Case 33

After having a very successful performance and getting second place on the first Littlefield simulation game we knew what we needed to do to win the second simulation game. We were very eager to outperform our competition and we almost did so, but ended up in second place again with a cash balance of $2,660,393.

Management considering share repurchase program should weigh its benefit of financial discipline, efficient corporate strategy implementation and utilization of tax shield against the downside of cost of financial distress. It’s not the possibility of bankruptcy that causes concerns among equity holders regarding extent of leverage but the direct costs (legal, liquidation, administrative etc.) and indirect costs (deteriorated corporate image, management time and attention, agency costs of value-destructing investment, distress asset sales etc.). Exhibit 4 lists the key assumption inputs of approximating quantitative firm value/ equity value accretion. Levering UST to a larger extent by adding $1,000m does increase firm value.

This memo is intend to present appropriate treatment of the ARO estimation problem experienced by the Lack of Information (LOI) based on the findings from interviews with all 50 of the warehouse managers and on-site visits at each of the 50 locations of its warehouses countrywide. The onsite observations search for any evidence of damages in both the on-site property like the roof, walls, floors and general conditions. The interview with the managers obtains information about the characteristics of the warehouses that are not readily observable. The information obtained is very important in the preparation of the fiscal

Second, the manufacturing order costs for non-stocked items was calculated by dividing total manufacturing order costs for non-stocked items by the number of orders for non-stocked products. Non-stocked products have additional costs associated with processing orders that went above and beyond the costs associated with a stocked product. The third step involved determining what the S"A allocation factor would be for calculating the S"A volume related costs. This allocation factor would then be applied to manufacturing COGS. The fourth and final step involved the calculation of the operating profit based on backing out volume related costs from sales revenues followed by deducting S"A and manufacturing order costs from the resulting gross margin to arrive at a operating profit.

1. In your own words, can you describe the Wise concept of “public service culture”? What does the author mean by that term? What assumptions about human nature does her motivational concept rest on? Do you believe these are valid assumptions?

While other shelters might screen out the intoxicated, the active drug users, the ex-offenders, or those with

2. What would have been Martin’s return for years 2000, 2001, and 2002 if his portfolio had remained with its initial holdings?

b) If Olin issues $40 mm in debt to repurchase 2 million shares of equity (i.e. they replace $40 mm of equity with $40 mm of debt in their capital structure), and the interest rate on the debt is 10%, what will be the expected EPS next year?

The return on equity (ROE) has also shown an increase in 2009 over the previous year suggesting a successful investment by shareholders. This increase, coupled with the fact that the basic earnings per share (EPS) has increased significantly from 61.78 cents in 2008 to 88.26 cents in 2009 (143%) shows great improvement in the profit per share. Please note that the basic EPS has been used in this analysis as the diluted EPS includes employee options (JBH Annual Report, 2009), skewing and reducing the value of the EPS.

1. Evaluate the terms of the proposed $900 million financing from the perspective of both parties. How would you calculate the return to investors in this transaction? If you need more information, what information do you need?

Moreover, after predicting the next ten-year discounted free cash flows, we were able to calculate the discounted payback period of 5.69, comparing with the arbitrary cut off point 7.87. For the arbitrary cut off point, we use the average return on equity (net income/total equity) of the past 4 years, which is -12.702%, because it is more accurate and consistent than using the ROE of 2002. Then, we assume that all the equity leaves the company at

Pro-forma income statement and key credit rating determinants are shown in Exhibit 2 and 3 respectively. Remaining share no. of 158.3m after repurchase is based on proportional value addition distribution between cash-out and remaining shareholders and this number is inserted to calculate earning per share and corresponding immediate share price change after announcement of repurchase program. According to Exhibit 3 and industrial average of relevant grades, only fund flow/ total debt and total debt/ capital measures are not comparable with A credit rating. Considering EBIT and EBITDA interest coverage are two most important criteria and equity market value is so substantially different from book value which leads to a healthy

* Scenario (B): Beyond the forecast period, the buyout team plans to maintain its debt at a constant percentage of the firm's market value.

Another factor for management to consider would involve the clientele effects. Presently the Wrigley family controls 21% of common shares and 58% of Class B common stock. Assuming the Wrigley family do not sell any shares, the repurchase will raising their voting control from 46.6% to a majority control over voting rights at 50.6% (see appendix2.2). This isn’t deemed significant as the Wrigley family already previously possessed majority of voting rights

Because firm value will rise to $6,850.8 million immediately after the recapitalization announcement, original shareholders will capture the full benefit of interest tax shield since they are able to sell their stocks at a higher price. The new stock price is determined by dividing the value of the levered firm by the number of shares outstanding at the end of 1998. Since there were 185, 516,055 shares outstanding at year end 1998, the new stock price after the announcement of recapitalization would be $6,850.8 million divided by 185, 516,055, which is $36.93. Compared to the