Cardiopulmonary Pressure

Introduction: In this experiment, cardiovascular fitness is being determined by measuring how long it takes for the test subjects' to return to their resting heart rate. Cardiovascular fitness is the ability to "transport and use oxygen while exercising" (Dale 2015). Cardiovascular fitness utilizes the "heart, lungs, muscles, and blood working together" while exercising (Dale 2015). It is also how well your body can last during moderate to high intensity cardio for long periods of time (Waehner 2016). The hypothesis is that people who exercise for three or more days will return to their resting heart rate much faster than people who only exercise for less than three days.

The effects of heart rate on differing durations of exercise were studied in this experiment. For people, heart rate tends to increase as they perform physical exercises. The amount of beats per minute gradually increases as people perform physical activities. Heart rates taken before exercise are relatively low, and heart rates taken one minute after exercise increase significantly. Heart rates slowly begin to decrease after they are taken two minutes and three minutes after performing the step test, which is to be expected. The rates of intensity throughout exercise relates with changes in heart rate throughout the step test performed in the experiment (Karvonen 2012). The age of the participants affected the experiment, since the heart rate during physical exercise, in this case the step test, is affected by age (Tulppo 1998).

In this lab, we observed the heart and breathing rate at rest, after meditation and after exercise. The average resting heart rate for everyone in our group was around 70 beats per minute, and the average resting breathing rate was around 16 breaths per minute. Strangely, after meditation, the heart rate was much higher than the resting heart rate. This could have been because we took these tests at different times in the day and in different weeks. Digesting food might have changed the heart rate. The breathing rate after meditating for Anya was 15, for Gabriella it was 23, and my breathing rate was 10. After exercise, the heart and breathing rate both went up for everyone. Gabriella’s heart and breathing rates were around 95 and 31 respectively. My heart rate was 103, and my breathing rate was 25. For Anya, her breathing rate was 31 breaths per minute, and her heart rate was around 100 beats per minute. Mainly, after exercise the heart and breathing rate was much higher than it was at rest and after meditation. This could be because our hearts and lungs would be working much harder to pump oxygen into our blood so that the pH of

The circulatory system comprises of five main parts. These parts are; the Heart, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries and Veins. Each part has a specific role to play in the functioning of the circulatory system. The circulatory system works in a type of loop or closed system (www.about.com) (Craig Weber M.D).

The following study is to establish whether there is an increase in the heart rate of healthy female individuals.

This experiment was performed to see the changes in the heart rate recovery times of in-season, off-season, and non-athlete’s hearts. We spent three days testing our runners, and their heart rate recovery times. Every student checked their initial heart rate, and then ran for 30 seconds. At the end of 30 seconds, we timed how long it took them for their heart rate to reach their normal again. After our research, we found Scientific Journals where scientists had performed similar experiments. We obtained information from Morganroth’s hypothesis (Naylore 2012). He said that athletic hearts had morphed into something stronger. He concluded that athletes exercising developed cardiac hypertrophy. Our research made us more aware of the factors that could cause an athlete’s heart to recover faster than a non-athlete. Some of the factors we found were: hypertrophy, strength trained heart, and endurance trained heart. These factors could help determine why we concluded the results that we found. We concluded that the in-season athlete’s hearts recovered much faster than the other two categories. The in-season athlete’s heart recovered at an average rate of 41.8 seconds. The second fastest was the Off-season athlete’s heart which recovered at an average rate of 51.7 seconds, and the non-athletes falling behind at 63.5 seconds. We believe that the in-season athlete’s heart recovered faster, because they are accustomed to exercising, and they are training each day for

The heart was more likely to have quicker recovery time when the cardiovascular tissue was better equipped to deal with the strain of the exercise and better conditioned. The weakness with this study is there are too many variables that have been put into play with this experiment. Between the type of exercise, the intervals in which the exercises were to be done, the duration of the experiment. The amount of people within the experiment, as well as their age and family history could have played a large role in this experiment. These variables, as well as other variables that develop more questions could quite possibly be condensed and more isolated in future

