Introduction Sentencing bias occurs in most of the court cases in the United States of America. Sentencing bias can include races such as Hispanic/Latino, Asian Americans, White Americans, and Native Americans. This brings us to talk about sentencing disparities? In which a court case trial is not treated the same or it is treated differently than other cases. However, who faces the most disparities in sentencing? Could it be African American’s who face’s the most trends and Asian American’s the
Another study which was conducted by psychologists Laurie Ragatz of West Virginia University and Brenda Russell of Penn State Berks used internet surveys. They used 458 surveys which explored ways of how prejudice shapes our views on criminal defendants, and how it is ingrained into our minds throughout our lifetime. Additionally, this study surrounded a trial that occurred in Texas in 2001, in order to research their views. In the case in which the study surrounded a male lover
not all who grow up without a father have the issues described below, the following studies and statistics do show the effects and risk factors when a family structure lacks a father. It is also true that those who lack a father can become very successful and turn into responsible and healthy individuals. While some may debate the case for nature/nurture in fatherless families, we will talk a look at specific studies and statistics that show the correlation between fatherless families and education
As Nils Christie argued, crime is a property of the state (2004). As such, it can be defined by the same systems of ideals which influence the state. Crime statistics, which refer to a category of human acts that society view as deviant, can consequently be argued to be without objectivity (Dorling and Simpson, 1999). The statistics they provide are thus arguably not exact. To a certain extent one could infer they are reflections of society, of those who present the data and most importantly
researcher in the fields of psychology sociology, genetics, and the juvenile justice system have contemplated the reason why some youth turn to delinquency and violence. To investigate the reasons, for some adolescents you would have to research on a case to case basis could fall into one category of multiple categories stemming, why they act the way they do and what cause these reactions. Some researchers may want to find reasons that is caused in the genetic line, it is the youth’s social atmosphere
transfer function work as the following: takes the input value compare it to a specific threshold in order to decide the output value, turn the input value into: 0 or 1, or other numbers in case step function, and the output value will be in range between 0 to 1 incase sigmoid function (logsig) and between -1 to +1 in case tan-sigmoid (tansig). Figure1 Hard Limit (Step) Transfer Function[4] Figure2 Linear Transfer Function[4] Figure3 Sigmoid Transfer Function[4] Table1 Transfer
The Role of Inhibitory Modulation of Languages among Bilinguals In a rich linguistic environment, where more than 7000 languages are spoken in 149 countries, multilingualism and bilingualism are inevitable (Crystal, 2003; Grosjean, 2010). While the causes of increased bilingualism and multilingualism can vary, the repercussions of this demographic shift are wide reaching (O’Brien, Curtin, & Naqvi, 2014). Consequently, research on bilingualism and multilingualism has also dramatically increased in
sexual abuse is a serious concern that has been associated with long term effects amongst survivors. Using secondary data, this qualitative piece of research explores the long term effects of child sexual abuse in later adult life. The purpose for this study is to create awareness to professionals that sexual abuse effects continue long after the abuse stops thus, sufficient knowledge on the characteristics of the abuse.