Cardiopulmonary Exercise Stress Test

Introduction: In this experiment, cardiovascular fitness is being determined by measuring how long it takes for the test subjects' to return to their resting heart rate. Cardiovascular fitness is the ability to "transport and use oxygen while exercising" (Dale 2015). Cardiovascular fitness utilizes the "heart, lungs, muscles, and blood working together" while exercising (Dale 2015). It is also how well your body can last during moderate to high intensity cardio for long periods of time (Waehner 2016). The hypothesis is that people who exercise for three or more days will return to their resting heart rate much faster than people who only exercise for less than three days.

No. MRI uses a powerful magnet in conjunction with radio frequency waves to generate images of your internal organs and structures.

Stress Test: Provides EKG data changes during exercise and this warrants the need for further intervention (McConaghy & Oza, 2013).

During rest or normal physical activity muscles use glucose and break it down to CO2 and H2O to give ATPs (energy) to the muscles to work. This reaction requires oxygen which comes from the blood. Therefore your heart constantly requires to pump oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body muscles and carry back the CO2. the independent variable would be exercise, leaving the heart rate as the dependent variable; thus it is the one that it affected. This lab was to fully understand how the heart is affected by exercise.During exercises, more ATPs are required and hence more glucose is broken down, therefore more oxygen is required. therefore the heart needs to pump oxygenated blood into the muscles faster and Therefore the heart rate increases.

“Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery is a widely used surgical procedure for the relief of symptoms of Coronary Artery Disease” (Bagielia, Connerney, McLaughlin, Shapiro, & Sloan, 2001, p. 1766). Coronary Artery Disease is the narrowing of the blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscles. The buildup of fatty material within the walls of the arteries causes cardiac diseases (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery,, 2010) .To resolve this issue, surgeons take veins and arteries from elsewhere in the patient’s body. Then, surgeons graft the veins and arteries to the coronary arteries to bypass the atherosclerotic narrowing and improve the blood supply to the heart muscles (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery,, 2010). This procedure increases the blood flow to the heart by giving the blood a new route around the diseased or clogged artery (Bagielia, Connerney, McLaughlin, Shapiro, & Sloan, 2001).

Breathing is known as ventilation; and the act of hyperventilation is over-breathing or taking more breaths in per minute than the normal rate. Hyperventilating is a demonstration of a person’s breathing control center, however it causes stress to a person’s body (Campbell et al, 2006). Blood picks up oxygen as it travels and when exercise is introduced the rate of respiration increases to introduce more blood to the oxygen, keeping up with a person’s lungs. The body still taking in breaths at a higher pace than normal, has a different effect on the respiratory rate and system than the act of hyperventilation. Hyperventilation is less controlled, which is the cause of damage due to rapid breathing that purges the blood of so much CO2 that the control center temporarily ceases to send signals to the rib muscles and diaphragm; breathing continues when the CO2 levels increase enough to switch the breathing center back on (Simon et al, 2006).

What is the reason for the test: It is a type of ventilator. A device that helps with breathing.

“The usual clinical manifestation of heart failure is left ventricular dysfunction that occurs after some index event, such as myocardial infarction” (Chapa et al., 2014, p. 16). With the aging adults, like S.P., we have to be concern when they have presenting signs of heart failure, especially if they have not been diagnosed with one. Questions I may have to ask S.P. are what time of the day her fatigue and swollen ankles are worse. This is to determine if her fatigue and edema are cardiac related. Cardiac related fatigue is “worse in the evening, whereas fatigue from anxiety or depression occurs all day or is worse in the evening” (Jarvis, 2016, p. 472). Does her fatigue is accompanied with shortness of breath on exertion? Patient education

This lab has helped me to understand that when you change a factor such as the heart rate what will happen to the other variables. The part that I found challenging was in active 2 was when I had to change the heart rate after 5 seconds. To me to be hard because I tried to time it correctly. The part that I found inserting about this lab was in the begining where you could change the stoke factor. I never fully understood how stokes where caused.

For the last 17 plus years of my career I have called the physical fitness test the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT). Now in the last six years there has been rumors of it changing to the Army Physical Readiness Test (APRT). Between the changes in how we exercised before and in the years of combat, the current changes were a long time coming. We all know that the way we exercise determines the shape our bodies stay in throughout our careers. Injuries cannot always be avoided, but to reduce the risk of injuries, that is what is important to the Army now. The current changes to FM 7-22 have been implemented in order to help prevent injury through proper workout techniques and form. Except the

On Thursday 25th of August 2016, I completed the cardiac care IPL activity. During the activity, I was grouped with a pharmacy student and an exercise physiology student. The patient “Craig Williams” was to have a med check by the pharmacy students and review his home exercise program by the exercise physiology student and to seek a solution for his compliance.

Before the exercise part of the test, you will sit and rest for a few minutes. Your blood pressure, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and dyspnea score will be measured.

The literature on the effects of exercise of cardiac output maintains the idea that exercise should affect cardiac output- pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, QRS-pulse lag, P-T and T-P intervals, because of increased heart rate. For our experiment, we tested this theory by measuring our cardiac output before and after some rigorous exercise. We measured the individual cardiac output and then combined the data to compose a class-wide data average. We compared the results of the experiment to what we expected, which was that exercise does affect our heart. Our data from this experiment supported the notion that exercise does, in fact, change cardiac output.

important test of an individuals physical health since unhealthy levels can lead to heart attacks,

Carry out an experiment to measure the heart rate and ventilation rate before, during and after moderate exercise.