Case Study Actinic Keratosis

Background: A 36year old Caucasian male who is a construction worker presented to his physician's office complaining of several moles on his scalp and face that were “changing.” The client noticed a color change on the moles and states "they've increased in size". The borders on the facial moles are irregular. In addition; he states "the mole on his scalp is the worst". One half does not look equal to the other half. The client states "the moles are very bothersome and they itch a lot".

Mr. GB is a 78 year old white male admitted to Bay Pines VAMC on 6/18/96. for " atypical chest pain and hemoptysis". V/S BP 114/51, P 84, R 24, T 97.4. He seems alert and oriented x 3 and cheerful. Bowel sounds present x 4. Pt. has a red area on his coccyx. Silvadene treatments have been started. Pt. Has a fungal lung infection with a pleural suction drainage tube inserted in his chest . Pt is extremely thin with poor skin turgor with a diagnosis of cachexia ( wasting) secondary to malnutrition and infection. Patient is no known allergies to drugs but is allergic to aerosol sprays disinfectants and dust.. Advanced directives on chart. Code status DNR. Primary physician

Solar keratosis also known as actinic keratosis is a pre-malignant lesion of the skin that confined to the epidermis and has the potential to develop into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (1, 2). Solar keratosis is a common skin condition that is associated with cumulative sun exposure, increased susceptibility to sun exposure and increased with age (2, 3). Other risk factors include light-skinned individuals, outdoor workers, previous history of burns, areas directly to sun exposure and low latitude (2, 4). Current therapies for solar keratosis can be divided into lesion-directed: cryotherapy/excision/light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (laser)/radiotherapy, and field-directed topical agents: 5-fluorouracil, diclofenac, photodynamic therapy, and imiquimod (5). For the purpose of this essay, I

Skin cancer is a rather common genetic disorder that occurs today within the United States. On average, nearly forty to fifty percent of Americans will experience skin cancer by the time they reach sixty-five years of age. Skin cancer comes in many different forms, yet the most common and prevalent are as follows. Basal Cell Carcinoma can be observed as uncontrolled, abnormal growths on the skin. They arise from the basal cells of the skin (found in the top layer of skin) and tend to look like lesions, open sores, scars, or bumps. BCCs (Basal Cell Carcinoma) are usually caused by intense exposure to sunlight and affects nearly four million people in the US on a yearly basis. However, this form of skin cancer usually doesn’t move from the origin of the tumor and very rarely becomes a life-threatening condition.

Skin cancer can be very deadly because we are in constant sunlight until we go to bed at night. There are many forms of skin cancer, but the main cause of them all are because of ultraviolet light. There are three forms of skin cancer Melanoma, Basal Cell Skin Cancer and lastly Squamous Cell Cancer. The most serious of them all is Melanoma, which is where the cancer begins at the bottom layer of the epidermis. Many people that have a dark skin complexion don’t get melanoma, but it is possible and it’s both men and women. “Fair-skinned” people on the other hand, are the ones that you usually find Melanoma on. On men it is usually found in noticeable areas that are seen every day like the head, neck, and shoulders. In women on the other hand

Skin rash as a result of unusual reaction to sunlight, by patient history or physician observation.

With a plethora of skin lesion etiologies, a thorough focused history and physical examination is essential for recognition and its diagnosis (Dains et al., 2016, p. 325). In the case of John and his children, the onset of the lesion as well as his exposure to the outdoors are considered in the differential diagnoses. Additionally, both the positives and the negatives were taken into consideration when noting his history, in the review of systems, and in the physical examination. For example, some of the notable positives are: 1) the presence of a unilateral, purulent, and erythematous round lesion that is warm to touch; 2) the exposure to the outdoors with hobbies including camping, biking, and Nordic skiing; and

Each year there are more new cases of skin cancer than the combined incidence of cancers of the breast, prostate, lung and colon. Skin cancer can be defined as abnormal developing in cells in the outer layer of skin. it can spread over the other cells skin, and it can be seen visually on the surface of the skin. Skin cancer is not like photosensitivity they both share some similar causes like exposing to UVR or exposure to sunlight for long period also they have similar visually effect such as red patches on the skin but they are totally different. Photosensitivity can be treated. However, some kind of skin cancer cannot be treated. Skin cancer has a three main types: malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, and

The warm and moist skin folds, often with maceration or erosions, are main predisposing factors in the normal patients. Lesions are usually appearing as moist erythematous rash with characteristic satellite lesions that can be observed on the health surrounding skin.

