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Title: Group End Term Assignment
Subject: Consumers, Firms and Markets
Batch: 2017-19 Section: G Group No: 3
Total words in the assignment: 843 Total pages: 6
Group Members:
Sr.no Name Roll No.
1 Akash Basa 2017232011
2 Aman Srivastava 2017232015
3 Anindhya Sharma 2017232023
4 Anuankit Panda 2017232028
5 Chitwan Singh 2017232039
6 Tejas Bhosale 2017231103
Submitted to: Dr. Veena K. Pailwar
Date of Submission: 12/09/2017
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NEWS ARTICLE:
“The country’s largest two-wheeler manufacturer Hero Motocorp has surpassed cumulative sales of erstwhile joint venture Hero Honda within six years of commencing its solo journey in
August 2011.
Hero Motocorp sold a total of 38.9 million units till the end of July 2017, thereby overtaking cumulative sales
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Splendor, which with sales of 2,550,830 units contributed nearly 40% to overall sales of the company last fiscal.”
FIGURE 1:
Source: Economic Times, 10/07/2017.
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TABLE 1:
Terms used in table below: OEM: Original equipment manufacturer, CY2016: Calendar year
2016 sales
Source: http://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/two-wheelers/scooters-mopeds/top-10- two-wheeler-manufacturers-in-2016/56491780 Analysis using CFM Concepts:
TABLE 2: Conversion of Figure 1 data into table using the concepts of Production analysis:
(*) Note 1: Employee data taken from Annual reports of Hero Motocorp Note 2: For short run analysis assuming Capital (K), for the firm, is constant.
Average product of labor (APL): It is measure of output (i.e. no. of units of Hero Motocorp bikes sold) produced per unit of input (i.e. no.of employees)
Marginal product of labor (MPL): It is change in total output (i.e. change in quantity of units of Hero Motocorp bikes sold) divided by the change in labor
Year No. of units sold
(Q)
Employee*
(L)
APL
(Q/L)
MPL
(Change in Q/ change in L)
Production
Elasticity
(MPL/APL)
2012-13 5912538 5800 1019.403103 0
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Concentration ratios show the extent of market control of the largest firms in the industry and to illustrate the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic.
The fraction of total industry sales generated by the four largest firms in the industry is called four-firm concentration ratio
From table 2, we derive that the four largest firms (C4) in the industry i.e. Hero, HMSI,
TVS Motors and Bajaj Auto account for 89.61% of total industry output.
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Market structure : It refers to factors that affect managerial decisions, including the number of firms competing in a market, the relative size of firms, technological and cost considerations, demand conditions, and the ease with which firms can enter or exit the industry.
The companies mentioned in table 2 operate in Oligopolistic market, wherein few large firms tend to dominate the market.
Hero captures maximum percentage of market area with a market share of 37.20%
References:
News article from Economic times, dated 10th August 2017
http://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/two-wheelers/scooters-mopeds/top-10- two-wheeler-manufacturers-in-2016/56491780
Traditionally, USA has been major market followed by Europe and Japan. The top 20 companies account for 77% of the market share (see figure 1). The HHI index is 378 indicating a highly competitive market. Porter’s 5 forces analysis indicate that:
This model is based on the relationship between relative market share and growth of the
Industry supplier concentration measures how many suppliers there are in a certain industry. The amount of firms in an industry will affect whether the firms are involved in an oligopoly, a monopolistic market or a perfectly competitive market. Concentration ratios can be used to measure how concentrated a certain industry is. The most common concentration ratio used is the four-firm concentration ratio which measures the output of the 4 largest firms in the market and gives that as a ratio of the overall industry sales. Another method of measuring concentration within an industry is by using the Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI).This measurement is calculated by determining the market share of each firm, squaring each number then adding them together. If the number that is calculated is below 1000 it is considered to be of a low concentration and if it is above 1800 it is considered highly concentrated, however it can be between 0 (perfect competition) and 10,000 (pure monopoly). (MICROECONOMICS 2007)
The framework used in this note is organized around the estimates of industry demand, market share, costs, and performance. All data
“In my opinion, the Case would be improved by including the following summary” An American agriculture of the nineteenth century Cyrus McCormick, invented a company that produced farming equipment called McCormick Harvesting Machine Company. In 1902 his son Cyrus McCormick II merged the company with three competitors renaming it the International Harvester Company. By the late 1980’s the company had moved from producing farming equipment to manufacturing automotive products, trucks, and school buses. In the late 1980’s International Harvester company was renamed Navistar International Corporation. Over the years NIC changed and one of the most dramatic changes was the relationship with its longtime auditor Deloitte. (Knapp, 2015)
2. What do the results say about how firms in this industry can deliver strong financial returns in different ways?
5. Computer software developer: the matching industry is F. As a software developer, it focus on provide services. However, there will be few percentages in inventories like software CD-ROM. Hence, computer software developer would be C, D, F, H or L. Additional; Computer software developer focus on wholesale. Therefore, the inventory turnover ratio will be low, C, Hand L can be excluded. Because of the service type would be online; computer software developer will be low percentage of plant and equipment. So computer software developer must be F which has only 4% of balance. For instance, Microsoft is the biggest computer software developer. The current ratio in this industry is the highest which is 2.18. Moreover, net profit/ total assets is 0.181 which is greatest in the fourteen industries. Therefore computer software developer industry is the most profitability. The receivables collection period in this industry is 77 which is the fourth longest of the fourteen.
After talking to the supplier and meeting with your Engineers and Financial Analysts, you’ve gathered the following pieces of data:
1) Evaluate HTC’s performance as described in the case. What are its competitive assets and liabilities?
computer hardware sector. The company has a high brand value in the market due to its cost
Presents an analysis of performance and position in different dimensions, for example territory, products, etc.
controlled 37 percent of its market with revenue of about $1.2 million. Immediately after the
Companies have to strife for a competitive advantage over its rivals. Industry concentration is measured through concentration ratios. A higher concentration
In this case some big companies dominate the whole industry and as a result the small companies