Cancer Genomics And Genetics, Biot 640 Group 3

Inherited genetic mutations play a major role in about 5 to 10 percent of all cancers.

Compare and contrast tumour suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes. Discuss an example of how recent advances in our understanding of these genes have led to the development of a novel therapy that is being used in the treatment of human cancer.

As we know, everyone one has a unique gene sequence. Personalized medicine is helping us to understand disease characteristics at the gene level and create better treatments programs by studying our genetic profile. A web writer at the American Society for Clinical Pathology John Sarver (2013) says: “The

I abruptly sat up in my bed, coughing and gasping for air. All around me was darkness and silence. I remember being terrified as I tried to scream out to my parents. Luckily, my parents had awoken to my coughing and were able to rush me to the ER. Reliving this experience has been my greatest fear. For years my asthma and allergies were not under control. I was on multiple medications, and saw little to no relief. Little did my parents know that it was not the medication, but the way we were using the medication. This was an important lesson in the need to understand how to properly use medication. This is something that can be achieved through a pharmacist, which is why profession is an important part of society. The role of a pharmacist consists

Genomic research has shown that the presence of certain gene alterations/mutations can reliably predict the likelihood of clinical benefit using agents that inhibit the expression of defective genes responsible for carcinogenesis or DNA repair. Relevant to this case, is the demonstration of an altered ATM gene that appears to predict the sensitivity to PARP inhibitors, such as olaparib. Clinical responses have demonstrated in at least one clinical trial. 1 Olaparib has been granted “Breakthrough Therapy” designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer harboring an ATM gene mutation. Based on similar data, olaparib has already received FDA-approval for use in treating metastatic ovarian cancer in patients having a BRCA 1/2 mutation. The benefit of “Breakthrough Therapy” designation is to expedite development of

In America today finding a cure for cancer is a huge priority with clinical trails being a big part in these goal there are some newly developed drugs and technology that are making a huge impact in the cancer world.

The research took place at Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania. The research was funded by the institute, Save the Tasmanian Devil Program, Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and the Environment. Some departments also contributed in the research and the funding including, Department of Cytogenetics, Royal Hobart Hospital, Mount Pleasant Laboratories, Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and the Environment, Centre for Biological Science, University of Southampton and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania.

Recently, a lot of research is being done involving tumor suppression genes and cancer. Scientists have been testing tumor suppression genes in gene therapy experiments. In these experiments the tumor suppression genes are injected into cancer cells and tumors. These genes are able to causes the cancer cell to die via apoptosis. Though it has yet to become a treatment for cancer, the future looks promising using this method.

So this question baffles me to the point that I couldn't even begin to answer it till now, though I thought it was Thursday, not Friday....whoops. So this question is baffling probably because I don't see how sociological imagination plays into this, as its very nature is scientific. So the BRCA1 and 2 gene mutations were found, and scientist believe (I'm guessing this is key to looking at it with sociological imagination? When really what's to come is not sociological imagination so much as healthy skepticism.) that they help prevent breast cancer by preventing the degradation of DNA, to which cancer is a rapid and uncontrolled process involving the altering of cell DNA. So how could the gene mutations/genetic markers that predict cancer now

In the last decade, cancer has been on the headline almost every day regarding on how deadly cancer could be. Cancer posed a threat not only in modern society, but also in the past. It has become a leading cause of death globally and is responsible for six million death in average, which accounts for 12% of deaths every year (Pasupathi, et.al., 2011). Scientists had discovered various method of treating the cancer, but they have both pros and cons on the patient. Genome editing, CRISPRs, is the bottleneck technology that is proven to have the potential to treat cancer, specifically adenocarcinoma. This research paper will focus on knowledge of cancer in the past and compared to the modern era, the cause of cancer, the available cancer treatment, and lastly the CRISPRs technology.

DNA changes of a cell (it’s process) determines an Cancer molecular. The connections between clinical outcomes and therapeutic applications play major roles. This takes part in determining the certain drugs authorized for personalized medicine.

Prognostic biomarkers predict the natural course of the cancer to distinguish the tumor’s outcome. They also help determine whom to treat, how aggressively to treat, which candidates will likely respond to a given drug, and the most effective dose. Predictive biomarkers evaluate the probable benefit of a particular treatment. Pharmacodynamic biomarkers assess the imminent treatment effects of a drug on a tumor and can possibly determine the proper dosage in the early stages of clinical development of a new anticancer drug [11]. Identification of disease-specific molecular biomarkers is a rational approach to addressing current clinical challenges of whom to biopsy, whom to offer certain interventional therapies, in whom to alter therapeutic strategies, and in whom to follow up treatment outcome [12, 13].

Cancer is very complex and different throughout every person. Throughout the years there has been advancements in science and technology toward a more personalized approach, trying to understand the causes and treatments best for each patient’s cancer. Through the launch of Precision Medicine Initiative researchers, doctors, pharmaceutical companies, government agencies and more will come together in the efforts of introducing personalized medicine.

In the prologue, neoplastic diseases (tumors and cancers) have the long-lasting history since the first evidence of cancers has been reportedly recognized in the bone fossil of Egyptian ancient, as the presumptive osteosarcoma (Strayer and Rubin, 2012).

Many people assume to have cancer there needs to be a diagnosis, but what if cancer lives in everyone? Hypothetically, but almost literally cancer is like a car crash considering the body works like the gas pedal controlling the speed of cell division although sometimes “cancer cuts the brake lines” causing cells to divide too quickly ultimately the crash happens without the possibility of stopping it (Windelspecht). Basically the body has the control to cause cancer to form. Michael Windelspecht in her TED Talk titled, “The Cancer Gene We All Have,” reports the body having genetic mechanisms to control cell division such as, BRCA1 also known as the breast cancer susceptibility gene 1. BRCA1 belongs to tumor suppressor genes that helps repair some mutations, unfortunately some mechanisms work better than others causing some individuals to be diagnosed with cancer and others not to be. Cancer is a genetic mutation although anyone could get diagnosed.