Case Study: Jabil Circuit Inc.

Brooks also engaged in accounting fraud schemes designed to increase the net income and profits that DHB reported in its press releases and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) by falsely inflating the value of DHB’s existing inventory, adding non-existent inventory to the company’s books and records, and fraudulently reclassifying expenses.

The situation began to unfold when the Securities and Exchange Commission was probing into a restatement of the company's stock price. Kozlowski's business practices raised some eyebrows. In 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) initiated an inquiry into Tyco's practices that resulted in a restatement of the company's earnings. In January, 2002, questionable accounting practices came to light. Tyco had forgiven a $19 million, no-interest loan to Kozlowski in 1998 and had paid the CEO's income taxes on the loan. It was found that he company's stock price had been overrated, and that the CEO and CFO had sold 100 million dollars' worth of shares, and then stated to the public that he was holding them, which was a misrepresentation and misled the investors.

MTC initially needed to obtain substantial investment capital due to two main factors: a research-heavy industry, and the need to create most of the markets for its products. Although the founders' goal was to become a major manufacturing company, they did estimate that the company would need $50 million in capital before it would become self-sufficient. Their initial financing model was to first recruit a superior technical team, use that to attract additional equity investment and development funding from interested corporations, and then develop manufacturing capabilities. Commercial sales began 2.5 years after inception, and MTC is nearing the break-even point in 1990.

The Court found that Cuban had not “misappropriated” any material non-public information because he had not violated a “legal duty to refrain from trading. Cuban had not promised that he would not trade after learning about a PIPE offering. The judge also said that the SEC failed to show that Cuban undertook a legal duty to not use the information he learned from those two phone calls with Mamma.com representatives. Mark Cuban did not have any fiduciary duty to not act upon the information. The Mamma.com CEO asked Cuban to keep their conversation confidential. However, that didn’t prove that Cuban had a legal duty to Mamma.com that would prohibit him from selling his shares based on what he was told. He just promised to not disclose the information to the others, not promised to not act upon what someone told him.

Star River Electronics Ltd. is a large manufacturer and supplier of CD-ROMS based in Singapore. It was founded as a joint venture between an Asian venture capital firm, New Era Partners and Starlight Electronics Ltd, UK. It has enjoyed a great deal of success in the past, due in large part to their excellent reputation for producing high-quality discs.

Company stood to lose reputation and its manufacturing license. There could be damaging legal notices and lawsuits which can harm the company for some time.

The BBB reports a government action against them. Their BBB file shows that on 10-9-14 the SEC charged current and former E*Trade subsidiaries with inappropriately selling their penny stocks through unregistered offerings. This case has been closed and the SEC announced that E*Trade and their current and former subsidiaries failed in their custodian roles during a four-year period when they inappropriately engaged in unregistered sales of their customers microcap stocks, while blatantly ignoring red flags that such activity was obviously occurring. This resulted in E*Trade being required to pay back more than $1.5 million in disgorgement and prejudgment interest from the commissions they earned on the improper sales, as well as a combined penalty of $1 million.

At face value one would conclude that JPM officials did so because they had gains from such inaction. It was discovered that the current Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Jamie Dimon and twelve other current and former executives and directors knew about the Bernard Madoff ponzi scheme but failed to disclose this information. As Board of Directors and Executives it was within their primary job description to maximize the profits of the company thereby reaping higher returns for their shareholders. So one might assume their inaction was for the benefit of shareholders and much to the detriment of the unfortunate Madoff victims.

Companies strive to choose not only the best marketing channels, but also the best profitable channel. A profitable channel can promote and successfully sell out of a product that might not otherwise turn a profit for their producers (New Charter University 2015). “The calculations from the cost accountant for the retail segment accounts were 60 percent of sales, and for the foodservice segment accounts were 40 percent. The cost accountant believes that both channels are profitable. The accountant also believes that the company achieves an overall average gross margin of 60 percent on its sales (Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper, M. B.,

Star River Electronics Ltd. is a large manufacturer and supplier of CD-ROMS based in Singapore. It was founded as a joint venture between an Asian venture capital firm, New Era Partners and Starlight Electronics Ltd, UK. It has enjoyed a great deal of success in the past, due in large part to their excellent reputation for producing high-quality discs.

Corporate directors and officers often obtain advance inside information because of their positions. Sometimes the information can affect the future market value of the corporate stock. It is obvious that their positions can give them a trading advantage over the general public and shareholders. Often times the insider is the company manager; other times it is the company's lawyer, investment banker, or even the printer of the company's financial statement. Anyone who has knowledge before public dissemination of that information stands to benefit from good news or bad news.

1. The main criteria FEL uses to assign managers to their projects include time constraints and expertise. Clearly, managers with heavy workloads will not do as well as those without significant current time constraints. Hence, the likelihood that the work will progress smoothly under such managers is greater than otherwise. Expertise is also an important requirement to ensure that a project runs smoothly. Hence, the combination of low time constraints with the highest level of expertise appears to be a good basis for successful projects. However, one potential danger of assigning an apparently random number of managers to teams who need to work closely together could create communication problems, especially if these managers have not worked together before, or indeed if severe personality clashes occur. Hence, it might be a good idea to conduct regular assessments of the progress of the work as well as how well managers function together, particularly in a remote location such as Abu Dhabi.

1. Evaluate the economics of Gulf's exploration and development program in net present value terms. How do Gulf's outlay for exploration and development compare to cash returns Gulf generates from these activities.

Main character in this fraud is Mr. Dennis Kozlowski, the CEO of Tyco. He misappropriated around $270 million through unauthorized loans, sale of Tyco securities and undisclosed compensation. In order to conceal these amounts, the compensation was incorrectly offset against unrelated gains. This led to violation of GAAP and misrepresented financial statements. For example, $44.6 million of bonuses were offset against gain from IPO of one of Tyco’s subsidiaries. They have also netted the bonuses with gain on disposal of business and gain on sale of common stock. According to ASC 718 Compensation, these and other bonuses should have been disclosed in operating earnings and should have decreased operating income. However, since they were offset against one-time gains, they did not have any impact on operating income. This “hiding” of compensation occurred on several occasions – the expenses were also netted against gain on sale

Duracell International Inc. is an American brand of batteries and smart power systems owned by the subsidiary The Gillette Company and its parent company is Procter & Gamble. Duracell over past decades has evolved into a strong brand that “Duracell” is used as a verb in context of batteries .It is the world's leading manufacturer and marketer of high-performance alkaline batteries.