Chapter Two Deconstruction of Male and Female
If we take a close look at the character depicted by Carson McCullers. We could find that most of them uncertain sexual orientation, such as: the tomboy Mick, the transvestite Biff, and the homosexual Singer. The reason why McCullers has a special affection for them is related to McCullers’ personal experience. In her biography written by Virginia Spencer Carr. Carr described that McCullers once acclaimed that “I am really a man” (167). McCullers “loved women, and she dressed like a man” (Luzajic 1). Later in her life she even openly acknowledged her bisexual tendency. Hence, the teenage tomboy Mick might be McCullers herself in disguise. Through the mouth of her characters in the novel Heart
…show more content…
Since then Biff knows that he has to learn how to “perform”. According to Judith Butler, “gender proves to be performative” (33). His first performance is marriage. After marrying to Alice, he has to devote greater effort to restrain his femininity. He performs his masculinity exaggeratedly. Behind the counter, he frequently revels his hairy chest. He shaves his beards twice a day. After the death of his wife, he frees himself from his performative male identity. He likes the smell of his wife’s Agua Florida and lemon rinse. He wishes he could be a mother for his niece and Mick. He refurnished his apartment, which is “both luxurious and sedate” (McCullers 223). He feels more like his truly self. Nevertheless, the femininity is still not his gender. At the end of the novel, Biff expresses his …show more content…
The dispute over their freedom led to the session of the Southern States, this was the immediate cause of American Civil War. Although they were liberated after the Civil War, and the 13th Amendment to Constitution in 1865 abolished the slavery, the racial discrimination against them did not end. “Segregation laws continued to be enforced in Southern Sates until the 1950” (Zhu 158). The southern small town described in The Heart is a Lonely Hunter is set in this era of racial inequality. Different from other white writers, McCullers gives a real description to her black characters. The well-known African American writer Richard Nathaniel Wright once praised The Heart is a Lonely enabled “white writer, for the first time in Southern fiction, to handle Negro characters with as much ease and justice as those of her own race” (195). This comment has given this novel a precise position about McCullers’ work of deconstructing predominating binary opposition of white and
While Biff is in some ways desperate to impress his father, he is also conscious about the fact that Willy has failed his attempt to be successful in his career. He considers his dad’s dreams materialistic and unreachable. As a matter of fact, in the Requiem, even after his father’s death, Biff says: “He had the wrong dreams. All, all wrong.” Unlike Happy and Willy, Biff is self-aware and values facts; Willy never was a successful salesman and he never wanted to face the truth. On the other hand, Biff is conscious about his failures and the weaknesses of his personality. During an argument with his father, Biff admits that his dad made him “so arrogant as a boy” that now he just can’t handle taking
BIFF: You—you gave her Mama’s stockings! [His tears break through and he rises to go] (Salesman Act 2). After Biff left he began to work and wander providing him with the opportunity to look at himself and distance himself from delusions of grandeur that effect his father and brother so severely.
During the Antebellum period, our young slave girl, in Harriet Jacobs’s novel Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, seeks release from the horrors of a “cruel, sadistic white plantation owner” (vii) in a cruel, sadistic world that sees her as nothing more than property. The psychological tribulation Harriet Jacobs endures makes her a sympathetic character for the abolitionist movement spearheaded by the north. She is faced and burdened with the issues of self-identity, self-preservation, and freedom, yet she is unrelenting in her determination to secure a life in which she has sole control. The outdoors gave the young protagonist, Chris McCandless, in Jon Krakauer’s Into the Wild, room to explore and find himself before his untimely death. His qualities make him an admirable character (though he was sometimes naïve in his actions), and his death makes him a martyr to the cause
“I found that the negroes who had been declared free by the United States were not free, in fact that they were living under a code that made them worse than slaves; and I found that it was necessary, as commanding officer, to protect them, and I did” (pg. 55). Those are the words of Governor Adelbert Ames, a former general of the Union army, turned senator and later becoming the governor of Mississippi. Ames was advocate in ensuring that negroes receive the rights that they were promised. Nicholas Lemann uncovered some of the forgotten truths of racism in this novel, starting with displaying the importance that Ames played in the deep south during the post war and reconstruction period.
Authors of fiction often write about the human condition as a way to connect with a broad range of readers. Unlike factual textbooks, fiction gives characters feeling and emotion, allowing us to see the story behind the basic details. In many cases, readers gain a new perspective on a period of time by examining a fiction novel. In Kindred, by Octavia Butler, the near death experiences of Rufus Weylin transports a 20th century African American woman named Dana to the ante bellum South to experience exactly what it’s like to be a slave. Through her day-to-day life on the Weylin plantation, the reader begins to understand just how complex slavery is and how it affects both the slaves and the plantation owners; thus, giving new
Biff and his brother, Happy, overhear Willy talking to himself. Biff learns that Willy is usually talking to him (Biff) during these private reveries. Biff and Happy discuss women and the future. Both are dissatisfied with their jobs: Biff is discontent working for someone else, and Happy cannot be promoted until the merchandise manager dies. They contemplate buying a ranch and working together.
