Case Study: Anemia

Anemia is a disorder of the blood. It occurs when your body does not produce enough erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBCs). Without the erythrocytes oxygen can not be adequately delivered to the tissues and organs throughout the body. This will cause you to become weak and tired. A person may also experience headaches, skin pallor, and faintness. Your body may attempt to compensate for these symptoms by speeding up the heart rate and respiratory rate. This is the body’s attempt to return oxygen levels to normal(Thibodeau and Patton, 2005).

The WBC and platelets are high because the Pt.’s body is trying to fight an infection.

My patient is a 58-year-old female, who presents with controlled type II diabetes, hypertension, and possibly thyroid tumors that have been there for a few years. She is under the care of a physician for her diabetes and associated controlled hypertension. I recommended several times that she see her physician after feeling the tumors around her neck and thyroid. Her medical history also indicates that she had rheumatic fever twelve to thirteen years ago, has arthritis in her knees, and occasional headaches. She is 5”3 and weighs 216 pounds. Her blood pressure was 126/80, pulse was 88 BPM, respirations were 20, and her temperature was 98.2 Fahrenheit. She doesn’t smoke and I made sure that she had eaten lunch and wasn’t hungry. She is currently on 100 mg Metformin for her diabetes, 120 mg. Lisinopril for hypertension, 40 mg. of Lovastatin to lower cholesterol, 80 mg. of Aspirin to prevent cardiovascular disease, and daily insulin. Reviewing her medical HX, I was informed that she usually checks her blood glucose daily, but had recently run out of strips, so it had been a

Iron is one of the important minerals that is required for our bodies to function properly. Most of the iron in our body is found in the blood such as haemoglobin, approximately 60 -70% of the human body’s iron is found in the haemoglobin, a protein in the blood that transports oxygen. Iron is also present in muscle tissue and some enzymes. There are two types of iron in the body which are “Heme Iron” from animal products and “Non-Heme Iron” vegetables and

My assigned resident for next week is 78- year- old woman. Tricyclic Antidepressant are medicine use to treat mental depression, and this resident is allergic to Tricyclic Antidepressant. She was diagnose with unspecified dementia, which means the symptoms of dementia exists but the cause is unknown. The resident was also diagnosis with cognitive heart failure, which is a weakness of heart meaning that the heart is unable to pump blood normally. Which result of not having enough blood flow to provide the body's organs with oxygen and nutrients. The resident is also diagnosis with diverticular disease of the large intestine. Moreover, resident has anaemia without obstruction. The resident also suffers from Osteoporosis, which is a disorder of thinning of the bones. However, Osteoporosis increase the chance of fractures due to the loss of calcium and other mineral components. Part of the treatment of Osteoporosis

The type of anemia this patient has is Iron Deficiency Anemia. Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) has been revealed to be the greatest mutual foundation of anemia globally, and it is acknowledged that people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progress to anemia as their kidney function deteriorates (Wittwer, 2013).

This type of lab usually shows the general health of the patient and the current state of blood cells. One of the segments of this lab is white blood cell (WBC) count. In ES’s lab work it was shown that his WBCs were at 16,700, which is high on the scale (normal values are 5,000-10,000). Upon further assessment it was found out that patient was not in current infection state (which is one of primary reasons of high WBCs) but it was due to corticosteroid therapy that he was on. Additionally to WBCs count is included red blood cell (RBC) count, and RBCs in their turn include hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Hemoglobin is a protein that binds to oxygen and helps it to transport it to cells. Hematocrit level is a way to measure the space that is being taken by red blood cells in the blood. In ES’s lab chart it was noted that RBCs were on low side of 4.5 million but are still within normal limits (normal values are 4.5-5 million). On other hand the hemoglobin levels were low, measured at 11.6 (normal levels are 14-18 in males). This puts ES on mild case of anemia. One medical journal state that “mechanisms of anemia in COPD are probably multifactorial. They may be anemia of chronic disease related to inflammation, iron and vitamin deficiency, comorbidities, hypogonadism or treatment related.” (Sarkar, M., Rajta, P. N., & Khatana, 2015). Another test that came up to