Graph 1 highlights the sudden increase in heart rate immediately after exercise, and the gradual decrease afterwards. The heart rate peaked at an average of 148 beats per minute (BPM) immediately after the exercise, which was an 85 BPM difference to its resting rate. Furthermore, the results showed that the heart rate decreased over time and in just ten minutes, returned to its resting rate. During exercise, heart rate increases so that more blood can be pumped to muscles at a faster rate. However, less effort is needed

During this laboratory three submaximal test were done. YMCA Submaximal Bike Test, Astrand Submaximal Bike Test, and The RockPort 1-Mile Walk Test. Each of these test required taking Blood Pressure,Heart Rate, and times, either at rest or while exercising. Everyone is a different when it comes to Blood Pressure and Heart Rate. They both depend on how conditioned the person is. The hypothesis is determining which test produced the highest Heart Rate and at what times. Since resistance makes a person work harder, we assume that test will be the YMCA Submaximal Bike Test.

Preforming different types of physical activities can increase the heart rate of the human body. The following hypothesis is based on the testing of three different students using three different kinds of exercise activities and rest period. The students calculated their BPM while resting, running, and sprinting. After calculating their results the data table shows that their heart rate increased when the exercise was more difficult. How will exercise effect our heart rate. The three students hypothesis is supported by their data table showing an increasing heart rate, based on exercise performed.

The consequence of exercising on respiration rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse rate activity of the heart was examined. The experiment included equal numbers of male and female students to test short term cardiopulmonary effects for all factors. Small gender distinction for pulse rate was first detected. Then drastic, short-term changes for respiration rate along with MAP were noted. The great contrast in effects witnessed for male and female subjects with regard to electro cardiac activity was unidentified. Therefore, additional studies were designated to establish whether these outcomes were subjective by small trial size or imitating distinctive physiological response by the differences in gender to the outcomes of

For persons 1-3, as predicted, the heartrate and breathing rate were relatively low with Person 1, respectively, being 74 & 20, Person 2 being 86 & 16 and Person 3 being 73 and 19. The 50m Sprint resulted in having the highest heartrate for persons 1 and 2, 152 and 171 respectively, and the Stairs resulted in being the highest for Person 2 at 130. Strangely, the breaths per minute for persons 1 and 2 were highest, at 40 and 39 respectively, whereas Person 3 experienced their highest breaths at 43 for the 50m Sprint, which coincides with their highest heart rate. These trends show that the hypothesis is correct in the sense that the heart and breathing rate did increase with physical exercise, however, the hypothesised theory that the Sprint

As the intensity of exercise increased, so did the rates of the heart and breathing. After a small period of rest, the heart rate and breathing rate both decreased to a point close to their resting rate. This proved the stated hypothesis. First, the hearts average resting rate was recorded to be 76 bpm. The heart is therefore transporting oxygen and removing carbon dioxide at a reasonably steady rate via the blood. During the low intensity exercise (Slow 20) the heart rate increases to 107 bpm, which further increases to 130bpm at a higher intensity level (Fast 20). The heart therefore needs to beat faster to increase the speed at which oxygen is carried to the cells and the rate at which carbon dioxide is taken away by the blood.

Information on cardiovascular differences between the sexes is necessary for allied health professionals to best adapt rehabilitation exercises for the patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The cardiovascular system has to adjust in response to metabolic demands of working muscles during exercise. Gender-related differences on how the body meets the increased demands while still maintaining homeostatic arterial blood pressure has been widely researched (CITE). There is some support that vaso-regulation differences are due to female sex hormones (estrogen, in particular estradiol), and less sympathetic nervous system influence when compared to males (CITE). Additionally, body composition (higher muscle mass in males) and substrate utilisation (more lipid substrate utilisation in females) have been found to have significant effects on the cardiovascular system responses during submaximal exercise (CITE). Upper body exercise has been found to create more stress on the cardiovascular system compared to lower body exercise (CITE).

Investigating the Effect of Exercise on Pulse Rate Aim: To see what happens to the pulse rate during exercise. Prediction: I predict that the pulse rate will increase in order to take more oxygen for respiration. The heartbeat will increase and become stronger to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the muscle cells. The breathing rate will increase in order to get rid of the extra waste such as Carbon dioxide. Respiration is the release of energy.