C. Elegans Lab Report

Caenorhabditis elegans, a type of free-living nematode that is found in soil, is the subject matter for this experiment (Marsh). C. elegans allow for an exceptional model organism because it is easily raised in the laboratory setting, it reproduces rapidly, has a short life cycle of 3 days where it develops from egg to adult worm, only 1.3mm in length, and although only having 959 somatic cells, it shares many characteristics with other multicellular organisms like having organs and a nervous system (Kaletta). These nematodes can either be a self-fertilizing hermaphrodite where each animal produces both sperm and egg, or they can be males that will mate with the hermaphrodites (Brenner). When a hermaphrodite self-fertilizes, the chance of having a male being produced is extremely low at just 0.1%, however, when a hermaphrodite is fertilized by a male, the ratio of males to hermaphrodites is generally equal making it 1:1 (Altun).

Pathogens can spread widely and affect many organisms at the same time. Several organisms evolve to become immune or to resist pathogens including humans and C. elegans. In this experiment, C. elegans avoidance assay plates were analyzed to determine if the C. elegans evolved to resist the pathogen S. marcerens.

Water uptake capacity of NCs enables them to entrap exudates upon contact with suppurating wounds which is desirable for their effectiveness as wound dressings. The increase in size and agglomeration of AgNPs from NC-1 to NC-3 might have resulted in more blockages of pores of CNCs which could be responsible for a decrease in water uptake capacity of NC-2 and NC-3 as compared to NC-1.

C. elegans wild sort creatures were raised at 20°C to make synchronized societies and kept up at 20°C for the duration of their lives. Grown-ups were raised on NGM (Nematode growth media) plates with live E. coli OP50-1 and exchanged each 2– 3 days while they were regenerative. Neurotransmitters were analyzed for the most part from the nerve ring and ventral ganglion in a few creatures for every treatment assemble that were altogether settled by comparative techniques. The characters of the cells making

Today with my group lab we had to discuss on how to design an experiment that investigated the two herbicides DCMU and DCPIP. We used Elodea leaf and Elodea is basically a genus of aquatic plants often called the waterweeds and can be found anywhere in a pond or under water. So we started by creating a solution of phenol red, by adding 5 drops of concentrated phenol red to 40mL of water, then one of our group member used a straw to gently blow air into the solution until it reaches a neutral pH. We then transferred the solution into two test tubes evenly and labeled each tube dark and light, meaning the dark one will stay in the dark and the light one will stay under light bulbs. We predicted that dark one will stay the same and the light

The act of locomotion is highly dependent on the chemosensation of the worm, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The use of chemotaxis enables the roundworm to distinguish various volatile and water-soluble chemicals that allow for growth and survival. We investigated the complex nervous system through the use of RNA interference (RNAi). By using RNAi, we were able to nullify certain protein expressions and test specific genes to observe their involvement in chemotaxis. The experiment made use of an attractive chemical signal, diacetyl, and how the two unknown genes and two control groups would respond. C. elegans without the ODR-10 gene were not able distinguish diacetyl, whereas the absence of protein sequence K08B12.1 and gene CEH-2 were still attracted to the chemical odorant. Based on the P values of our data, we can assume K08B12.1 and CEH-2 are not involved in chemosensation or genetic redundancy may be an alternative reason.

Doctor Linqun Luo is a professor here at Stanford and currently teaches neurobiology and does research as the principal investigator in the Luo Lab as a member of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. His primary research area is the human brain focusing on neural circuits and how they function, how precise are the connections, how they develop. To this end his lab is using fly and mouse models to study their various circuits, centering mainly on the olfactory, and exploring the early development of neural networks in mammals (Luo Lab Bio). In order to write this commentary on the topic “How do neurons connect with each other”, I have chosen two pieces to read. The first, from Science magazine, outlines the main issues, goals, and paths the world is taking to understand to understand neuroscience including the research being done to answer the question in his topic. The second paper, from Cell Press, is a much more technical paper which outlines one of the pathways Luo isolated in the olfactory cortex of mice and how their neurons may connect.

The Radical Addiction The purpose of Bruce Alexander’s experiment was to challenge the beliefs that people have about addiction. He wanted to know if addiction was still a result even when a benevolent environment was present. He wanted to look at the affects social, physical and physiological restrains have on addiction. This experiment’s purpose was to show if addiction was due to the chemical or if it was culture.

The hypothesis for this situation is that the plant that is not doing very well is that it is not getting the same amount of sun as the plant that was doing really well. Another possibility is that it’s not getting enough water as the other plant so it could not be doing as well because of those two

Since connectivity in neuronal circuits is vital to the brain function, this article explores how the specificity synaptic connection occurs during brain development. The synaptic specificity function is to examine the unique polarization that neuronal organisms have with their structures. This synaptic specificity is a journey that takes place in the cell migration, axon and dendrite development and regulation, and layer and synapse formation. It requires a lot of synaptic partners to function. Therefore, in order for any activity to take place, the synapse elimination is needed because it enables the neuronal connectivity to occur. Also, we need to understand that the synapse elimination and temporal control are the main functions that control

Since our society is facing a strong demographic change towards an elderly population, research focusing on aging is getting more and more attention. However, research proved to be difficult when wanting to identify the different mechanisms, pathways, and processes involved in aging in humans. During aging, physiological and homeostatic functions decrease progressively. Aging results from the interaction of various factors, including genetic background, environment, and stochasticity. Several molecular mechanisms that promote healthy aging have been discovered in model organisms, such as C. elegans. Recent research revealed that extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity declines with aging. This decline correlates with a decline in expression of

Neuro Test will take advantage of the larvae's high sensibility to create an automated technic to access motor, sensitive and cognitive function effortlessly at a large scale and low costs.

C. Elegans is a non-parasitic round worm (nematode) found in locations rich with nutrients and microorganisms, since it feeds on bacteria. This organism is commonly used as a model for testing ideas related to aging, genetics, and drug response. This is because the genome sequence is very similar to that of a human since according to McDonnell Genome Institute, “About

Dendrites are the primary target for synaptic input from other neurons and compose the "extensive branching." The complexity of the dentritic branching is directly related to the number of inputs a neuron can recieve. So neurons with lots of dendrites are able to process information at a greater rate than neurons with fewer dendrites.

The purpose of this experiment is to test how location affects whether or not the clay caterpillar models will get pecked by birds. Twenty-one clay caterpillars were made and they were made to be 5 cm ± 0.01cm long and 1 cm ± 0.01cm in diameter. Seven caterpillar models were placed in each of the three locations. The three locations are my backyard, the park, and my community garden. As a control variable, all the caterpillars were placed 300 cm ± 50 cm above the ground. An equal amount of caterpillars were glued, to prevent them falling off, in similar areas such as trees, bushes, and fences. This experiment went on for three weeks. Each week is considered one trial. Each caterpillar that was pecked or not was recorded and the data was placed