Caliphate of Umar II

The three Islamic Empires known as the Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, and Mughul Empire all three had different degrees of religious diversity during the 16th and 18th centuries. The rulers for all three Islamic Empires allowed different forms of religious tolerance. Some of the ways in which the rulers allowed religious tolerance resulted in well expanded and thriving empires. The Ottoman Empire was considered very religiously tolerant while the Safavid Empire was not religiously tolerant and the Mughul Empire had some religiously tolerant rulers and some non-religiously tolerant rulers.

At first, the history of Islam is connected to Mohamed’s life. Mohamed was born in to a wealthy merchant Clan, which is now Saudi Arabia. On the other hand Muslims thought Islam began with God. Mohamed was raised by his uncle, because his parents and grandparents passed away. Mohamed lived the life of a Quryash Merchant then later married a girl by the name of Khadija. Mohamed started hearing voices and though he was going mad. But Khadija thought differently and told Mohamed that he was the chosen one. Mohamed searched for the true faith of Judaism and Christianity. Mohamed isolated himself in to the mountains near Mecca for retreat and mediation. Gabriel the Angel told Mohamed to recite the Koran. The Koran was only originally recited and not written down in one volume until after Mohamed’s death. This has brought controversy over the authentic composition. Mohamed’s wife was the first to convert.

). They are in charge of the finance, which would have been thought impossible and inappropriate before liberation.

The decline of the Abbasids was not a steady of rapid series of events. There were numerous revivals of the Caliphate in which certain strong Caliphs gained more control and influence over the Islamic world than their predecessors had had. However at no point after the death of Harun al-Rahid (reigned 786-809) was the Caliphate ever as powerful. This period is regarded as the Golden Age of the Abbasid Caliphate and was followed immediately by civil war between his sons. Harun’s two sons were called Al-Amin and Al-Mamun. Al-Amin was the elder and was nominated as the heir to the Caliphate. However Al-Mamun, who was the effective governor of the eastern provinces was ambitious. He was spurred towards seizing the Caliphate for

The Abbasid caliphate was the empire of the golden age in the Islamic culture. This dynasty ruled the Islamic caliphate for a very long time, which made it one of the most influential dynasties. Since it ruled the Islamic empire for a very long time it became the largest empire in the world which helped it have contact with neighboring places like China, India, and the Byzantine empire which helped majorly with cultural diffusion. But, in what ways would the Abbasid caliphate be considered a golden age throughout the dynasties in Islam?

Mansa Musa and his masses of men journeyed through barren, scorching deserts, unfamiliar cities, and trekked thousands of miles to reach the birthplace of Islam, the city of Mecca. Mansa Musa was Muslim and on his hajj, or a religious pilgrimage to the city of Mecca. Although this religious aspect might have been a primary factor to Mansa Musa's travels through Africa, his venture was not purely for religious reasons. Mansa Musa had many motivating factors to travel through Africa to Mecca. One reason was Mansa Musa could put Mali on the map through his journey.

One journey, thousands of pounds of gold, thousands of slaves and servants, a hundred camels, and one man spread the Islamic religion for a hajj of four thousand miles. The journey of Mansa Musa was a famous trip that stretched from the ancient city of Mali to Mecca, the birthplace of Islam. Mansa Musa, a rich, prosperous man who took advantage of situations to benefit himself, not only wanted to spread Islam throughout his hajj, but to show off his wealth, to give compulsorily, and accumulate trade partners.

Therefore, the ali’i did not have any way of making money (Borreca). Those are two reasons why the Mahele of 1848 was established, which was to get Hawaii back working economically,

After Muhammad’s death in 632, the question was who’d be the caliph? Muhammad’s successors,the four caliphs, were chosen by a group in the Muslim community, the elders, to carry out the leadership of Islam. This only lasted for the four caliphates though; after that, it was the Abbasid dynasty where the next ruler is related to the current.When Abu Bakr was chosen and made the first caliph, from 632 to 634 CE, some people didn’t agree. The choice was disputed by some of Muhammad's companions, who believed that Ali, his cousin and son-in-law, had been designated Muhammad’s successor, because Ali was Muhammad’s first follower. The first 4 caliphs were chosen by the elders, but after that were dynasties because the caliphate system brought disagreements about who was to inherit the position and brought about political battle for power. Some people disagreed with the caliph, others thought they were better and they should be the caliph, or it should be their son. With people

Abbé Busoni- he used to gain the trust of the people to investigate what happened when he was gone.

In the past, the government

In 1964 Malcolm made is own religious organization since he didn’t like what Muhammad did. His group was the “Muslim Mosque, Inc. In that same year he went to Mecca. This was the first time

caliphs and it is acknowledge to be an influential period in Islamic history. The founder of

Ibn Battuta was welcomed by a vast number of generous rulers throughout his journeys. When he arrived in Hali, he was

Throughout the next fifty years, under the reign of Ibn Saud and his descendents, Saudi Arabia grew wealthier as a nation, while striving to keep its Islamic values at the same time. In 1982, King Fahd came to the throne. He sought to maintain Saudi Arabia traditional Islamic values, while he also strived to create more globally