Case Study Of Patients With Inju

follow-up, and use of more than one treatment group provides the basis for a strong study.

2. What data and method does the author use to evaluate this intervention? Why was that data and method used?

In addition, calculating the risk of each K/L grade for knee pain from the equation: R = O/(1+O) (R=risk, O=odd ratio)

Mean performance for all participants was measured for each phase to determine overall improvement. The procedure for calculating the percentage of nonoverlapping data (PND) was used to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. AIMSWeb computation CBM was also used for benchmark scores. AIMSWeb computation CBM probes were also measured monthly from September to December to determine follow-up performance. The scores were categorized as being very low performance (below 10th percentile), low performance (between 11th and 25th percentile), and average performance (between 26th and 75th

Interested participants were issue a questionnaire for completion and following a six Week intervention, each participant patients

This study was designed as a descriptive case series as it follows the progress of ten participants undergoing the same treatment with no control group. As this is a

The people in the studies must also be randomly assigned a "treatment" or a "placebo" (Kishita & Laidlaw, 2017, p.126) After these criteria were applied, the number of studies decreased to "15" (Kishita & Laidlaw, 2017, p.127). Information on "participants' age range and mean age, the type of treatment condition, the type of control condition, format of the therapy, the number of sessions, the primary outcome measure,the type of analyses, and means,standard deviations, and sample size for the primary outcome measure in each condition" was recorded for each study (Kishita & Laidlaw, 2017, p.127)

The goals for management are to reduce joint pain and stiffness, maintain and improve joint mobility, improve muscle strength, limit subsequent joint damage and improve quality of life. Conservative treatment may include rest, range-of-motion exercises, use of assistive device to decrease weight-bearing, weight loss and glucosamine. Pharmacological treatment may include analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs or intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (Ng, Heesch & Brown 2012). Alternative therapy includes acupuncture or magnetic bracelets. Surgical treatment includes artificial implants to create new joints, correction of a deformity or misalignment, and improvement of joint movement (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2010). The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (ORSI) has an extensive list of recommendations to manage OA that emphasizes weight reduction in the obese, exercise and educating patients (ORSI,

The fifth article critiqued is the first update of a clinical practice guideline (CPG) authored by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS). The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the best available evidence associated with nonsurgical treatment of knee OA. To be included in this study, the subjects must be original research treating knee OA with pain, function, and disability status as the primary outcome measures. Studies were excluded based on design and if they were of very limited strength of evidence. The authors searched the databases PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials. The recommendations in this CPG are based upon the evidence found in these studies. When critiquing the articles, the authors analyzed the quality and applicability of the studies using the Grade Evidence Appraisal System and the PRECIS Instrument. The authors made the following recommendations for braces and insoles.

The assessment was completed on July 17. 2017, 1300. Patient name is Eric Jenkins, who is a 54

For shoulder flexion 61% of the variance could be accounted for by the sit-and-reach. A correlation was also found between the modified sit-and-reach test and both the shoulder extension and hip flexion tests. For shoulder extension 33% of the variance was accounted for by the modified sit-and-reach and for hip flexion 22% of the variance was accounted for by the modified sit-and-reach.

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder, and more than half of all Americans who are older than 65 have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis. However, recent US data has revealed knee osteoarthritis does not discriminate age, and there is growing evidence that osteoarthritis affects individuals at a young age. The annual cost of osteoarthritis due to treatment and loss of productivity in the US is estimated to be more than 65 billion dollars.1 With no cure currently available for osteoarthritis, current treatments focus on management of symptoms. The primary goals of therapy include improved joint function, pain relief, and increased joint stability. Although the exact cause of osteoarthritis is unknown, many risk factors have been identified including increased age, female gender, obesity, and trauma.2 Within these risk factors, the etiology of osteoarthritis has been divided into anatomy, body mass, and gender.

The prevalence of OA is expected to increase in the coming years as risk factors, such as aging, population and obesity become more prevalent (Galvin et al., 2013). It accounts for clinical and economic burden as a result of reduced quality of life, increased use of health care resources and loss of productivity (Galvin et al., 2013). According to Laba (2013), currently there is no known cure for OA, nor are there effective interventions to slow disease progression. A physical therapist should be equipped with enough knowledge about the pathology and management of the disease, so that he can help elderly population manage the symptoms.

The selected trials were analyzed and discussed in each part of the studies to detect any discrepancy, miss information or differences that cause inaccuracy of the research

Range of motion is tested in a variety of ways, all methods can be categorized into one of two categories; active range of motion and passive range of motion. Active range of motion requires the individual to consciously contract one or more muscles to move two points on the body closer together or farther apart. Active range of motion for hip flexion requires the individual to consciously contract their quadriceps and hip flexors to bring their hip and knee closer together. Active range of motion also uses muscle contractions to stretch antagonistic muscles and non contractile tissues on the opposite side of the joint. Passive hip flexion requires an second individual to move the person’s limb or body part to move the two points closer together