Ms. A is 26-year-old female with a history of menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea since she was 14-16 years old. In addition, she has taken aspirin during menstruation and for preventing and alleviating joint pain during golf season. Her signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, lethargy, light headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypotension. Her laboratory values show low Hemoglobin (HB), Hematocrit (HCT) and Erythrocyte (RBC) but normal in Reticulocyte (REIC) count. According to Chen, Zieve, & Ogilvie (2014, p. 1), the normal value of HB is 12.1 to 15.1g/dl, HCT is 36.1% to 44.3%, RBC count is 4.2 to 5.2 x10/mm and RETIC count is 0.5% to 1.5% in female. The low Hemoglobin and Hematocrit can direct that Ms. A has anemia. The RBC smear can determine her classification of anemia. Her RBC smear showed microcytic and hypochromic cells. The evidence can indicate that Ms. A has Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA).

.What does the map of the prevalence of hemoglobin disorders worldwide indicate about the disease?

also had a complete blood count, a blood test, as a baseline to assess his overall health. The complete blood count is “To evaluate numerous conditions involving red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This test is also used to indicate inflammation, infection, and response to chemotherapy (Bladh et al., 2013).” T.A.’s abnormal blood results were as follows: RBC 3.3 10^6 cells/microL (low), hemoglobin 11.0 g/dL (low), hematocrit 33.2% (low), and mean corpuscular volume 99.7 fL (high). The normal range for RBC should be 3.8-5.81 10^6 cells/microL. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels should be 12.6-17.4 g/dL and 36-52%. Normal mean corpuscular volume should be 79-103 fL. T.A.’s abnormal lab values indicate anemia. A decrease in red blood cell is related to nutrient deficiency such as a deficiency in iron or vitamins that are needed for red blood cell production and maturation. The decrease production or maturation of red blood cells lead to anemia in the patient. A low hemoglobin is associated with an overall decrease of red blood cell count and anemia caused by nutritional deficit of iron, vitamins, and folate. It can also be low due to a decrease level of erythropoietin caused by the AKI. Like hemoglobin, a low hematocrit is associated with an overall decrease of red blood cell count due to anemia, nutrition deficiency, and AKI. T.A.’s increased mean corpuscular volume is related to anemia caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency (Bladh et al.,

He found this recipe, attempted it out and On recently a month he figured out how to decrease know as much blood parameters go should typical. In front of he off those medicine as much urea, cholesterol, glucose, lipids and triglyceride levels were through those top Also were debilitating should make not kidding difficulties. He might have been both dumbfounded Furthermore astounded The point when then afterward Exactly An month as much blood investigation demonstrated superbly typical qualities. Presently he repeats those medication When a year, alternately At he has an inclination that there’s a need to it Furthermore prescribes it to Everybody who experiences comparative

Ms. A has noticed increased shortness of breath, and low levels of energy and enthusiasm especially during her menses. During a golf tournament, she became light-headed. She presented in the emergency clinic today with an elevated heart and respiratory rate, and low blood pressure. She reports history of menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea for 10-12 years. She takes 1,000 mg of aspirin every 3-4 hours for 6 days during her period and during the summer while playing golf for joint stiffness. This paper will explore the patient’s diagnosis, classify the anemia, and give the rationale for the diagnosis.

After finding out how important iron is to the diets of human beings, I was surprised to find out that iron deficiency is actually the most common nutritional deficiency around the world. This inspired me to make an investigation regarding iron to help people in multiple parts of the world to

Yes, her diet could have caused her to be iron deficient, but there are numerous other possible causative agents. If her diet is to blame, then her diet would need to be adjusted – while respecting her religious beliefs. One could ask the patient if her diet could be altered to include the foods that she has omitted, as the Seventh-Day Adventist Church supports doing what’s best for one’s health, including eating red meats and such medical interventions as blood transfusions (James, 2005).

Patient also, has history of hypertension, GERD, morbid obesity, anemia, and depression. She reported that the past few months, she has been feeling very weak and overall generalized deconditioning. Her ability to care for herself including her activities of daily living (ADLs), and her basic physical needs (like bathing, grooming, ambulation, meal preparation, transportation, errands, and housekeeping), had decreased, and cannot consistently carry them out.