In telling the story of someone like Tammy Thomas, a black woman in Youngstown, Ohio who overcame the problems of being a teenage mother and the collapse of the steel industry to raise three children, only to find herself midlife without a job and direction due to outsourcing and a strategic bankruptcy from the manufacturers she worked for, Packer portrays the effects the erosion of the social contract that have left all of these characters more or less stratified and isolated. “This much freedom leaves you on your own. More Americans than ever before live alone, but even a family can exist in isolation, just managing to survive in the shadow of a huge military base without a soul to lend a hand (Packer 4), ” ventures Packer, conveying that in a nation deeply divided by social status, what his characters share is that each are fundamentally alone. In Packer’s collection of American stories - a diverse range of voices from across the class divide - readers will realize the disheartening realities that today’s ‘freedom’
Biff’s love for his father shows at early age, being a salesman Willy is nearly never home leaving his children as well as his wife alone without his company. In result, Willy’s arrival brings bright smiles and gloomy words describing how heartbroken they are when Willy is absent for example, Biff states “Where’d you go this time, Dad? Gee we were lonesome for you”(19). Unfortunately, the exchanges of kind words no longer occur after the discovery of the affair. Once Biff uncovers this secret constant arguments with poor perspectives on one another are always present. Biff explains, “Everything I say there’s a twist of mockery on his face. I can’t go near him”(12). Also, many know about the low thoughts and persistent disrespectful remarks, Willy’s wife tells her son Biff about their constant fighting “But you no sooner some in the door than you’re fighting”(38). Additionally, after the hidden relationship was discovered Willy changes the way he thinks about his eldest son Biff. Willy looks at sons Biff and Happy highly. Also claiming how blessed he is to have the “That’s why I thank Almighty God you’re both built like Adonises. Because the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead” (21). Now after having his secret uncovered by his son Willy has no approbation for his son, he finds him as a failure and this is shows when he criticizes Biff’s life “Not finding yourself at the age of thirty-four is a disgrace”
It would be exceedingly heart-breaking and sorrowful for the individual to sees his own father with another woman. With no one to share the secret with, Biff keeps the burden on himself, which ultimately breaks him apart. Biff however, learns to move on, by taking many unusual jobs. Biff nonetheless is greatly depressed by his father’s extra-marital relationship, resulting in him never completely finding his true passion in any of them. He attempts to reconcile himself by forgetting the past, but is never actually able to do so, because it is quite evident how badly WIlly affected Biff. This is not only due to the fact that his father had an affair, but also because the man Biff idolized and followed, turned out to do such a sickening deed. Willy had always motivated Biff and gave encouraging reasons when he did something wrong. When Biff comes to Boston, he argues that his math teacher did not give him enough marks. His father, instead of scolding him for not trying hard enough, assures him that he will talk to her. He does this because he wants Biff to succeed in life. Biff recognizes this and knows his father is the mentor he needs to become prosperous in life. Biff is devastated, when the one person he truly had faith in, betrays him to such an extent. Biff genuinely believed in his father, and wanted to become a man like him. Willy’s affair with The Woman came to Biff as a shock, one so great that the whole world slipped from beneath his legs. This caused Biff to never forget his father’s deeds, because it was that event that obstructed him from pursuing his
Biff and Happy are tall and well-built men, however despite their physical appearance they are both still in perpetual adolescence. When Biff tells Happy of the many different jobs he had, he demonstrates a lack of responsibility. Biff is also self-destructive as he ruins every job opportunity he might have. He knows he is a disappointment to his father and ponders if he should get married to gain stability.
(Act 2). Biff has finally had enough of the lies his father has been telling his family all these years. Willy has always thought the boys would get rich quickly and be successful solely because they are his sons and he thinks they work hard. Biff wants to break out of the dreams so he can become what he wants to and not be held down by what his father thinks.
[His tears break through and he rises to go]”(Pg 95). This shows his hostility, because for one of the few times Biff talks to a woman in the play, it ends up with Biff crying, and being one of the most traumatic events of not just the play, but his entire life. Another example of Biff’s hostility towards women is back when he was in grade school and he was roughing up the girls in his class, and we this when Linda and Willy are talking about him, with Willy saying, “Biff! Where is he? Why’s he taking everything?
Biff is one of the main characters in the play "Death of a Salesman" by Arthur Miller. Biff is Willy's and Linda's son. He was the star of the football team and had scholarships to 3 college's, but he flunked math and couldn't graduate, so he tried to work at many different jobs, and failed at each. Finally, he decided to head out west, and work on farms.
Willy’s perseverance to direct Biff into success has resulted to Biff’s desperate acts to earn praise from his father. However, Biff’s dishonest acts of stealing are often justified by Willy through disregard and excuse, even expressing that the “Coach will probably congratulate [Biff] for [his] initiative”. Instead of correcting his mistakes, Willy continuously expresses his belief of Biff’s predetermined success as a result of being attractive and well-liked. These acts effectively exemplifies Biff’s adherence to self-deception as he imagines himself as an important figure in other people’s lives. It can be seen that his belief of being destined for success prevents him from allowing himself recognize the destruction it brings. As a result, Biff has allowed how Willy views him become how he perceives himself. This self-deception has not only affected the actions in his childhood but as well as his decisions when finding his role in the workplace. As stated above, Willy’s consistent beliefs of his son’s predestined success results to Biff’s immense confidence in himself. However, this confidence have provided him a false perception of himself as he struggle to keep a stable job and even faces imprisonment. It can be seen that Biff’s lack of self-perception and compliance to ideals of Willy has only allowed him to restrain and prevent him from recognizing the difference between illusion and reality resulting in the lack of his
More than half a century later, Carson McCullers’ themes of loneliness and isolation still speak to today’s readers. The work “Reflections In a Golden Eye”of Carson McCullers drew a lot of criticism, but was anything but unsuccessful. Carson McCullers’ problems with her health and family brought upon manors of writing, she expressed her loneliness and isolation, showing issues relating to bisexuality, infidelity, hostility, and murder. Lastly she made a large impact in the readers and other writers that became familiar with her work. By exploring the depths of Carson McCullers’ work, one can come to realization that it made such an impact in its own unique way.