Case 1 Fordlandia

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)1 has become a hot topic in boardrooms across the world. Changes in corporate value systems are being driven by pressures from different actors, including governments, consumers, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and institutional investors (diagram 1). Multinational corporations (MNCs) have operations spread across the globe, relying on both foreign affiliates and arm’s-length suppliers arrayed along global supply chains, many of which encompass developing countries. What then does the growing CSR movement mean for developing country producers? The chapter addresses this

Corporations have a crucial role and responsibility in today’s society. As the power of the nation state is increasingly in decline, the influence of businesses is only expanding and intensifying. Companies and their decisions have a profound impact on communities, individuals and the environment. Therefore, these organisations must assume a significant responsibility in today’s globalised society. As Bryan Horrigan (2010) explains, businesses “not only must be engaged with their stakeholders but are themselves stakeholders alongside governments and civil society. International business leaders must fully commit to sustainable development and address paramount global challenges” (p.53).

It is to a wide extent voluntarily engrained into the corporate strategy. Moreover, it covers the most important areas of CSR – environment and society. How the strategy is really implemented into practice will be discussed in the following parts. However, it shall be mentioned that the strategy “ONE” still makes the impression of a traditional growth orientated strategy. In the appendix three and four two additional figures regarding stakeholder vs. company goals and the CSR key areas can be

Through globalization the gap between the rich and poor has increased, while the rich get richer, the poor get poorer. This can be one of the many reasons why companies choose to be more social responsible as CSR aims to reduce conflicts between stakeholders. Although, individuals are aware that more companies are producing social responsible goods, companies can benefit from CSR practices in different ways. When companies decide to be socially and environmentally active, not only will the society and the environment benefit from the companies ethical practices, but they can also differentiate themselves in today's competitive market.

Dean Roy Nash (2012) studied “CSR: contributions of Maharatna Companies of India” & found out that the commitment that has been really made by these companies in the CSR area. The Indian corporate sector is getting tough on CSR spending. It is more likely that CSR spending will be made mandatory in the coming 2012 budget. The gap between public and private companies with regard to CSR spending will be narrowed shortly. In this context the CSR activities of all the Maharatna companies should be taken as an ideal example and motivator by other corporates who wish to indulge sincerely in CSR activities of the

MARKET SHARE WORLDWIDE COMPANY Procter & Gamble L’Oréal Unilever Colgate-Palmolive Colgate Avon Products Esteé Lauder Cosmetics Beiersdorf Johnson & Johnson Shiseido Kao

general, there is a need to allow space within the SR agenda for such noncore

Turning to the current practice of CSR, a report named 'Sustainability Reporting - The Time is Now ' from Ernst and Young (EY) showed that there is an increasing trend of international firms using CSR framework to explain their roles in the society and how they implement their own ethical and legal standards. (EY,2014) Therefore, CSR has indeed gained increased attention in both the media and the business world and we are able to see how the importance and perceptions of

As the industrialization and globalization have become more intense for decades, the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) becomes more advocated and is employed by corporation globally (Smith, 2011). However, despite an urge for performing “good” social roles, there still be numerous of organizations showing their unwillingness to fulfill their expected responsibility due to the controversy of how the concept should be defined amongst academia, businesses, and society, in addition to the conflict of interests between a firm’s shareholders and stakeholders that accounts mostly for difficulties in implementing CSR practices. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to dig deeper into above problems by presenting the definition of

The above discussion has shown the importance of corporate social responsibility for a company. There are many challenges which multinational firms face while fulfilling their corporate social responsibilities especially in developing countries. Griffin and Pustay (2007) assert that CSR requires engagement with internal and external stakeholders so it enables enterprises to anticipate better and take advantage of fast-changing expectations in society as well as operating conditions. This means it can also act as a driver for the development of new markets and create real opportunities for growth (Van Tulder and Kolk 2001).

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), a concept that has been around for well over 50 years, has become prominent again recently. Peter Utting (2005) notes that an increasing number of transnational corporations (TNCs) and large domestic companies, supported by business and industry associations, are adopting a variety of so-called voluntary CSR initiatives that incorporate, for example, ‘codes of conduct; measures to improve environmental management systems and occupational health and safety; company ‘triple bottom line’ reporting on financial, social, and environmental aspects; participation in certification and labeling schemes; dialogue with stakeholders and partnerships with NGOs and UN agencies; and increased support for community development projects and programes’. The revival of CSR is reflected also in its recent prominence in public debate. CSR has also generated a very extensive literature in recent times. For example, a search on Google Scholar for the phrase ‘corporate social responsibility’ produced 12,500 citations. A more general search of the internet on Google for the phrase ‘corporate social responsibility’ produced 12,900,000 results. A general search for the phrase ‘corporate social responsibility’ on Australian sites produced 97,800 hits. This research paper is a conceptual paper regarding CSR consists the introduction, historical background of CSR, arguments

Thus, there are some governance systems, both regulatory and corporate alike, which are less interested in regards to corporate citizenry and in some efforts have reverted to customs that were practiced in the past which perpetuated environmental damage. (7) The revisiting of these poor CSR practices however is not widely accepted on a global scale. For example, most millennials have shown that they uphold corporate citizenry to a high esteem. This millennial approach, in alignment with Tom Zara’s view on revised CSR, is that a company should have an holistic essence that exudes CSR or in Tom’s belief Corporate Citizenship- this is the idea that a company should treat itself as a citizen and thus contribute in areas of the core business elements, that is, community, customer, employee, government, supplier, and environment. (7) This view is of distinct difference to one of generations’ past, such as the baby boomer’s rigid beliefs due to growing up in an era where fossil fuels reigned supreme. This distinction between the baby boomer generations, albeit outdated, still has an impact in how legislation governs actions on corporate responsibility as well as how older wealth is distributed.

Nowadays, stakeholders not only care about profits, but pay more attention to company’s actions on environmental, ethical and social aspects, which links to Corporate Social Responsibility program, as these factors may significantly change the fate of a company in a long term (Chan, 2014). According to an article addressed by CSRquest, (2016) Corporate Social Responsibility is how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on the society through its interaction with key stakeholders such as employees and customers. Furthermore, CSR is closely linked to globalisation because whether a company has engaged in CSR programs or not has become a decisive factor of engaging in a globalised marketplace, because

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization(UNIDO) defines ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’(CSR) as “a management concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and interactions with their stakeholders”. The term is explained through a “Triple-Bottom-Line Approach” as being the way through which a company achieves a balance of economic, environmental and social imperatives (“Triple-Bottom-Line”) while at the same time addressing the expectations of shareholders and stakeholders (Elkington, 1997). This approach assumes a very significant light in today’s dynamic world where every aspect of life is inter-connected in a very mysterious fabric, where the alteration of one can affect the others in ways beyond comprehension. Corporate Social Responsibility, both as a term and concept, started becoming popular in the 1960s, when industrialization which sprouted in the Industrial Revolution was fixating its roots all across the world. Industrialization can be defined as the “period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial one”. Just like the correlation and dependence of the various aspects of life with each other, it is seen that CSR and Industrialization shared their space of mutual effects as well.

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