C-Section Research Paper

The government seemed to agree with this statement because the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act was passed in 2003. The U.S. Legislation even released a statement saying “ A gruesome and inhumane procedure that is never medically necessary and should be prohibited”. There was also a statement from our then president, President Bush “ Terrible form of violence directed against children who are inches from birth”(Chittom and Newton). Complications for having an abortion increase 36% after the eighth week. The death of a woman grows higher with the longer you wait. There are 8.9 deaths for every one million abortions at 20 week or later("ABORTION AFTER THE FIRST TRIMESTER.").There are two common methods for having a Late-term Abortion Dilation and Evacuation(D and E), and Intact Dilation and Extraction( D and X). The most common one out of the two is Dilation and Evacuation. Dilation and Evacuation is the process of dismembering and extracting in pieces. Intact Dilation and Extraction is the more gruesome of the two. The process can take two to three days. First you dilate the cervix, then put the baby in a breech position. A breech position is where the baby is coming out feet first. The next thing is the doctor will pull the feet then proceed to go in, and make an incision at the base of the skull. The brain tissue is then removed and the skull collapses, and the rest of the body is removed( Chittom and

of rape or incest may not want to have the baby, as it would remind

The Orthodox Jewish women must consult with their Rabbi for approval of procedures or treatments; amniocentesis or elective cesarean sections. In such cases Orthodox Jewish couples may call their rabbi to ask for guidance on the subject or to get a blessing from him that all will go well. This would not be done in medical emergencies, such as a cesarean section for fetal distress or for inductions for medically indicated reasons (Abdelhak 2005). In the Orthodox Jewish community they believe in "Be fruitful and multiply". It is Gods will how many children she will have, in this case the woman will avoid ever having a cesarean section as it can limit the amount of children she can have and she will not be able to fulfill Gods will.

Four years later, I got pregnant. I was nervous, scared and anxious. The doctor I saw said that I could have a VBAC(vaginal birth after c-section). I raided the library and read books on that subject. It was then I found out that the United States had the highest incidence of C-sections in the world. Research shows that epidurals increase the use of other interventions that themselves carry risks. These interventions include electronic fetal monitoring (which has shown to increase the likelihood of a cesarean without improving outcome), I. V oxytocin, and instrumental delivery. Epidurals also deprive women of a sense of mastery over labor. Goer, Henci. "Epidurals Myth Vs Reality." Childbirth Instructor Magazine Winter 1995: 17-22

Women may have an abortion for a variety of reasons, but in general they choose abortion because a pregnancy at that time is in some way wrong for them. “Abortion is the removal of a fetus from the uterus before it is mature enough to live on its own” (Kuechler 1996). When this happens spontaneously we call it a miscarriage. Induced abortion is brought about deliberately by a medical procedure that ends pregnancy. Legal abortion, carried out by trained medical practitioners, is one of the most common and safest surgical procedures. “About 1.5 million American women choose to have induced abortions each year. Less than 1% of all abortion patients experience a major complication associated with the procedure” (Kuechler 1996).

The procedure used for abortion is not only harmful to the baby obviously, but it can be dangerous for the mother both physically and mentally. Many of the risks of abortion include bleeding, infection, damage to organs, and sometimes even death but it is very rare (considering abortion). It is healthier for the woman to have birth than going through this dangerous procedure, and if the mother is not ready or does not want the baby, she can give it up for adoption. It is only fair to the baby to at least give it life to live with a family who adopts it than no life at all. After the abortion is over, women think that they are going to feel relieved to finally get this over with. For most women, this is not the case. After going through the procedure and seeing the baby get removed from their body, they almost always feel immediate regret. Seeing a dead baby the size of the palm of the doctor’s hand catches mothers off guard and traumatizes them and it should. Studies show that most women wish that they had known more about abortion before they got one (considering abortion). So, even though there are physical risks to abortion, the mental risks are the most harmful.

During the second trimester, a method is used called Dilation and Evacuation (D&E). During D&E, a forceps is used to take out larger pieces of the child, while a curette scrapes the smaller tissues out. Following this, a vacuum extracts any remaining pieces of the child. During the third trimester, a (now outlawed in most states) procedure is performed called “Partial Birth Abortion” During partial birth abortion, the child is partially delivered, and the skull is subsequently crushed or drilled into, thus killing the child.

