Capital Budgeting, Budgeting and Working Capital Strategies

This mini-case provides a review of the methodology and rationale associated with the various capital budgeting evaluation methods such as payback period, discounted payback period, NPV, IRR, MIRR,

This course applies corporate finance concepts to make management decisions. Students learn methods to evaluate financial alternatives and create financial plans. Other topics include cash flows, business valuation, working capital, capital budgets, and long-term financing.

There are different types of budgeting that businesses typically use and those include Operating budgets, Capital Budgets and there are many subtypes that exist because a budget can also be created for special events, the recruitment and retention of new staff, and to manage the advertising expenses and return on investments for a business (Demand Media, 1999-2012). According to Demand Media (1999-2012), "An operating budget outlines the total operating expenses and income for the organization, typically for the period of a fiscal year. Capital budgets evaluate the investments and assets of the business, and a cash budget shows the predicted cash flow in and out of the business over a period of time” (para.2 ). According to the Cost-Benefit Analysis (2012), “Capital budgeting has at its core the tool of cost-benefit analysis; it merely extends the basic form into a multi-period analysis, with consideration of the time value of money. In this context, a new product, venture, or investment is evaluated on a start-to-finish basis, with care taken to capture all the impacts on the company, both cost and benefits. When these inputs and outputs are quantified by year, they can then be discounted to present value to determine the net present value of the opportunity at the time of the decision” ("Cost-Benefit Analysis," 2012).

Capital planning and budgeting is a very vital piece in the Public Budgeting System process. It is an essential implement in the financial management practice and is effective in both public and private organizations. It is the method which consists of the determination and the evaluation of the investments and the possible expenses by an organization. As explicate by Lee, Johnson, & Joyce (2008), capital budgets help in determining how much of each form of investment is needed, and it supports an organization in assessing the available revenue which includes loans is required to finance those investments (p. 475). Capital budgeting is a central part of the universal

As a result, to promote the financial health of any organization one should know the present value of the investment and have a good ideal of how long that investment will take to mature and give back returns. In order to create a capital budget I have to consider the needs of the organization, look at the finances, goals, and position that the business is. In doing I could make a decision about the needs of that business. Second, I would have to collect, compare, analyze, and evaluate the cash and financial statements in order to compare the cost and revenue. It would give me some lead way into the position of the business when it moves forward to the future. Third, the capital budget would have to be compared to the cash flow, because it will help me to know how important it is to make the investment only if it increases the financial bottom line and increase the total financial performance of the business. I can use the

* The various decisions taken to formulate the plan and the reasons for those decisions.

Capital budgeting is the process of assessing the profitability of future business projects, such as starting a new product or service line, in context of a business's resources and return requirements. This type of analysis is vital for small businesses, since choosing the right business opportunity (Cromwell, 2014). Under capital budgeting, you calculate the WACC for your business and the IRR for the project, and if the IRR is greater than the WACC, it is a profitable project you should pursue.

Capital budgeting is the decision process that managers use to identify those projects that add value to the firm’s value, and as such it is perhaps the most important task faced by financial managers and their staff. The process of evaluating projects is critical for a firm’s success. Capital budgeting is

In this assignment you will demonstrate your understanding of capital investment techniques by evaluating the following three case studies.

When making capital budgeting decisions, there are various techniques that can be utilised. Ross et al. (2008) describes that the predominant capital budgeting methods used as being the Net Present value (NPV) method, the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) method, the Payback method, and the Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) method. Conversely, Brealey, Myers and Allen (2011) proposes that the NPV and IRR methods are considered prestige compared to the ARR and the Payback Methods, as they take into account the time value of money. Thus, the following project evaluation will focus on using the NPV and IRR methods.

Capital budgeting is the most important management tool that enables managers of the organization to select the investment option that yields comprehensive cash flows and rate of return. For managers availability of capital whether in form of debt or equity is very limited and thus it become imperative for them to invest their limited and most important resource in perfect option that could prove to beneficial for the organization in the long run (Hickman et al, 2013). However, while using capital budgeting tool managers must understand its quantitative and qualitative considerations that are discussed below.

This article mainly discusses the cost of capital, the required return necessary to make a capital budgeting project worthwhile. Cost of capital includes the cost of debt and the cost of equity. Theorist conclude that the cost of capital to the owners of a firm is simply the rate of interest on bonds.

Project appraisal techniques are used to evaluate possible investment opportunities and to determine which of these opportunities will generate the best return to the firm’s shareholders. Therefore, it is vital for the firm if they wish to continue receiving funds from shareholders to employ the best techniques available when analysing which investment opportunities will give the best return. There are two types of project appraisal techniques: non-discounted cash flows and discounted cash flows. The Net Present Value and internal rate of return, examples of discounted cash flows, are in use in many large corporations and regarded as more effective than the traditional techniques of payback and accounting rate of return. In this paper, I

Charles T.Horngreen has defined capital budgeting as “Capital Budgeting is long term planning for making and financing proposed capital outlays.” In the words of Lynch, “Capital Budgeting is concerned with planning and development of available capital for the purpose of maximizing the long term profitability of the concern.”

The third chapter is allocated to discuss the methodology and conceptualization of the study in detail. That is research problem will be conceptualized based on the literature review. Hypotheses are formulated according to the conceptual model and literature review. Next operationlalization, data collection techniques and method of analyzing impact of working capital management on the profitability of trading firms.