Case Study : Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Blood glucose needs to be tested to ensure the blood glucose is not too high or too low to determine how much insulin is needed.

Diabetes is a growing concern and health challenge for the American people (b). Diabetes is a condition in which the body cannot react to insulin appropriately or either cannot produce insulin efficiently (w). “Without a properly functioning insulin signaling system, blood glucose levels become elevated and other metabolic abnormalities occur, leading to the development of serious, disabling complications” (w). There are numerous forms of diabetes amongst the nation, however, there are three main forms of diabetes. Most people have heard of type one diabetes, type two diabetes, and gestational diabetes because they are common. Type two diabetes deals with a resistance to insulin, while

This test indicates to the doctor whether or not the body is processing glucose correctly. Diabetes is diagnosed with this test if after two hours the blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 200 mg. There is also a Random Plasma Glucose Test, which is a blood test that can be done at any point in the day when experiencing diabetic symptoms (American Diabetes Association, 2013).

An A1C test will provide the average blood glucose levels for the past three months, this test will measure the amount of glucose attached to hemoglobin (NIH, 2016). What you are looking for in an A1C test is for the percentage to be below 5.7, if the level is 6.5 percent or higher then it means you have diabetes (Mayo Clinic, n.d). A random blood sugar test is when it can be taken anytime. If the results show a level of 200 mg/dl or higher it indicates you have diabetes if you are below 200 mg/dl, you do not have diabetes (Diabetes co UK, n.d). A fasting blood sugar test needs to be taken after eight hours of no food; these are preferably done in the morning. Someone with a result of 99 or below is at no risk, 100 to 125 is pre-diabetes and 126 or above means you have diabetes (NIH,n.d).In order to take an oral glucose tolerance test you must eat for at least 8 hours prior taking the test. The normal level is between 139 or below, 140 to 199 is pre-diabetes, 200 and above means, you have diabetes (NIH,

There are three types of diabetes: type 1diabetes and type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. All three are chronic conditions that "affect how the body uses blood glucose" or blood sugar. The body needs glucose because it is "an important source of energy for the cells that make up an individual 's muscles and tissues" Individuals with diabetes have too much glucose in their blood, which will inevitably lead to serious problems with a person 's health. Since every cell, tissue, and muscle needs glucose to function properly, it is important for a person who shows signs and symptoms of diabetes to see a doctor

Diabetes is one of the major health issues with which the America is battling today. Increasing incidents of diabetes have are reported in the United States in the past decade. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, the body does not use insulin properly. At first, the pancreas makes extra insulin to make up for it. However, over time the pancreas is not able to keep up and cannot make enough insulin to keep the blood glucose levels normal.

Since doctors have not figured out a cure for this disease yet, the only way to treat it is to manage it (Joslin Diabetes Center). Some ways to do that is by eating healthy, exercising, losing extra weight, and medications. Common medications include metformin, glucophage, and glumetza (Mayo Clinic). In addition, some patients use insulin therapy to manage their diabetes. This is a once or twice a day injection of insulin (American Diabetes Association etal.). Given these points, diabetes can achieve the common goal of an A1C less than 7% and overall keeping their blood glucose levels between 80 to 130 mg/dl. before a meal and less than 180 mg/dl. after a meal. The way patients with diabetes know their blood glucose levels when not at the doctor’s office is by using a meter. The way this machine works is by the patient pricking their finger in order to get a drop of blood, putting the blood on a test strip. They then stick the test strip with the blood in the meter and the meter gives them their current blood glucose level (American Diabetes

If you are eligible for Medicare, then you have the right to know, upon request and prior to receiving treatment, the health care facility accepts the Medicare assignment rate as payment in full. The Diabetes Education Program at Broward Health Medical Center can teach you how to live a healthier and more productive life. In order to determine whether or not you have pre-diabetes or diabetes, a physician conducts a Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test or an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Either test can be used to diagnose pre-diabetes or diabetes. The American Diabetes Association recommends the FPG because it is easier, faster and less expensive to perform. With the FPG test, a fasting blood glucose level between 100 and 125 mg/dl signals pre-diabetes. A person with a fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg/dl or higher has

The three methods are the Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) which indicated more or less than 7. 0mmol/L this is done in the morning before breakfast and fasting overnight for an eight-hour period (Lewis et all, 2014, p. 1451). Secondly an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) which includes (FPG) and glucose test. These test measurement are reviewed two hours after consuming glucose containing solution, showing a glucose levels less than or greater than 11.1 mmol/L periods (Lewis et all, 2013, p. 1451). Lastly the HbA1C glucose tests show if the glucose level is

The authors thoroughly discussion the reason for each laboratory test. In additional to the threaded discussion there are many signs and symptoms, many of which go unnoticed until the disease is in the late stages. Mr. Bobo is a diabetic which seems uncontrolled so focusing on education is of importance. Education has been identified as a significant factor in the effective control of blood glucose levels. Education is import to emphasize to the patient the importance of close monitoring and management as diabetes can become a chronic disease with multiple health issues and a poor quality of life. Mr. Bobo will need to know the importance of making changes to their lifestyle in regards to nutrition, diet, and weight control. Casto, Cherry, Ellerbee, Gatlin, and Young thoroughly discussion long term complications such as eye complications, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. Complications from diabetes can be quite serious to life threatening, including kidney damage, nerve damage, which cause numbness, pain or tingling sensations, amputation due to lack of circulation or secondary infection, and retina damage, an incurable condition that can lead to a total loss of

Question 1: Are college students who are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus during freshman and sophomore years more likely to have difficulties coping than individuals diagnosed prior to college attendance?

A. There is a range that diabetes need to keep there blood glucose between which is also known as the normal range. In people that do not have diabetes the normal range is between 70 and 120. A blood glucose level goes up after eating but 1 or 2 hours later it should return to its normal levels. Although every diabetic is different, there glucose numbers still need to be close to a persons without diabetes.

The World Health Organization (2016) defines Type 2 diabetes as ‘a chronic disease that occurs when the body cannot effectively use the insulin that is produced by the pancreas’. Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent form of diabetes mellitus. A number of individuals with Type 2 diabetes initially produce standard amounts of insulin, however, their tissues over time do not respond appropriately to insulin (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2012). Insulin resistance occurs in individuals with Type 2 diabetes, as a result of the human body’s cells reacting ineffectively to insulin. As a result of the cells resisting the effects of insulin,

The diagnostic test used for Diabetes is the Glucose Intolerance Test, this is where the individual will not eat 8-12 hours before this test. Blood is taken to test the glucose levels throughout the blood, a glucose drink is then given to the individual and then blood is taken from the individual at regular points throughout the test. This is to ensure that the blood results are reliable and there is a pattern that can be seen through the results. The doctors will have a measurement of the right amount of glucose that should be in the individuals blood. Those with

The final analysis was done with the data of 236 type 2 diabetic patients in MR and HR categories based on KDIGO classification with dyslipidemia and hypertension and they were followed up for the period of one year. Of 236 patents, 115 patents were followed up intensively. The demographic, anthropometric details of the study population were presented in table 1. In both the groups’ majority of the participants were males with the diabetic duration of 12.2 and 11.5 years in group I and Group II, respectively. Majority of the patients were on mixed diet (non vegetarians). Presence of family history of diabetes (group I: 65.28 %; group II: 53.91%) family history of diabetic nephropathy (group I: 11.39 %; group II: 12.9 %) and