Case Study : Club Drugs Addiction

Club drugs are synthetic drugs that are typically used in bars, night clubs, raves, and other gatherings. Some of these drugs have become popular in

While psychedelics can create a profound sense of distortion from reality urging the importance of putting yourself in a the right setting with the right people, there is little evidence that links psychedelics to toxic effects on the brain or body. So much so that researchers from the EmmaSofia organization in Oslo Norway claim that psychedelics are no more dangerous than common activities including playing soccer or riding a bike (Krebs, 2015). Psychedelic substances are known for altering your perception of reality, which could be dangerous if you’re somewhere that presents physical risks, but research suggests the psychedelics themselves do no damage physically. Not only are the psychedelics safe but they also provide therapeutic

Although the English word “drug” was only coined in the early 1300’s, humans have been partaking in the recreational use of substances since prehistoric times. Hallucinogens, alcohol, and opium existed before 6,000 BC; alcohol and tobacco use were common in the 1600’s ; and cocaine, LSD, marijuana, and heroin use rampaged in the last century despite harsh laws put in place.

Substance abuse remains a large problem in the United States (US). According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS), substance abuse continues to take a large toll on individuals, families, and communities nationwide. In 2005, an estimated 22 million people were struggling with drug and alcohol abuse in the US. Substance abuse disrupts families, impacts work and school productivity, causes financial problems, and is related to domestic violence, child abuse, and crime (USDHHS, 2015).

Since rave parties go on for long time periods, rave drugs or party drugs can often be used to keep the user wide awake or enhance their experience. Use of these drugs can lead to very negative consequences.

In 2015, there were 428,000 children in foster care (Kids count, 2018). The average age of a child, entering the foster care system is 7.4 years. In 2014, more than half the children entering the foster care system in the United States where children of color. On average, children entering the foster care system remain in the system for two years, but seven percent stay in the system for five or more years. Fourteen percent of the children entering the system live in a foster home or group homes. In 2014, more than 107,000 children in foster care were waiting to be adopted (Children’s Bureau, 2014).

Of those surveyed in 2011, 9.1% of respondents that were 15 and older confessed to using marijuana (Hudson et al., 2014). This illustrates that cannabis use among young people is much more prevalent than the use of ecstasy. Notably, contaminants of ecstasy are prevalent and can prove to be fatal (Hudson et al., 2014). Hudson et al. (2014) contend that a significant misapprehension is that ecstasy purchased on the street solely contains MDMA. Street-level ecstasy is seldom pure MDMA and typically it is mixed with other stimulants (Hudson et al., 2014). To exemplify, in 2007, the Health Canada Drug Analysis Service claimed that only 3% of ecstasy tablets that were seized contained pure MDMA, whereas in 2001 69% of seized ecstasy tablets contained pure MDMA (Hudson et al., 2014). It is evident that the purity of ecstasy has drastically decreased in the 2000s, and this is becoming an issue as people do not know what they are truly ingesting when using ecstasy. Hudson et al. (2014) maintain that two particular stimulants often found in ecstasy tablets include para-methoxymethamphetamine (PMMA) and para-methoxyamphetamine (PMA), both of which have caused a number of fatalities in Canada. From 2010, pills containing these stimulants have been viewed as contaminated ecstasy (Hudson et al., 2014). These stimulants are partially behind the rise in ecstasy-related overdoses across Canada.

Drug culture in the United States is constantly portrayed in the media and various entertainment outlets. The heavy presence of drug use in mainstream music, television, and news, is often glorified or excessively denounced, causing many to hold misconceptions about the factual consequences illegal drugs have on the human body. The United States Drug Enforcement Agency has categorized illegal drugs into five groups: narcotics, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, and drugs of concern.

