Pathological Causes Of Stroke Essay

Strokes are caused by a block in the blood supply to the brain which causes a decrease in oxygen and delivery of other important supplies which facilitate proper functioning. Fifteen million cases are reported worldwide annually, although not all of these cases are mortalities, the large prevalence of strokes ranks it as the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. (Figueroa) Because of the time sensitivity associated with the lack of resources to the brain, strokes are considered a medical emergency and early recognition of symptoms can help decrease the amount of damage caused . Although strokes do not always cause death, strokes most often leave the individual with some physical and cognitive impairment.

Strokes are caused by pathophysiological changes. The two major mechanisms of stroke consist of ischemia and haemorrhage. Ischemia is when there is no oxygen or not, merely enough oxygen to fuel the tissue level in the body. Haemorrhage in the brain, causing strokes can be due to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage (Shah, MD, n.d.) (see appendix 1). This essay will further discuss the implications of strokes on a cellular, organ and system level. Explain the clinical presentation of the signs and symptoms of strokes and how the condition will be managed by a paramedic.

The stroke from a blocked artery is called ischemia, and the ruptured artery is hemorrhagic. As time is critical after the cerebrovascular accident, lack of treatment will lead to brain cell apoptosis and neural injuries are permanent. Evaluation using brief tests of cognitive impairment includes analysis of executive functioning, memory, language, and visuospatial performance, neuropsychiatric as well as depressive symptoms (Grant and Adams, 2009).

Often times, doctors will typically call a stroke a “brain attack” because the events that transpire resemble those that occur during a heart attack (Wang and Aamodt, 2010). Blood supplies a constant source of oxygen to the brain. However, a stroke occurs when that blood supply to any given part of the brain is suddenly ceased. If the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted this leads to the deprivation of oxygen and glucose to that area. The brain cells that are prevented from acquiring these substances, especially oxygen, will be quickly killed off. Strokes can be categorized into two classes: Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes (Lindley, 2008).

Stroke, or brain attack, is the number four killer of adults in the world. In the United States, 160,000 deaths occur each year. From 1999 to 2009, the death rate from stroke gradually lowered as improvements to medicine and testing developed. Yet, 800,000 Americans continue to have strokes and survive the event. Worldwide, about 15 million experience stroke with 6 million who die and 5 million who become permanently disabled. (Robinson, Richard & Odle, Teresa G. & Frey, Rebecca J. & Odle, Teresa G. , 2011) The statistics in America are better for surviving a stroke because of rapid response and better interpretation of symptoms. Nevertheless, surviving a stroke often brings on dilapidating effects; which means a change in lifestyle and lifelong rehabilitation through physical therapy.

Sometimes known as a brain attack, a stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain stops. Brain cells immediately start to die due to the lack of oxygen and nutrients they need to function. There are two types of strokes. The most common type, called ischemic stroke, is caused by a blood clot that blocks a blood vessel in the brain. The other kind of stroke, called hemorrhagic stroke, is caused by a blood vessel that breaks and bleeds into the brain. Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death for Americans ("What You Need to Know About Stroke," 2013). In fact, according to the CDC, more than 795,000 people in the United States have a stroke every year ("Stroke Facts," 2015). A stroke can cause great damage in the brain and lead to mild or severe

Effects - Every stroke is different, and each person that is affected by a stroke will suffer from different problems and have different needs. The way in which you are affected depends on where in the brain the stroke occurs and how big it is. A stroke on the right side of the brain generally causes problems to the left side of the body, and a stroke on the left side of the brain causes problems on the right. The brain is dived into several different areas which control different functions, including movement of the body, language, the way in which you think and senses (touch, sight, smell). Due to different arteries supplying blood to different areas of the brain, where abouts the brain is damaged determines which function is affected. Some strokes occur at the base of the brain which generally cause problems with breathing, moving and eating. These factors impact the effect of a stroke and the recovery after; Type of stroke, which area of the brain is damaged, how much tissue is permanently damaged and the person’s health and level of activity before a

The third leading cause of death and leading cause of disability in American adults is a stroke. It is a medical emergency with an individual affected every 45 seconds in America. It occurs when there is an obstruction of blood flow caused by a ruptured blood vessel or blood clot resulting in depletions of oxygen supply to the brain. It results in a wide range of devastating effects depending on the affected brain part such as loss of speech, loss of thought process, loss of activities of daily living (ADL), or death. A stroke lasting for a few minutes is known as a Transient Ischemic Attach (TIA) or mini-stroke and if ignored can result in disability (Stroke, 2016). The American Heart Association (AHA), American Stroke Association (ASA), & Brain Attack Coalition (BAC) developed eight core measures for stroke (STK). These measures were approved by The Joint Commission (TJC) in 2009 for hospitals to become certified as a primary or comprehensive stroke center. The measures include Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis; Discharged on Antithrombotic Therapy; Anticoagulation Therapy for

