Case Study Of Acute Leukaemia

Multiple Myeloma is a form of cancer which affects the plasma cells of the body, which are white blood cells. Multiple Myeloma, first described in 1848, is a disease “characterized by a proliferation of malignant plasma cells and a subsequent overabundance of monoclonal paraprotein.” To understand how Multiple Myeloma affects an infected person’s plasma cells, it helps to have a general understanding of how normal blood cells are formed and how they act. Most blood cells develop from stem cells, which can be found in bone marrow (soft material inside our bones – the “filling”). Stem cells mature into white blood cells, red blood cells, or platelets.2 The purpose of white blood cells is to fight off infection, while

Leukemia is a cancer of blood cells, specifically white blood cells that are responsible for fighting infection. However, the abnormal cells in leukemia do not function in the same way as normal white blood cells. Leukemia cells continue to grow and divide, eventually crowding out normal blood cells. The end result is that it becomes difficult for the body to fight infections, control bleeding and transport oxygen (Medicine Net, 2015). It is estimated that each year, approximately 30,800 individuals will be diagnosed with leukemia in the United

Leukemia broadly describes conditions that affect erythropoiesis in the bone marrow, lymphatic system, and spleen. As with all other cancers, leukemia begins from the mutation of DNA in certain cells. Classifications of leukemias are based on the age of onset and the leukocyte involved (Lewis et al. 2014, 665). The most common leukemia is chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), accounting for approximately 30% of cases in the United States (Copstead and Banasik 2013, 222). The normal function of the bone marrow, spleen, and liver becomes interrupted by the invasion of malignant lymphocytes (B cells); since the B cells are functionally inactive, a patient becomes more susceptible to infections. The sluggish progression of CLL unfortunately leads to late diagnoses and poor prognosis (Lewis et al. 2014, 665). Patients that become symptomatic in later stages will experience fatigue, weight loss, anorexia, and an increased susceptibility to infection, due to abnormal antibody production. Patient specific factors such as age, disease progression, and medication side effects will determine the course of treatment (Copstead and Banasik 2013, 223). The fragile state of patients with CLL requires continuous examination of drug therapy and interventions to prevent further complications.

Leukemia is a type of cancer that sadly causes around 25,000 deaths in the U.S. each year. The area that it affects is the blood and the bone marrow and like most or all of the types of cancer in the world if not taken control of early it will most likely kill you.

Multiple myeloma is a form of cancer that results from the uncontrolled growth of abnormal plasma cells. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell produced in the soft tissue inside bones (bone marrow). These are cells in your blood that normally help you fight infection. They are part of your body’s defense system (immune system). Plasma cells that become cancerous will grow out of control. As a result, they interfere with normal blood cells and many important functions that normal cells perform in the body. With multiple myeloma, the abnormal plasma cells cause multiple tumors to form.

Cancer is an exceptionally uncommon infection in kids. Every year about eight thousand children are identified to have some type of cancer (Cancer.org). Evidently, the Cancer.org site identifies that due to the recent advances in medical treatment a number of these children have been cured. Notwithstanding, there have been great improvements in survival rates with increases of the number of children beating pediatric cancer increasing daily, and these have been accomplished using chemotherapy and national and global clinical trials. Today with more than sixty percent of youngsters identified to have cancer cured by surgery, chemotherapy,

The type of cancer I chose to write about is called acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is developed through damaged bone marrow and blood cells. Stem cells form blood cells, these stem cells that form white cells start out as cells then generate into blast cells, or also known as lymphoblast. Lymphoblast then produce a cell a type of white blood cell known as lymphocytes. This damaged cell then becomes a leukemic cell and multiples into billions of cells leukemic lymphoblast cells. This then causes the number of healthy blood cells to drastically lower. The origin of the word "acute" comes from the fact that the disease progresses rapidly and creates immature blood cells, rather than mature ones. It also can be called acute lymphocytic leukemia. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms are caused due to an increase in the red blood cell production (a mutation in the JAK2 gene)

The age-adjusted incidence of acute myeloid leukemia is 3.6 per 100000 persons per year, with a median age of 66 years at diagnosis. Whereas the outcome for patients with AML who are less than 60 years of age has improved over the past several decades, the major reasons for failure are primary refractoriness of the disease to initial chemotherapy or failure to maintain the complete state of remission.. Some patients have residual leukemic cells in their marrow even after intensive treatment. This is referred to as “refractory leukemia.” There are other patients who have a return of leukemia cells in the marrow and a decrease in normal blood cells after achieving a remission. This is referred to as “relapsed leukemia.” (Leukemia and Lymphoma Society 2011)

Leukemia is a cancer that affects the bone marrow. The bon marrow is the soft spongy center of the bone that produces blood cells. Leukemia is found in white blood cells or leukocytes. The white blood cells help to fight ff infections and other diseases. Normally, cells produce in an orderly way, but people that have leukemia the cell production gets out of control. The marrow produces too many immature white blood cells called blasts. They are differently shaped and can’t carry out their usual duties.

As Leukemia cells build up in the marrow, they can crowd out the normal blood cell-making cells. The Leukemia cells might also invade other areas of the body, which can also cause symptoms. A few symptoms of Leukemia are tiredness, coldness, weakness, feeling dizzy or lightheaded, headaches, and shortness of breath and pale skin. If you have low blood plate counts you could also have bone or joint pain, swelling of the abdomen, loss of appetite or weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, coughing or trouble breathing, swelling of the face or arms, headache, seizures or vomiting, rashes, gum problems, extreme fatigue, and weakness. Children who receive therapy for all types of Leukemia may also experience their own symptoms, which may include late adverse effects, which are central nervous system (CNS) impairment, slowing of growth, infertility, cataracts, and an increased risk for other cancers. These effects vary on the person’s age during the treatment, and the type of therapies that they

When a parent takes their child to the doctor the last thing they want to hear is that their child has cancer. Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for a child to be diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, also known as ALL. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia is one of the most common forms of childhood cancer, and “makes up approximately 25% of cancer diagnoses among children under 15 years old” (3). Children under five years of age are at the most risk of developing ALL. Since it is an acute form of cancer once the onset has begun the disease quickly begins to worsen, therefore patients must seek treatment as soon as possible. “ALL is different than other diseases in that it is not just a single disease but also rather a group of related diseases with different subtypes”(1). This uniqueness causes the treatment of ALL to depend on the subtypes the patient has, therefore each

According to WebMD, there are many different types of leukemia that are common in children, they include: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia is a scary disease. The term “acute” means the disease can quickly spread and progress quickly and can prove fatal in months if left untreated. “Lymphocytic” simply means that it develops from immature forms of lymphocytes. Also known as Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, or ALL for short, it is a type of cancer that starts from the early form of white blood cells called lymphocytes in the bone marrow. ALL is the most common form of cancer in children, though adults can get it as well. For children, treatment results in a good chance of a cure. Adults have a significantly smaller chance of a cure with ALL. ALL generally invades the blood very quickly and has the potential to spread to other body parts such as the spleen,

It is estimated that 310,046 people are living with Leukemia or are in remission from Leukemia in the United States, according to the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. Leukemia is a cancer that affects the body’s ability to form blood and its components. Leukemia affects the red bone marrow and the lymphatic system. Red bone marrow is very important in homeopoesis. Homeopoesis is the process of new blood cell formation and takes place at the sites of red bone marrow.