Canopic Ears In Ancient Egypt

The Process of Mummification The earliest ancient Egyptians buried their dead in small pits in the

Ancient Egyptian embalming was a very sacred process performed by experienced embalmers. Ancient Egyptians used to bury the deceased underground, but because of that they decayed faster in a coffin when they aren’t exposed to the hot sand of the desert. That is how they developed the process of embalming to preserve the bodies.

The Egyptians also worried very much about the after life and made many preparations before the afterlife. There graves were very important to them, and they also did much to keep them from decaying after they passed. That is why they had the idea of mummification to allow them to not decay long after they passed. We also pay a lot of money to allow us to keep from decaying on our burials and the coffins.

Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece both believed in life after death, though the process in which they follow that belief differ greatly. The Greeks believed that at the moment of death the spirit leaves the body in the form of a little gust of wind or a puff of breath. The Greeks believed in proper burial rights that were performed in three parts, and the relatives mostly women are the ones that conduct these rituals for the deceased. Much like the modern world these rituals consist of the first step; laying out the body to be dressed, the second funeral procession, and the third step was the cremation of the body. Unlike the Greeks the Egyptians developed a process in which they prepared and preserved the dead for the afterlife, known as mummification. This process is believed to have been the purpose of the Egyptians famous pyramids, believed to be the stairs that would lead the Pharaohs to their kingdom in the afterlife. Artifacts are buried in their tombs such as gold, wine, and sculptures to accompany the dead in life after death.

The tombs had two main functions. The first function was a place that provided an eternal resting place in which the body could lay protected from thieves and scavengers. The second function of the tomb was a place where cults and ritual acts could be performed to ensure eternal life (Taylor, 2001:136). The body of the person was buried along with their belongings in the tomb to ensure the individual had all the proper materials needed for the afterlife. The Egyptians usually did this because “Tombs were constructed to mirror aspects of the afterlife” (Olson, 2009). These tombs were not only a place where bodies of a deceased lay; it was also a place where rituals would take place. One ritual that was done on the bodies was the ‘Opening of the Mouth’. This was a burial ritual that “accompanied the placement of funerary goods in a tomb- and was a necessary step in the deceased’s rebirth” (Olson, 2009). One very important service that had to be done was the mummification process in which the removal of organs

This jar have yei’ii design and is at 8 ¾ tall and 8” wide at the handle. This is one of the Faye Tso’s pottery that have won the Second Prize in 1993 during the Museum of Northern Arizona Navajo Artiests Exhibition. This pieces and with other large pieces of pottery like the vase with yei’iis and human figure and the water jar with horned toads. These clay sculpture were made by Myra Tso, Faye’s daughter and it was to honor her grandfather, who sang and prayed for her. The design of horned toads on the pottery are very special because the toads was use in a ritual for praying. All ritual and ceremonies are essential parts of the Navajo way as well as sand painting art that was inspired by those that created ceremony. The dust from gold, diamonds,

Funerary customs are practises and beliefs that the Ancient Egyptians used to respect their dead, and preserve their bodies in preparation for the afterlife which was a universe that mirrored their life on Earth, where they would live with the Gods in eternal Egypt. The body of the deceased could be mummified, which was where a body is dried, packed with minerals and wrapped in linen cloths, whereas another form would be embalming which is the use of salts and spices to preserve a body and took 70 days in total. However, there were many tests and dangers on the way to the afterlife, including fire-filled lakes, poisonous snakes and executioners. Because of this, there were many ceremonies and tests to see if the deceased person was worthy of the Afterlife. Such as the opening of the mouth ceremony which was when a priest touched parts of the deceased body at a funeral in order for the

The origin of these organs concern people on both a medical and moral level. In a

The Egyptian during this time used the coffin to house the dead person’s body, as it was believed that only after

This vase could have been used as a container for water or wine and perhaps as a drinking vessel.

The Herakles and the Erymanthian Boar is a neck amphora. Neck amphorae were characterized as storage jars with necks narrower than the body. They were used for storing and transporting wine and oil. (Encyclopedia Britannica) At the top of the amphorae were circular openings, or mouths, in which the wine or oil was poured or drained. Herakles and the Erymanthian Boar is a terracotta jar with a black circular mouth which leads to the neck. On the neck, there is a repetitive black floral design which stands out well against the color of the reddish terracotta background.

The Greek Storage Jar (Amphora) depicting man and boy was created around 550-540 BCE. It was found in Ancient Greece. The amphora storage jar is made out of terracotta and it is eleven inches in height. Then it was painted on with black and brown paint. This jars colors are used to create contrast, the lines are used to unify it, the shapes on the object are the most important part of the image and patterns are used on the jar to help fill the space on the jar. Therefore colors are used to create contrast.

It is uncertain if the Etruscans prized the container as a luxury vase for the commodity that was shipped inside. Possibly they consumed the grain, wine or olive oil cleaned it and used as decoration (Martin 75-241). The amphora during the Classical and Hellenistic periods held about five gallons; however, they varied in size depending on the commodity being held. They were fabricated so they could be arranged upright on ships and horizontally by the end user. There was a plethora of amphora handles found in archeological sites, at least 130,000 in Athens and Alexandria. This quantity validates how ubiquitous they were in the ancient world, and how common in daily life they became (“Ancient” Garland). According to Stokstad and Cothren, to create a black-figure vase an artist follows this technique, “apply a slip to the surface of the pot and carefully manipulate the firing process in a kiln to control the amount of oxygen reaching the ceramics. This firing process involved three stages. In the first stage, oxygen was allowed into the kiln, which fixed the whole vessel in one overall shade of red depending on the composition of the clay. Then, in the reduction stage, the oxygen in the kiln was reduced to the minimum, turning the vessel black, and the temperature was raised to the point at which the slip partially became glasslike.

pletely symmetrical, its outer form being a large circle and nearing the center that circle is repeated at the neck and lip of the jar. Looking into the jar from above you see a dark hole due to its closed off form hiding most light from the inside. Inside you also see the red color of the jar meaning that it form was created using red clay soil, a popular building material at the time due to it being indigenous to the region.

form of a bird usually a falcon and fly around in the world of the living