Cerebral vascular accident (CVA) better known as stroke is medical emergency responsible for an enormous numbers of death in the united states. Stroke it is listed as the number four leading cause of death in the United States. There are three different types of stroke ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Compare to any other disease cerebral vascular accident or stroke is one of the main reason for disability among adults in the united states.

When trying to detect the onset of a stroke, remembering the acronym F.A.S.T. is important (Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call 911). If stroke symptoms are detected within an individual, they have just a couple hours before it is too late for any preventative treatment options. Unfortunately, the type of stroke cannot be identified except through several tests (physical test, blood test, CT, MRI), which are important because treatments are different for the different types of strokes. It would be hazardous to administer the wrong stroke treatment to an individual having a different kind of stroke. (McIntosh) Seeing the precursors to a stroke and preventing it is not always possible; therefore, the stroke victim may have some damaging effects on their body. Strokes can affect a body in different ways depending on which side the blood clot occurs. If the blood clot occurs in the right side of the brain, the left side of the body and the face will be affected. In addition to paralysis of the body and face, vision problems, memory loss, and quick, inquisitive behavior could result from a blood clot on the right half of the brain. If the clot were to occur in the left side, the right side of the body would suffer speech and language problems, slow behavior, or memory loss. (About Stroke.) Aside from the physical effects of a stroke, a victim might also be affected emotionally undergoing depression, or being unable to control their feelings. (McIntosh) Oftentimes, the outcome of a stroke is irreversible and saddening for everyone

Stroke previously known as Cerebrovascular accident is well-defined as ‘an abrupt cessation of cerebral circulation in one or more of the blood vessels distributing the brain. Due to the interruption or diminish of oxygen supply causes serious damage or necrosis in the brain tissues (Jauch, Kissella & Stettler, 2005). There is a presence of one or more symptoms such as weakness or numbness or paralysis of the face, arm or leg, difficulty speaking or swallowing, dizziness, loss of balance, loss of vision, sudden blurring or decreased vision in one or both eyes and headache. Stoke is categorised into two types, Ischaemic and haemorrhagic

What is a stroke? What causes them, and how can we recover from them? All of these questions are both posed, and answered in the article Plasticity during stroke recovery: from synapse to behavior. (Murphey, Corbett, 2009) A stroke, is a brain attack, caused by restricted, or lack of, blood flow to an area of the brain, this causes brain damage and can have very serious effects, including death. It is important to understand that due to what causes it, a stoke can happen anywhere in the brain, though, depending on where, and how they happen, they have many types. Everything from the types causes, and recovery paths, as well as treatments, will be covered in this summary

Stroke also known as cerebral vascular accident (CVA) is a medical emergency, responsible for a large amount of death in United States. Stroke is classified as the fourth leading cause of the death in the United States. There are three different types of stroke ischemic stroke,uv hemorrhagic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Strokes compare to any other diseases is one of the most common cause of adult disability in the United States. Learning about stroke can help you to act fast to save someone’s life.

Stroke is a severe medical condition and is the number five cause of death and leading cause of serious, long-term disability in America. There are three main kinds of stroke, ischemic which is caused by blood blots, hemorrhagic which is caused by ruptured blood vessels that cause brain bleeding, and transient ischemic attack (TIA) which is a “mini-stroke” caused by a temporary blood clot. It is well-known that brain cells die after a few minutes when they are no longer able to receive nutrients and/or oxygen from the blood or even when there is sudden bleeding in and around the brain. After the brain cells die, the part of the body that they control will no longer be able to function. The signs and symptoms depends on the

First I feel that, it is important to understand the clinical manifestation of the different strokes. The Ischemic stroke can cause a wide range of neurologic symptoms depending on the location and the size of the effective area. Patients may present with symptoms, such as, numbness or weakness of the face, arms, legs, more so, one side of the body, changes in moody or behavior, trouble with speaking or understanding speech, visual disturbances, having difficulty in walking, dizziness or loss of balance and sudden server headaches. Hemorrhagic stroke has, also, presents with the same clinical manifestation as a Ischemic stroke, however, most patients complain of server headache.