COPD

Figure 1: Disease condition & Pathophysiology: Here is a flow chart to clearly express the Pathophysiology of COPD: Figure 2: According to the Australian Nurses’ Dictionary (King, J, et.al, 2012) COPD is defined as “A combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema in which there is disruption of air flow into or out of the lungs. Dyspnoea, wheezing and cough predominate, often made worse by any exertion or pollution in any environment. Patients may be severely disabled and require oxygen for long periods of time.” The most common cause of COPD is chronic cigarette smoking, although only 25% of smokers will develop COPD of a moderate severity. Others may develop COPD as a result of a normal decline in lung function as age progresses, these patients may suffer airflow obstruction without abnormal inflammatory changes. The airflow limitation results in three different pathological mechanisms: thickening of small airways, emphysema and luminal obstruction with mucus and plasma exudate.

Some of the symptoms of COPD are similar to the symptoms of other diseases and conditions.

Chronic bronchitis, emphysema and chronic asthma are the main three conditions that make up COPD. Emphysema causes

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE Have you ever known a person who smokes and has a hard time doing every day activities, due to difficulty of breath, or constantly coughing. He or she may have Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD. COPD is a progressive and treatable lung disease

Pathophysiology and Education COPD is the continued tightening of the airways, causing a blockage to the airflow to the lungs, which causes shortness of breath. It chiefly comprises of emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Both are typically caused by smoking, or less frequently, by work-related exposure to dusts or

COPD affects the Cardiovascular System. COPD is almost always caused by smoking, or second hand smoke. The tobacco smoke irritates the airways and destroys the fibers in the lungs. Breathing in chemical fumes, dust, or air pollution over a long period of time may also cause it. It usually takes a long time for the lung damage to start causing symptoms, so COPD is most come in people who are older than 60.

COPD- Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease COPD is a disease that depletes a person of air. This disease is the fourth top cause of death in the United States. COPD describes several lung diseases including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, refractory asthma, and other forms of bronchiectasis. There is no average case, as every case is different from the next. This disease is long term but treatable.

• COPD is a heterogeneous disease with varying risk factors that may impact airflow differently3 o o Cigarette smoking is the most common cause, but air pollution and asthma can also cause COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, commonly known as COPD, is a collection of lung conditions or diseases that, all together, block the flow of air into the lungs. This condition makes it hard for the patient have dyspnea, anoxia, or eventually apnea. COPD usually starts off small and gradually gets worse and worse over time, hints chronic in its name. Because it starts off small there are many people who have this disease but do not know it until it is further along and worse. This disease is very common for both smokers and nonsmokers and is a bigger threat to our health than most people think. < Victor >< MacGill >

Patient Information: L.J., 65 y/o Hispanic male. CC: Increased shortness of breath that has worsened over the last months. HPI: Pt presents with c/o increased SOB that has worsen over the last few months. Chronic cough that is occasionally productive with whitish sputum. Hinders his ADLs. Physical Exam Vital signs: BP 138/88; HR 88 (regular),

COPD is an irreversible progressive lung disease that makes it harder for people to breath. According to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (2015), COPD is the third leading cause of death in the United States.

COPD can create for quite a long time without perceptible shortness of breath. You start to see the indications in the more created phases of the infection. That is the reason it is imperative that you converse with your specialist when you see any of these manifestations.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to a recurring illness of the respiratory system that makes it difficult to breathe by restricting the flow of air in and out of the lungs. COPD includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung conditions.

flu, asthma, etc. Usually COPD symptoms include the following: * An ongoing cough, or a cough with significant amounts of increased mucus production ( this is often called "smoker's cough")

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease in which less air can flow in and out of the lungs. COPD has two main causes; emphysema and chronic bronchitis, and most patients have elements of both and in some cases asthma. Emphysema is a disease in which the