CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE The review of literature has been classified under three broad

Creative thinking is described as being intuitive, being creative and visual; and discovering new ideas. Creative thinking asks questions such as why? What if? What else? In creative thinking, a person can envision potential ideas and alternatives as an approach to problem solving. According to Simpson and Courtney (2002), creative thinking is of its greatest value when known solutions have failed and change has not occurred.

Review the scholarly literature within the field of your program specialization related to your proposed (or School-approved) dissertation topic. Analyze the reviewed literature to determine what is already known about your proposed (or School-approved) dissertation topic and what remains unknown. Synthesize your findings and evaluate how a study on your proposed (or School-approved) dissertation topic could be designed to advance the scholarly research in this area while maintaining ethical research requirements.

Creative learning is about how children are actively involved in their own learning and ability to make choices and decisions. This can be achieved through providing a creative environment allowing exploration through play and praising creative efforts. Creativity is about risk taking and making connections, allowing children to

Creative Problem Solving(CPS) is the process through which problems can be solved and opportunities can be found when one goes beyond the conventional thinking and initially arrives at the concept of creativity.

Problem-solving involves decision-making is important in Management and leadership.my job at Merseyside police on the CSI team involves a lot of problem-solving and decision-making. Well me are called out to investigate a crime scene taking samples such as DNA and other types of forensic evidence we have to decide if the evidence is relevant to hopefully catch the perpetrators and get a successful conviction. Making a good decision requires a combination of skills, clarity of judgement which is important in my job role. We recently had a meeting regarding problem solving and we identified seven steps to solve problems effectively.

Challenges are all around us. Sometimes we face easy challenges and other times we face difficult challenges. In order to solve a problem, regardless of its level of difficulty, one must think critically and creatively in order to develop a satisfactory solution. As we try to solve the problems of our daily lives, it is important to examine any and all ideas. From the most mundane to the most radical, it is a healthy activity to express all ideas and do the filtering later. This paper will attempt to discuss and solve a problem I have some personal experience with. “It is one thing to have thinking skills and quite another to use them in everyday situations”

Roland Barthes once said “Literature is the question minus the answer.” This means that there is no real answer to literature, there are just the questions. This is designed so you can incorporate and have different ideas about literature instead of there being a definite answer to what everything means. Shakespeare for example uses a certain language and his writings require you to think about what's happening and why he worded it the way he did. Other books such as the Invisible Man has a different meaning to the quote. At first I thought that this quote was referring to racism, but it was so much more than that. This quote is saying that there is no answer to life. There are just a bunch of questions followed by decisions but there is no

Creativity is often more about the process rather than the end project, it is useful for many reasons:

During the course of her two-year journey as a fellow student part of the Management and Leadership (Healthcare Concentration) Bachelor of Arts program, the power of thinking outside of the box has greatly contributed to how Ms. Sams thinks creatively to solve problems and making sound logical decision that positively affects the well-being of an organizational environment. First, thinking creatively to solve problems begins with having an open mind to find solutions to challenging issues facing the organization. In addition, by thinking creatively when solving problems also involves a collaboration effort from both management and employees.

Overcoming such obstacles require a release from this state of mental fixation. Divergent thinking, which is closely associated with creativity and the ability to conjure a multitude of potential solutions, can be enhanced through the use of analogical thinking. Analogical thinking or problem solving, being understood as the use of like problems solutions in guiding solutions of new problems (Goldstein, 2010). There are two basic processes with the understanding of problem solving, mental set being one and insight being the other.

The topic of valuation of early-stage companies, patents, and technologies have been a topic of study since the late 1980’s. Since the work published by Amit et al (1990) a body of management science literature was published around the value relevance of non-financial information that quantifies the human capital of the founding team. Amit et al posit that

Creative or innovative thinking is the kind of thinking that leads to new insights, novel approaches, fresh perspectives, and whole new ways of understanding and conceiving things. Creative thinking in not a mysterious gift, nor does it have to be outlandish. It is not reserved for senior officers; all leaders should think creatively.2

I love to express my creativity through innovative thinking. Through the lens of creativity, I often envision more efficient solutions than would otherwise be derived following a canned approach. I enjoy solving a wide array of problems, from specialized applications like designing a Rube Goldberg machine to more complex issues such as curbing air pollution.

Problem solving is a universal process that allows us to make decisions on everything from what to eat and what to wear. These steps contain the necessary knowledge that has been constructed through previous life experiences. Without sufficient experience the supports designed to strengthen our choices are weakened ending in the ultimate failure of the problem.

Research by Charlene J. Nemeth found that minority views can stimulate consideration of non-obvious alternatives in task groups. Nemeth found that the "minority" groups adopted multiple strategies and identified more solutions than the "majority" groups. She concluded that the groups exposed to minority views were more creative than the more homogeneous, majority groups. She further concluded that persistent exposure to minority viewpoints stimulates creative thought processes. Another experiment compared the creativity of teams that were homogeneous on a series of attitude measures against teams with heterogeneous attitudes. Problem solution creativity was judged on originality and practicality. Results indicated that as long as the team members had similar ability levels, the heterogeneous teams were more creative than the homogeneous ones. If