It is easy to see that the medical abilities and tools we had 50 years ago are nothing in comparison to what we have today. Among these advances has been the extent to which we can prevent illness and disability. Fetal surgery first emerged in the 1980’s by Dr Michael Harrison aka “the father of fetal surgery,” when he decided to look into ways doctors could fix certain defects before birth to avoid their inevitable, devastating consequences. It has since expanded its practice to a number of hospitals across the country, although it is still an uncommon procedure. It involves opening up the mother 's uterus (just as a doctor would during a caesarean section) so that the fetus is exposed as much as needed to be operated on. The fetus is then put back and the uterus is closed until it is time for the mother to go into labor. The fetus is never detached from the mother and is essentially being operated on while inside the womb (Smajdor). While it may seem like a positive life changing procedure, there are many perspectives out there that support

Delivering vaginally in any if these cases would be very difficult and dangerous not just for the mother, but also for the baby. However, cesarean delivery is not always chosen in advance, it is also used in emergency situations and during difficult deliveries where it may be the safest option about 10 to 15% of women develop problems that lead to cesarean birth (Lenox Hill Hospital, 1)

Aborting a baby is a medical procedure that can have many risks and complications, such as an infection, a botched abortion, and/or infertility. The abortion procedure during the third trimester is called a partial birth abortion. During a partial abortion the medical practitioner who is performing the abortion begins by drawing the babies feet into the birthing canal. The medical practitioner purposely leaves the babies head embedded in the mother's cervix. Once the baby's head is in the cervix, the medical practitioner punctures the babies skull with a trocar. After the baby’s head is punctured, a catheter is inserted into the opening. Once the catheter is in place, it uses a powerful suction machine to remove the baby’s brain. After the baby’s brain is removed, his/her skull collapses and then the medical practitioner removes the lifeless baby from the mother's womb. The baby is removed in bits and pieces and is then discarded.

I believe expecting mothers need to seek guidance from their doctor on whether or not she should have a vaginal birth, or follow through with a "Elective" C-Section. I feel like women are so concerned about their rights, and though our female rights are important, I also feel that we need to seek guidance from those that are medically trained to see what they think is going to be best for the mother as well as the child. If the doctor feels that the mother and the child will be okay with proceeding with an "Elective" C-Section, I think it is so important (more important than the doctor's opinion) to seek our Heavenly Father's will. Our will might not always be His will, and it is important that we come before Him in all things in order for

In depth discussion of planned and emergency C/S deliveries were also discussed. Planned C/S births were defined as “breech presentation, multiple pregnancy, preterm birth, small for gestational age, placenta praevia, morbidly adherent placenta, cephalopelvic disproportion in labor, mother-to-child transmission of maternal infection, Hepatitis B and C viruses, Herpes, and maternal request for C/S birth was outlined” (National Guideline Clearinghouse, 2011). An in-depth outline of anesthesia and surgical techniques followed. It seems that this source addressed nearly every type of C/S birth technique, including “method of placental removal, exteriorization of the uterus, closure of the uterus, peritoneum, abdominal wall, and subcutaneous tissue, use of superficial wound drains, closure of skin, and even timing of antibiotic administration and thromboprophylaxis for C/S births. Care of the woman after C/S surgery, routine monitoring, pain management, eating and drinking after surgery, and removing the urinary catheter after C/S surgeries was also discussed(National Guideline Clearinghouse, 2011)”. There is even a benefits/harms section that looks at potential risks and successes of C/S deliveries. The National Guidelines Clearinghouse

This usually occurs during the second or third trimester. The cervix is dilated for the entry of surgical forceps (AbortionTV). The fetus is partly pulled though the vagina in a breech style. The legs of the fetus are hanging out of the womb. The doctor forces the scissors into the back of the head and spreads the scissors to increase the wound size. A suction cup is held over the fetus’s head as the brains are sucked out (AbortionTV). The body is removed and the womb is cleaned of any other birthing particles. The partial abortion procedure can have fatal side effects such as infection of the cervix, excessive bleeding of the womb, chances for the mother to be fertile decreases, and causes scarring of the uterine wall. Medical experts thought the fetus couldn’t feel the pain of the scissors going through its head but, they were wrong. Studies show that it can feel the pain three to five times more than an adult that would experience it (AbortionTV). The tiny fetus’s are sedated and numbed up so the won’t feel the intense pain.

monitor fetal heartbeat. In the first stage of labor , the neck of the uterus,

There are other complications that are not life threatening but are still dangerous to the mother’s health. One example is uterine perforation, occurring when the abortionist misses the child with his knife and cuts the mother’s uterus. This may cause hemorrhaging and complications in childbirth later on. The uterus now cannot hold a child and may rip; causing problems in birth that may lead to the death of the child. Prominent damage to the uterus may require a hysterectomy (“A List of Major Physical Sequelae Related to Abortion”). Another complication is cervical lacrations, which are the tearing of the cervix. These are prominent in childbirth also. These lacerations cause major hemorrhaging and may result in cervical incompetence, premature delivery, and complications of labor (“A List of Major Physical Sequelae Related to Abortion”). Cervical incompetence causes miscarriages. Another complication is placenta previa, which is the “abnormal development of the placenta due to uterine damage” (“A List of Major Physical Sequelae Related to Abortion”). This