Cardiovascular Case Study : Compression Garments And Cycling

The Wingate Anaerobic Test is used to evaluate anaerobic cycling performance. This study was undertaken to determine whether there is a relationship between peak power and fatigue index for endurance (n=9) vs power (n=4) athletes. A total of 13 subjects, including 8 males and 5 females, were included in the study. The subjects were divided into sporting types, such as endurance and power. Data collected from the Wingate test included peak power (W), mean power (W), time to peak (S), minimum power (W) and fatigue index (%). When the peak power and fatigue index were considered together for endurance athletes, a significant relationship

D1 outline the relationships between the cardiovascular, respiratory and energy systems before, during and after a sporting activity

Effect of Exercise on Arterial Pressure and Vascular Resistance Abbie DeBerg Ms. Brantley May 30, 2012

You may list, as students report out, the physiological changes to the respiratory, cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and urinary systems expected during strenuous exercise and as noted in the case of the cyclist, Joe. Students will respond with answers suggesting increases in heart rate, respiration, sweating and muscle fatigue, as well as muscle soreness as normal. However, in

In order to facilitate understanding of process data and outcome data, this essay will focus on the context of hospital-acquired pressure injury (PI). PI, also referred to as decubitus ulcers, bed sores or pressure sores, is defined as soft-tissue ischaemic necrosis localised in an area caused by prolonged pressure higher than the capillary pressure with or without skin tear or breach, related to posture over a bony prominence. The aetiology of pressure ulcers include: (1) pressure – weight of the skin against contact area; (2) shearing; (3) friction; (4) moisture; (5) position of the patient; (6)immobility; (7) neurological factors; (7) metabolic and nutritional factors; (9) oedema; and (10) age. PIs affects not only in infirmed older people,

More investigative studies are needed to test the variation of tissue tolerance during prolonged surgery

First, all patients or their caregivers are expected to wash and roll the compression bandages after each use. Second, lymphedema patients are required to use a compression pump and compression garments after discharge from lymphedema clinic because lymphedema is a chronic condition and life-long management of the symptoms is imperative. The lymphedema self-management phase may incorporate the use of the assistive equipment, such as reaches (to apply the compression pump’s sleeves on the lower extremities) or compression stockings donning devices. In addition, many lymphedema patients are educated in self-bandaging, therapeutic exercises, and self-manual lymph drainage techniques and are expected to continue with these activities as a part of their daily

Game Ready® addresses several therapeutic goals including edema reduction, inflammation control, secondary tissue injury limitation, and pain management ultimately resulting in range of motion (ROM) increases and faster return to function. This is done through the use of pneumatic compression that forms each cold wrap to the contours of the body for better surface contact over a greater area. As the treatment begins, cold water begins to fill the connector hose and the vapors inflate the wrap around the injured area. This is known as active cold and compression because the constant circulation of cold water vapor removes heat from the body locally at a faster rate than static cold application and the constant changes in compression work like a pump to assist the

Compression will help reduce and prevent swelling and can be applied immediately after injury at pitch side but only for 10 minutes at a time to avoid stopping the circulation. An elastic ankle support can provide mild compression throughout the healing process to help reduce swelling.

The controlled variable included the exercise bike and heart rate monitor. There are several limitations, systematic and random errors that should be considered when interpreting these results. (4) The controlled variables were not tested before this experiment to see if they were working and reliable. Figure 2 heart rate was quite inconsistent and did not follow the pattern of the other results, which maybe suggest a random error with the heat rate monitor. A systematic error could include the fitness of the participants. One of the test subjects is an endurance athlete and the other does not compete in any sport. This would affect the results because for the endurance-trained athlete, from their training they increase their cardiac output results from a substantial increase in maximal stroke volume. In untrained persons, cardiac output increases in response to exercise primarily by an increase in heart rate. The endurance-trained athlete does so mainly by an increase in stroke volume. Simply meaning that although both participants are doing the same cadence and length the endurance athletes skewers the results by already having an increased rate in stroke volume. Another systematic error may include the rate of perceived effort. For the most accurate results, the measured maximum heart rate would be necessary to give an accurate cadence to ride at.

This change in blood flow helps to lower the end systolic volume by increasing the stroke volume. This process is necessary to bring the body back to homeostasis so that we can participate in vigorous activity safely. The parasympathetic division or “rest and digest” helps keep the use of the body’s energy at a low rate when we are eating and digesting the food so that the blood pressure and heart rate can remain at normal levels. The sympathetic division known as “fight-or-flight” becomes activated in times of excitement and will trump over processes like digestion. This division constricts blood vessels while pushing blood to the muscles and heart, dilates the lungs to increase ventilation, and causes more glucose to be produced for the higher need of energy. This means that when participating in vigorous physical activity the blood flow is directed to the big muscles rather than the digestive

All participants in the study were both the experimental and control groups. The sessions were separated by four weeks; the sessions were randomly assigned to the participants. The testing sessions included an orientation with 1RM squat and practice of each test, followed by four conditions four weeks apart. The participants warmed up on the cycle ergometer then completed the DOMS protocol. Data was analyzed using magnitude-based inferences. Baker et.al

The effects of exercise on blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate and electrical activity of the heart were assessed. The measurements of respiration rate, pulse rate and blood pressures were noted as described in Harris-Haller (2016). Data was first taken from subjects in a relaxed position and then followed by sets of reading after exercising based on one minute intervals. The data also noted sitting ECG traces from Harris-Haller (2016). The respiratory rate, pulse, blood pressure, P wave, QRS complex and T wave were defined for each subject. The class average was calculated for males and females and graphed to illustrate the results by gender for each cardiopulmonary factor.

As the intensity of exercise increased, so did the rates of the heart and breathing. After a small period of rest, the heart rate and breathing rate both decreased to a point close to their resting rate. This proved the stated hypothesis. First, the hearts average resting rate was recorded to be 76 bpm. The heart is therefore transporting oxygen and removing carbon dioxide at a reasonably steady rate via the blood. During the low intensity exercise (Slow 20) the heart rate increases to 107 bpm, which further increases to 130bpm at a higher intensity level (Fast 20). The heart therefore needs to beat faster to increase the speed at which oxygen is carried to the cells and the rate at which carbon dioxide is taken away by the blood.

Carry out an experiment to measure the heart rate and ventilation rate before, during and after moderate exercise.