Case Study: Hand In Hand India

Child labor was very common and popular especially in the late 1800s and early the 1900s even though many people were not aware of the dangers. We can define child labor as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and cause to their physical and mental development. Children are the base of a country but in a developing country child labor is an issue that has yet to disappear. Most of the children remain illiterate because of their poor economic condition and parents do not have enough money to spend on the education of their children, rather they send their children for work so that they could earn some money during their poor economic condition. The objective of my research paper is to raise awareness

In the mid- 1800s , in more developed countries such as great britain and the united states , child labor was simply part of the ebb and flow of family life. whether children worked on family farms, as apprentices to artisans , or as domestic laborers in kitchens and households, their labors was considered to be a significant , and necessary , contribution to the family’s survival. By the mid-1900s , most developed countries has compulsory education laws that limited child labor (zoltan ,melanie barton). By the turn of the twenty- first century , discussions on child labor centered On these less - development regions , specifically on countries such as mexico, Guatcmala, china, and malaysia (zoltan , melanie barton). Crities of child labor

Child labor is the use of children in industry or business, that can deprive them from their childhood, keep them away from attending school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful. This practice have numerous occurrences all through history and is one of the worst forms of child exploitation, particularly, with during the industrial revolution. Over the years it has grown to become one of the many serious social issues around the world. According to statistics provided by UNICEF, there are an estimated 250 million children aged 5 to 14 years employed in child labor worldwide and this figure is continuously increasing. Even with the standardized federal labor laws in effect in 1938 not a lot has changed. Child labor not only causes damage to a child’s physical and mental health but also keep him deprive them from their basic rights to education, childhood, and freedom. Child labor has very bad effects on the society that can result to consequences that can exploit the future generation.

“The 2010 ILO Global Report Accelerating action against child labor notes that child labor continues to decline, but that the rate of reduction has slowed. There was a decline of 3% between 2004 and 2008, compared with a 10% decrease between 2000 and 2004.” (UN). Some countries haven’t even developed laws and regulations that are crucial to the process of eliminating child labor. “India, Norfolk Island, Pakistan, and Tonga have not established a minimum age for work. India and Pakistan, as well as six Oceanic countries and territories, have not established a minimum age for hazardous labor. Fiji, Kiribati, Maldives, and Papua New Guinea have not prohibited hazardous occupations and activities for children.” (DOL). Families who are in poverty make it harder to stop child labor and get children education. “Prohibitive costs associated with education—such as books, uniforms, and teacher fees—prevent children from attending school in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Kiribati, Kyrgyz Republic, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, and the Solomon Islands.” (DOL). Because families are poor, they are unable to buy school supplies needed for school, therefore, they cannot attend. In addition, starving families do not see school and education as their number one priority. “Physical access to education is a problem for children living in remote, rural areas, particularly in Bhutan, Cambodia, India,

Child Labor around the world has impacted the way we live even in the new century were technologies has evolved along with civilization. Many developing countries support Child Labor the decrease poverty line and keep their economy stable. Child Labor is also encouraged by many poor citizens believing that it is a way they could support themselves and their families. Worldwide about 217 million children work full time, countries like India there is about 33 million child laborer between the ages 5-18 (Perspective | Child Labor: The Inconvenient Truth behind India's Growth Story). Through the history of Child Labor in the United States, developing countries can take examples and solutions to reduce the percentage of child laborer working in their countries. As Child Labor rate decreases, many students get to obtain the necessary education and pressure a career of their choice. Malala Yousafzai, a female education activist and

Children in India are being forced to work many hours a day for very little pay. More than 20 % of India’s economy are child workers under the age of 14. This is a problem they operate on deadly machines and they can be harmed. They also are exposed to bad working environments and can be injured or killed. If the refuse to work they are threatened or beaten. This a problem and this needs to stop because children have the right to a child hood. (Dougall,

“Child labor keeps children out of school and is thus a major barrier to development. (1)”

The recent report of International Confederation of Free Trade Unions shows that as many as 60 million children working in India are in agricultural, industrial and commercial sectors. An insight can be drawn from the report that India's booming economy is taking advantage

“Child Labour; the Effect on Child, Causes, and Remedies to the Revolving Menace,” defines child labor as referring to “children who miss their childhood and are not able to have the basic amenities which a child should have.” There are many different reasons and causes for child labor. For some countries, child labor is considered to be a cultural norm. From the time children are old enough to be taught a skill, they are often trained in that field and put to work in order to help provide for their families. Other times, it is the sheer exploitation of a family’s struggle and desperation that leads these children into the industry.

India alone is receiving $40 million this year to reach 80,000 working children (CQ Researcher 2010). While ILO enacted the 1999 Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention which restricts all full-time work and any work by children under 12, children in developing countries aren’t attending school on a daily basis. They are forced to work hazardous jobs at young ages and endure debilitating abuse.

The problem of child labour continues to pose a challenge before the nation. Government has been taking various pro-active measures to tackle this problem. However, considering the magnitude and extent of the problem and that it is essentially a socio-economic problem inextricably linked to poverty and illiteracy, it requires concerted efforts from all society to make a dent in the problem.

child cannot be simultaneously working at a factory and studying at school, higher incidences of child labor translate into lower educational levels in a country and less formation of human

Child labor is a cause and consequence of poverty and education and training is crucial to breaking this cycle. At the same time, interventions on education and training must be integrated with other interventions to effectively remove children from hazardous work. This includes measures which address poverty and underdevelopment, inadequate health and social policies, weak labor market institutions, inadequate legislation and an inadequate enforcement of laws.

Poverty is the main reason for child labour. Poor households need the money, which their children can earn. Children contribute to 20 – 25 % of family income. It is obvious that the survival of certain families depends on the children’s earnings.

India is a republic dominion in South Asia. It has the second highest population in the world after China, which reached the 1 billion mark in June 2000. As per the latest Census of 2011, the total population of the country is 1.21 billion, which includes 623.12 million males and 587.4million females. India’s share of the world population is 17 percent. The literacy rate among the population for seven years and above for the country stands at 72.99 percent. The total workforce in the country is 397 million, going by the latest Round of National Sample Survey (NSS) of Employment and Unemployment. Nearly 92 percent or more out of this are occupied in the unorganized sector activities, counting informal sector, whereas in organized sector, almost 8% is employed. The ratio of workforce engaged in agriculture to that in non agriculture sector is 3:2 for the total employment. As far as the non-agriculture sector employment is concerned, 82% is the unorganized workforce and about 18 per cent is the organized segment. Out of the total workforce of the country, merely about 12 to 15 per cent of the total workforce in the country is estimated to be falling in the category of wage or salary employment. As per the Economic Survey, Government of India 2002-03, such employees comprise about 40 per cent of the workforce in the urban areas and 6 per cent of the workforce in the rural areas. As per the Government of India report of 2002, only 5% of the work force, aged from 20 to 24 has