One factor that can cause impaired skin integrity is decreased tissue perfusion. Decreased tissue perfusion refers to “decrease in oxygen resulting in failure to nourish tissues at the capillary level” (Wilson, 2012). Reduced tissue perfusion causes the body to become distressed because it is not receiving enough oxygen. This causes the blood to “shunt to the core of the body where the vital organs are located,” such as the heart and the brain (Grossman & Porth, 2014). Since the client suffered from

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is caused by clonal expansion of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8; also known as Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) infected B cells (Nador et al., 1996). HHV8 is an oncogenic herpesvirus that pathogenically infects endothelial cells and B lymphocytes. Besides, PEL is also implicated in the pathogenesis of Kaposi’s sarcoma and multicentric Castleman’s disease (Carbone et al., 2009; Cai et al., 2010).

An 18-year-old male presents to the clinic complaining of skin changes over his arms and legs that have been persistently reappearing for the past few months. He says they are “unbearably itchy” and usually appear when he is outdoors, sweating a lot, or after he bathes. He claims that he wants some definitive treatment for them as they interfere with his academic activities. He uses generic lotion frequently because he tends to have dry skin, but the lotions have been ineffective with these itchy rashes. In review of activities, the patient explains that he has just returned from a biking and hiking trip in the mountains with friends, and recalls only one event where he fell in some bushes. Otherwise he admits to “staying clean” throughout his trip and bathing twice a day. The review of systems, in addition to his skin complaints, is otherwise negative. His past medical history includes mild persistent asthma and allergic rhinitis. His medications include an albuterol inhaler as needed,

Acroangiodermatitis is a rare vasoproliferative disorderof cutaneous blood vessels.2, 5It is a benign, exaggerated form of stasis dermatitis, and begins as violaceous macules and patches.They develop into nodules or indurated plaques over time, usually bilaterally on the extensor surfaces of lower extremities.1, 4It may present in childhood or early adult life according to the underlying cause.2

It tends to occur in middle-aged patients with female predominance. Skin lesions appear as purple, pruritic, polygonal papules. Oral lesions may be white, red, or erosive. The reticular type presents with classic Wickham striae, typically on the posterior buccal mucosa bilaterally, and is frequently asymptomatic. Other common involved are the ventrolateral tongue, and the gingiva. Erythematous and ulcerative presentations may be symptomatic. For asymptomatic cases, no treatment required. Histopathologic examination is characterized by hyperkeratosis, saw-tooth rete ridges and dense band-like chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate. The immunopathologic feature of lichen planus demonstrates the deposition of a tangled band of fibrinogen at the basement membrane zone. Topical or systemic corticosteroids recommended for symptomatic patients. Disease course is variable but my be waxing or

The patient tells me that his wife cuts his hair every two weeks. About four weeks ago, she noticed a bump on the back of the left side of his scalp. He says he did not notice it at all until she pointed it out. Now that he knows where it is, he says he notices it also. It has never been painful, but since they first noticed it, it seems to be getting bigger. He has not had any other similar thing in the past, except he remembers having a cyst on the back of his neck, but nothing on his scalp. There was no injury or trauma. It does not itch. It does not bleed. It does not hurt him in any way, but he and his wife have been concerned because it seems to have gotten bigger and it has not gone away. He has not had any treatment done for it thus far. He thought he should come here first for an evaluation. He has had no other unusual skin bumps that he is aware of. He does have a history of Parkinson's disease, as well as sleep apnea.