C++ CIS328 Professor Vijayakumar Kumarasamy 06/18/2014 Classes Classes are an expanded concept of data structures: like data structures, they can contain data members, but they can also contain functions as members. Object An object is an instantiation of a class. In terms of variables, a class would be the type, and an object would be the variable. Abstraction Data abstraction refers to, providing only essential information to the outside world and hiding their background details, i.e., to represent the needed information in program without presenting the details. Data abstraction is a programming (and design) technique that relies on the separation of interface and implementation. Encapsulation Encapsulation is an Object …show more content…
* Program data: The data is the information of the program which affected by the program functions. Encapsulation is an Object Oriented Programming concept that binds together the data and functions that manipulate the data, and that keeps both safe from outside interference and misuse. Data encapsulation led to the important OOP concept of data hiding. A fundamental concept of Object Oriented (OO) recommends an object should not expose any of its implementation details. This way, you can change the implementation without changing the code that uses the object. The class, by design, allows its programmer to hide (and also prevents changes as to) how the class is implemented. This powerful tool allows the programmer to build in a 'preventive' measure. Variables within the class often have a very significant role in what the class does, therefore variables can be secured within the private section of the class. The access labels Public, Protected and Private are used within classes to set access permissions for the members in that section of the class. All class members are initially private by default. The labels can be in any order. These labels can be used multiple times in a class declaration for cases where it is logical to have multiple groups of these types. An access label will remain active until another access label is
Data is a group of information that are used for various purposes like analysis, evaluations and to arrive at certain results or conclusions. Data reporting is a process where data is extracted form a source or many sources and then converted into a format that can be used for a purpose.
Data is facts and numbers that hasn’t been modified or analysed for example times and numbers. When data is by itself it has no meaning to it however information by itself does have a meaning.
Data is defined as useful raw material which is intended to be useful for both the originator and for the intended receiver. Data consists largely of facts and figures ideal for communicating the intended meaning. This data can be interpreted and can be categorised as follows;
In this presentation I will be looking at data types and how they can be used and represented.
The data structure represents the logical relationships between data elements. In addition the data also determines the organizational structure, access methods, and alternative processing assosiativitas level for information.
Data independence is the ability to make changes in the definition and organization of data without requiring any changes in application programs. Each higher level of the data architecture is immune to changes of the next lower level of the architecture. Physical and logical data independence differ in type of changes that can be made without affecting working of higher levels.
It consist of three parts: 1. Name of the class 2. Attributes of the class 3. Operations of the class.
Data is the form of input, which can be produced into information. For example, 5000 could be the value of a piece of data that a business has. By adding context to this, for example if an organisation sold 1000 sandwiches in a week; this becomes information, which will influence important decisions
legislation is firmly in place, it may not always prevent misuse, unethical use, or objective
Data comprises of factual information. Data are the facts from which information is derived. Data is not necessarily informative on its own but needs to be structured, interpreted, analysed and contextualised. Once data undergoes this process, it transforms in to information. Information should be accessible and understood by the reader without needing to be interpreted or manipulated in any way.
Data are raw facts that have no meaning until they are processed and organized to identify patterns and relationships between the data elements.
Definition of data elements –this involves determining the content of the data to be collected and exchanged.
With data and the collection of it, comes the added need for security. To begin to understand how we need to secure the data we collect we need to understand a few aspects of the
3. Data – is the heart of the software. Software cannot function without it. Data can be qualitative and quantitative. Every data is an information.
Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects rather than algorithms, this may contain data in the form of fields. it aims to incorporate the advantages of modularity and