Case Study : ' Conveyor Belt '

The polar ice and climate change is not only affecting the arctic, but it is affecting the human race, too. The ice melting as we all know, but what we don’t know is what is the after affect of ice melting. While the ice is melting it thins out and that causes the ice to spread. The ice has gone through Russia and now to Canada in four- five years. This distance of ice spreading used to take six-seven years. This means the ice is now melting more pushing the other ice faster! What some people may not know is that as the ice moves it carries pollution, and when it is spring and summer all the ice melts and pollution goes into the ocean.

For many years now, scientists have believed that our climate is changing. This climate change has caused water currents up north, near Antarctica to shift leading to warm waters taking the place of the usual cold arctic waters. Warm water melts the glaciers and causes the top of the glaciers to float off into the sea, allowing the warm water to melt even more glaciers. The extra glacier melting into our sea has caused the sea levels to raise and the

Jeffers is a man who favored nature over mankind, In Star Swirls Jeffers wrote, “The polar ice-caps are melting, the mountain glaciers drip into rivers; all feed the ocean; tides ebb and flow, but every year a little bit higher. They will drown New York, they will drown London” ( John Robinson Jeffers - “Star Swirls”). Star Swirls presents us with the effects that global warming has on Americans lives. Global warming has been a long disused issue for years and is has been observed in the United States and worldwide, and is projected to increase substantially over the next century. Journal Science Advances, show research conducted in 2017 on how New York will be most affected by the ice on the northeastern half of Greenland. “The tilt of the Earth as it spins around the sun shifts the water from the melting caps, so the water doesn't trickle straight down. This means that, though the icy country is more than 3,000 miles from New York, water from Greenland but also, strangely enough, Antarctica, will affect New York more than other coastal cities that are closer” ( Ivins). Journal Science Advances, also shows us other parts of

In recent months, scientists have been taking notice to record cool temperatures observed in the North Atlantic Ocean, while the rest of the world is experiencing record warmth. They believe this cooling of the water to be due to the accelerated melting of the Greenland ice

Cooling was then sustained by melting sea ice in the North Atlantic Ocean, which interfered with mixing between surface and deep waters, causing the water flowing back to the Arctic to be colder, sustaining large areas of sea ice which reflect sunlight back to the atmosphere. Scientists discovered that many plants on Baffin Island in the Canadian Artic died suddenly between 1275 and 1300 CC, and again around 1450 CC, based on radiocarbon dating. It was also discovered that annual layers in sediment cores from a glacial lake linked to an Icelandic ice cap became thicker. This indicates that erosion increased due to expansion of the ice cap, demonstrating that the above positive feedback cycle occurred (Parry, 2012).

Global climate change is an issue being debated all over the world from the recent presidential debates late last year to documentaries being created on either side of the global warming debate. Currently, the world is experiencing many tremendous changes including warming or the earth and rising of our oceans. “The heat extremes were especially pervasive in the Arctic, with temperatures in the fall running 20 to 30 degrees Fahrenheit above normal across large stretches of the Arctic Ocean. Sea ice in that region has been in precipitous decline for years, and Arctic communities are already wrestling with enormous problems, such as rapid coastal erosion, caused by the changing climate” ”(Gillis, 2). Some believe that global warming exists while

As well as being an area where nutrients are recycled and released into the water, the Polar Front region in the North Atlantic plays a fundamental role in the driving of ocean currents. At the front near the Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian (GIN) seas and the Labrador Sea, warm salty water from the North Atlantic is cooled by Arctic waters and by intense heat loss to the atmosphere; it becomes denser and sinks to deeper layers of the ocean. Salt rejected as sea ice forms also increases the density and contributes to the process. Although a slow process, this sinking takes place over a wide area and each winter several million cubic kilometers of water sink and begin moving slowly south along the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. It is known as thermohaline circulation because it is driven in part by temperature and partly by salinity differences.

One of the global warming changes our planet is going through is the melting of glaciers in the Arctic sea. John Hawkins states, “How much Arctic ice really matters is an open question since the very limited evidence we have suggests that a few

In one of the anecdote about Al gore’s trip to North Pole to measure ice thickness, Booker reported, “The men going on this expedition had to be airlifted back because the ice was too thick to measure with an electronic instrument” (Booker, 2015). In addition, Booker also provide another anecdote that shows “Canadian scientists studying the effect of climate change on Arctic ice ..had to suspend their research because their vessel was trapped in the thickest summer ice” (Booker 2015). With these two anecdotes, Booker believe the Arctic has not experienced the effects of climate change because the Arctic is still seen as a very cold, dangerous place. Empirically speaking, it is difficult to conduct research by sending humans to measure glaciers’ thickness in the Arctic, but this difficulty does not disprove any of the satellites data supporting the effects of climate change. The informations we have yet to find can not dismiss the evidences we do have that support how climate change is affecting ocean sea levels and

The change the Artic will have an impact on the earth. Temperatures in the Arctic are rising at twice the rate of the rest of the world on average, and melting glaciers and land-based ice sheets are contributing to rising sea levels. Rising ocean temperatures are affecting ocean ecosystems. In turn having an affect on the communities and economies that depend on them. The changing Arctic could lead to global changes in ocean-based food security that will place additional burdens on economies, societies, and institutions around the world.

The Earth has undergone a series of physical transformations throughout its history, and every transformation changes the way things such as water currents, heat circulation, and climate manifest. Twenty million years ago, the Atlantic and Pacific oceans flowed freely between North and South America because there was no land barrier between them, which meant that the salinity of the oceans were similar. This meant that warm water vapor wasn’t being carried up to the North Atlantic, like happens today. When the pacific plate was pushed under the Caribbean plate volcanoes, islands, and eventually the body of land that connects North and South America formed. This caused the currents of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans to go towards the north,

It has been observed through various researches that in the last century, average temperatures across the globe increased by over 1.3°F with an increase of more than two times in the Arctic. (Bates, Kundzewicz, Wu, & Palutikof, June 2008). The results of climate change can also be seen in changing precipitation patterns, increases in ocean temperatures, changes in the sea level, and acidity and melting of glaciers and sea ice (USEPA, 2014).

The movement makes an example of wind that starts to flow and structures an inside.

The Ice Chronicles is an in-depth look at one scientists story of drilling for ice cores in arctic climates. The book also describes how the ice cores are drilled and how the ice cores are processed. The team of scientists use the ice cores and the chemical composition of them to get a better grasp of past climates and climate changes. The main drilling mentioned is the Greenland Ice Sheet Project that was overseen by many agencies and supported by multiple higher-education institutions. The project took many seasons and the teamwork of many top scientists from many top universities and research organizations. The data recovered from the thousands of meters of drilled ice contained the answers to many questions pertaining to the climate of now and the way the world climate once was. The drill was positioned at the very top of a glacier in a spot that was studied closely to make sure the project could yield the most accurate data for observation. The project took place in the early 1990’s and was completed by the 2000’s, but the data collected will help serve the world population for lifetimes ahead. The research conducted proves that humans have had some impact on the global climate, and also proves that the world goes through natural climate changes that last longer than human population has ever inhabited Earth.

Ocean circulation patterns influence global climate by distributing heat, moisture and CO2. The North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is a process that mixes warm water with cold water. The efficiency of this current depends on its density and salinity. The changes