Business Planning

When it comes to feeding show cattle many raisers have certain feeding strategies that they follow, ensuring they can maintain their goal on winning. Along with feeding it takes exercise so that one’s show calf will not become stout nor stubborn. Certain aspects are necessary to show an animal

A CIDR is a T-shaped device with flexible wings that move to form a rod to insert into the vagina, and a tail is attached to make removal as easy as possible. The CIDR 's nylon spine is covered with a progesterone embedded silicone skin. The CIDR is inserted for seven days, which causes the female’s blood progesterone levels to rise rapidly, with maximum concentrations reached within an hour of insertion. Progesterone levels are maintained at a constant level during the following week. When the CIDR is removed, progesterone concentrations rapidly decrease. Caution should be taken when handling CIDRs; always wear gloves to prevent exposure to progesterone and the introduction of contaminants into the vaginas of other cows. The CIDR 's greatest advantage is to facilitate fixed-time artificial insemination, where no estrus detection is necessary. The protocol is simple, but there are some differences in timing for mature cows and young heifers. For all females, the CIDR is inserted and a GnRH vaccine, such as Cystorelin or Factrel, is injected at the same time. Seven days later, the CIDR is removed and the cow receives a prostaglandin F2 injection, such as Lutalyse. In mature cows, artificial insemination should occur sixty to sixty six hours after CIDR removal, and a second GnRH injection should be

Thin cows will have inadequate energy reserves to sustain them through the lactation which means the farmer will loose money.

Hanks system is exactly the right way to graze cattle, as Eugene Ungar, et al writes in Grass Grows, the Cow Eats: A Simple Grazing System Model with Emergent Properties, “Grazing systems are of great ecological and economic

For the purposes of this paper, 50 Holstein dairy cows were chosen for study by assigning a number to each of the farmer’s cows, randomly selecting a starting point or number on the list of cows, and then selecting every 5th number as a member of the sample population. Relying on inferential statistics, these 50 cows were then used as quantitative data, representing a sample allowing us to draw conclusions about the entire population of

Stress? Cattle? Do they not just lie around and chew their cud? The stereotype of lazy cows soaking up the sun perhaps is far stretched. Cattle are associated with this stereotype because it is what people see. An average citizen’s only interactions with cattle are seeing them in the field grazing; however a farmer understands to keep his profit and cattle healthy he must reduce stress.

When it comes to robotic milking, the farmer has different options on how they want their cows to flow through the milking machine. Cows who are milked through a robot can either have free access to the robot, or can be forced trafficked (also known as milk-first system), to the robot (Munksgaard et al., 2011). When cows have free access to the robot facility, the cows are able to access the feed and robot all hours of each and every day. They are able to walk into the robot freely whenever the robot is

Abd El-Shaffy and G. A. Abd El-Rahman.  El-Nor, Khalif and El-Shaffy are from the Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.  Khattab and El-Sayed are from the Animal Production Department Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra Al-Kheimah, Cairo, Egypt.  The last author El-Rahman is from the Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University.  All that was just listed was the source of authority that these authors have in their country.  These authors or professors are well-prepared to write about this topic because they talk about the whole experiment.  They inform the reader about what was done in the experiment and what came out of the experiment.  This article came from Revista Veterinaria.  The intended readers are possibly Buffalo breeders to see what is the best way to feed the calf and what milk is the most nutritious.  Also people that are interested in this topic can read this article as well.  There

Taking into consideration that the weight of the cows is a key driver of calf weight, which in turn is the key driver of revenue.

Growth hormones (GH) are also commonly used today in CAFOs. Cows normally give birth and lactate for about 9 months before milk secretion stops. GH elongate this cycle time and cause reproductive problems in the cows (Forbes, 68). GH increase milk production by 15%, cause animals to grow to maturity

Calves are dependent on their mother’s milk for 5 months after birth (Fay 1982). However, some calves eat some invertebrates by the time they are 6 months old. Calves can consume benthic material after their first year but will continue to consume their mother’s milk until they are two (Fay 1982). If the adult female does not have a new offspring, the calf can continue to suckle milk after two years (Fay 1982). Females are facing difficulty nourishing themselves and caring for their young. If the adults cannot adapt to free ice and carrying their young, the population will decline (Cooper et al. 2006).

Heifer: Since some of cattle that TFI has, have not yet been weaned. According to ASC905-330-35-2, heifers and steers that TFI have are developing animal. Therefore we should record it by using lower the cost or market method. NRV=MV=70000-2000=$68,000, which is greater than its cost $50,000, so we need to record the original cost ($50,000) of heifer.

Lately, the public has become aware of how the food industry treats livestock. Especially, the treatment of sows in farrowing crates, or gestation crates. A gestation crate is a container made of metal that keeps a sow confined during her pregnancy and parturition (Tonsor et al., 2009). Estienne and Harper (2014) reported the crates are mandated to be 0.61 meters by 2.13 meters and are hailed by producers for their storage advantages. They allow for more sows to be placed in one gestation barn, for easier rationing of feed, and for them to have a higher pregnancy rate (Estienne and Harper, 2014). However, the public is opposed to them, because they limit the sows’ ability to move (Tonsor et al., 2009). In all, Estienne and Harper (2014) showed in their experiment that sows’ that farrowed in crates had the highest offspring survival rate and a higher market weight. Yet, their research demonstrated the sows’ offspring was affected in the reproductive sense as the females reached puberty at a later date, had smaller ovaries, and lesser follicular development (Estienne and Harper, 2014).

The disruption of the regular cycle results in an increased period of time between calving and the next conception as well as an increased number of services required to achieve conception. Research from the University of Minnesota states that cows without mastitis become pregnant 25% faster than cows with mastitis32. In addition, calving

The study of the topics at hand are of importance, as critically assessing and informing technological innovation processes, and to assess if both cows and farmers will lead better and healthier lives or is the current information on automated milking systems merely formed from consultants sales pitch (Drissen.C & Heutinck.L.H.M 2014)? There is however during the research process it was revealed that there is a sever lack of literature on robotic milking of cows when in situ, studies into this should be conducted to further this product.