The most common seen illegal drug around teens in the North New Jersey suburbs is Ecstasy, or generally called “E”. Ecstasy is usually taken by teens in the past for going to clubs in New York City. But today’s teens are using this drug far more than past teens have. Teens today are not only using this drug to go out clubbing, but also at house parties in the suburbs. A Federal Survey found that the use of MDMA, which is the abbreviated chemical name for Ecstasy, was up almost 50 percent among high school seniors last year from 1999 in the suburbs of New York City. The reason why these figures are up so much in a years time is the availability and the money that today’s teens in the suburbs have.

government over 700 billion dollars annually. A survey conducted by the Substance abuse and Mental Health Services Administration regarding drug use and health reported “23.5 million persons aged 12 or older needed treatment for an illicit drug or alcohol abuse problem in 2009 (9.3 percent of persons aged 12 or older). Of these, only 2.6 million—11.2 percent of those who needed treatment—received it at a specialty facility” (1). Desperate to find solutions to treat substance abuse problems other than the often unsuccessful rehabilitation programs, researchers are now considering the use of psychedelic substances to treat these issues. This idea is not the first of its kind. During the late 1960s and early 1970s, American scientists studied the effects of LSD on over 40,000 people including its effects on alcohol use. However, because many of these hallucinogens are classified as Schedule I substances and other restrictions imposed by the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), studies involving these drugs cannot be conducted easily within the United States (2). Fortunately, countries with more lax drug policies, such as Canada, allow for these substances to be studied. One such substance is

Being a consistent partygoer you may be exposed to a variety of interesting and highly addictive party drugs called MDMA’s or specifically ecstasy. Drugs like MDMA are often seen in the party lifestyle and are considered designer drugs because of the type of people who consumes them and the price. As lively as the drug may seem it can be extremely dangerous. The substances are typically produced in illegal laboratories, using a variety of chemicals. It is extremely difficult to predict their strength, what their effects will be and whether they contain poisonous ingredients (PAD). Drugs such as these pose serious risk to young people's health because these hallucinogens aren't grown naturally but made in a lab under no supervision. Anything

According to Drug Free World, an estimated 208 million people use illicit drugs internationally. Some people take them at home or out with friends, but one of the main places drugs are common is on the dance floor. Club drugs have become increasingly prevalent in our culture and there seems to be no signs of stopping. With how easily these drugs seem to get into clubs the problem is becoming larger and larger. These substances, whether its smoked, swallowed, inhaled, or injected, are extremely dangerous. They are used for their “high” and hallucinogenic effect but are also used for the purpose of sexual assault. Club drugs are dangerous substances that have adverse effects on the user’s short term and long-term health.

Designer drugs are substances that are plant derivatives such as marijuana and cocaine which is chemically reformulated to produce a much stronger effect that can cause serious damage to the brain with prolonged use. These designer drugs or sometimes known as “club drugs” or “party drugs” have become popular replacing the usual drugs commonly used. There has been tremendous increase in designer drugs usage for the past years. And each year there are several more new drugs being discovered that has penetrated night clubs. Some of the common designer drugs are: bath salts, Smiles, Foxy and NBOMe and synthetic cannabinoids like Spice and K2 drugs.

The usage of drugs is a very common practice in our society nowadays. The usage of drugs can vary from medical purposes to recreational purposes. What is drugs? ‘A drug is any chemical you take that affects the way your body works.’ (Science Museum, What is a drug?, n.d.) So this does not mean that drugs can only be in the form of pill, tablet, oral solution, and injection drugs can also in the form of tobacco that contains nicotine, or drinkable substance such as coffee and tea that contains caffeine and beer that contains alcohol. (Crocq, 2003) For some people nowadays recreational drugs already become a way of life.

This essay is based on a client Ibrahim (30 year old, male) who is currently living with his three siblings with their biological father and step mother. The client has a history of juvenile delinquency with outrageous behavior. Due the suspensions from the school, he has a low academic performance. Currently, he is jobless due to abusing drugs and low academic performance, which made him feel depressed. The purpose of the essay is to evaluate the clients’ problems with the help of consistency theory and understand the possible neurological underpinnings that may have occurred in his brain. Also recommend possible interventions that are most fitting for client.