by verbally,
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The only things that are required for bullying to take place are the bully and the person being bullied. The locations where bullying can take place are limitless, and it is therefore very wise to address this issue from an overall perspective so as not to neglect other areas where bullying might be prevalent.
There have been various studies, works and researches that have been done over the years with regard to peer victimization. Olweus (1995), who is a lead researcher and also a pioneer in studies to do with bullying, emphasizes the fact that for peer victimization to be exclusively defined as bullying there has to be repeated and somewhat persistent deliberate actions which affect the person negatively by his foes and sometimes friends. Craig Pepler (1997) indicates that among the fundamental characteristics of bullying is the perception of inequality of power between the victim and the bully. He goes on to say that this imbalance is mostly as a result of having physical advantage over the victim, which in most cases is strength and size, the victim is therefore not able to prevent these actions by defending themselves.
In a twist of the norm, (Veenstra et al, 2005), suggests that some children can fall prey to victimization even though they may be bullies. Veenstra goes on to say that this situation can be majorly attributed to the environment, company or setting the children may find themselves in. Also, in a
The role of bullying encompasses of what actually takes place in school environments and what goes on in communities, families and agencies where children are violent. The authors looks at “A Staging Paradigm” in which the authors divided the violence in patterns and five patterns: repetitive school disruptions (pattern 1), acute case of child aggressor or victim (pattern 2), highly submissive victim or aggressive young student (pattern 3), child with self-injurious or self-defeating behavior (pattern 4), and truants and dropouts (pattern 5). It was noted that bullies are allow to do what they want because bystanders would not intervene and this creates a humiliating experience for the community and the family not to have a peaceful environment ( Weisbroth 2012).
She describes that confronting the bully, by fightback, sharing with friend and family for intervention, are different strategies used by victims. In some case the victim is unable to equalize this power over the bully. Which can prolong, ongoing humiliation dealing with issues, such as divorce in the family, drastic learning disabilities, as well as chronic illness potently can cause a breaking point. Having low self-esteem, depression, and suicidal and homicidal ideations. Some victims carry the hurt of bullying into adulthood. More or less victims tend to lose faith in other people for comfort and support. She contends “the adverse social and emotional consequences of bullying victimization do not support the idea that bullying builds character. Victimization may build character for a tiny proportion of the population.” (Kuykendall 2012). Bullying for the most part can be traumatic and painful should not be silently approved. Bullies hold social power than the victims. However attacks arise from frustration. Provocative victims are typically sincerely sorry and very apologetic after an attack, a reflection of genuine or low self-esteem. True bullies consume high self-esteem.
It is important to define the term bullying accurately because that term alone can be adversarial. With that being said it can mean intimidation, aggression, hostile behaviors, and pestering the weak. Bullying takes place in schools, work, and in your own home. It can pretty much happen anywhere. Bullying in my terms is anything that can make a person feel weak minded, and has to submit.
There are major inconsistencies in research, as identified in an article by Solberg, Olweus and Endresen (2007) asking the question if bullies and victims at school are the same pupils. When estimating the prevalence of bully-victims in 10 studies using bully-victim as a basis of classification with similar populations, the percentages varied between 0.4 and 29% (Solberg et al., 2007). This has been a particularly confusing part of this present research project, in that classification criteria, definitions and other measurements may be used differently in studies on the topic. If there are inconsistencies with determining who and what the bully-victim is, surely there are major gaps in understanding the possible cyclical nature of bully-victims.
Bullying is not the same as conflict between people (like having a fight) or disliking someone, all though people might bully each other because of conflict or dislike.
Many people have had to deal with or known of a bully. Bullying is a term that I believe many people are aware of and could spot, but may not be able to define without consideration. My definition of bullying is based on preconceived notions that are derived from experience and outside sources, in particular media sources. Being the product of the public school system I was exposed to bullying whether from firsthand experience, rumors in school or participating in an act of bullying. These accounts occurred more than thirteen years ago and I have since only heard of bullying from occasional news reports. To me bullying is a pattern of aggressive action with mal intent intending to assert dominance.
According to Stopbullying.gov, “Most bullying takes place in school, outside on school grounds, and on the school bus.” (Facts About Bullying,2017).
As more and more children go to school, the rates of bullying go up as time goes by. there are many times at which students suffer all the bullying that occurs within their lives. As more schools become aware of the magnitude of the bullying occurring right under their noses, there are rules created to aid the victim. There are various types of bullying and these are created to do one thing, instill superiority among the “stronger” and place a feeling of inferiority. Bullies are the ones who are detrimental to a child’s development.
Bullying can be done by saying bad words to a person, physically harming a person etc. It can leave a deep mark on the victim’s mind and this act is absolutely unacceptable.
There is evidence that supports the idea that bullying victimization and perpetration are all associated with psychosocial problems (Borowsky, Taliaferro, and McMorris, 2013). According to evidence presented by Salmivalli (2009), people who bully others do so because of a personal idea that they need to attain a high status, be powerful and dominant in status as well as feel that they belong in their social group.
Eric M. Anderman and Lynley H. Anderman state that, “Bullying perpetration and victimization was brought to the attention of U.S. researchers by Dan Olweus, who spearheaded a nationwide Scandinavian campaign against bullying. Referring to bullies as “whipping boys” in the 1970s, Olweus set forth the following definition of bullying that continued to be consistently used into the early 2000s: “A student is being bullied or victimized when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on the part of one or more students” (Olweus, 1993, p. 318). It often involves an imbalance of strength and power between the bully and the target and is repetitive in nature. Children and adolescents may experience isolated acts of aggression,
When looking, at what makes a bully and what makes a victim finding the actions and events that make these labels fit to an individual is a process Bullying can come in several different forms, it can be a power imbalance that is created between two individuals the victim and the aggressor or the bully, this power imbalance is real or supposed (Olweus, 1993). According to research done by Olweus, “A person is the target of bullying
Some people believe that bullying is only seen on television or in the movies but it is a real life issue that is seen and experienced by many every day. People of all ages, races, cultures and backgrounds are affected. There are some who are embarrassed to report bullying but it occurs every day, everywhere. It is important to learn about and understand what causes people to be bullies, as well as understand the effects that being bullied can have on a person.It is important for people to understand all sides of bullying, from the signs of someone being bullied to what you can do to prevent it.
Totally, bullying behavior may engage conflicts among the same powers, and bullying all the time involved throbbing and hurting person who is not pretty able to protect her or him. Therefore, bullying occurs because of misuse of the power given by the bullies against the victims who lacks the power to defend self in this situation (Olweus, 2003). Further clarification for bullying is a state when there is disagreement between persons that do not distribute identical psychological and psychical control. Also, research on school bullying stresses that most bullies are typically physically stronger and victims are typically supposed as weaker and not capable to guard themselves. (Darmawan, 2010).
Peer bullying is an old phenomenon that only recently has been the subject of more systematic research. The definition of bullying is very specific – it is the chronic occurrence of intentional aggressive behavior that occurs in interpersonal relationships characterized by an imbalance of power. The perpetrator (bully) or the target (victim) can be a group or an individual (Olweus, 1994). On the other hand, peer victimization is a broader term defined as ‘‘The experience among children of being a target of the aggressive behaviour of other children, who are not siblings and not necessarily age-mates’’ (Hawker & Boulton, 2000, p. 441). Yet, while victimization differs from bullying, many researchers consider children who are targets of peer victimization as ‘being bullied’ (i.e. Olweus, 1991; Whitney and Smith, 1993; Fox & Boulton, 2006).