Case Study On Coronary Artery Disease

Based off of the case study regarding a 47 year old man who has recently been diagnosed with a heart disease known as CAD; I decided to further my research on this topic because it was intriguing to discover all heart diseases including coronary heart disease are taking the lives of countless individuals each year in our nation. A tremendous number of more than 13 million Americans (2005-2015, WebMD).

Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as heart disease, is defined as the “narrowing or blockage of the arteries and vessels that provide oxygen and nutrients to the heart” (Milto, Odle, p.1). The main cause of CAD is an accumulation of fatty materials on the lining of arteries. Once the fatty materials line the inner arteries, it restricts blood flow to the heart. When blood is can no longer long flow to the heart, it causes a heart attack. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in both women and men in the United States. The American Heart Association states that since 1990 deaths caused by the coronary artery disease have decreased, however, “more than 40,000 people still died from this disease in 2000” and about 13

R: yes, patient is not going to be moving and is NPO with fluid restrictions.

Heart disease is the number 1 cause of death in the world, with CAD being the most common type of heart disease (Maier 1). The reason why being conscious about preventing heart attacks is important to me personally is because several members of my close and distant family have suffered from CAD and later, heart attacks. It has been the cause of many deaths in my family, and with CAD being hereditary, it can cause problems for my health in the future too. Thinking about it is terrifying, and it’s not just me and my family that’s affected by it. With CAD being such a common thing, everyone is at risk for this possibly fatal disease. That’s why we need to be more aware of how to live a healthy lifestyle in order to prevent Coronary Artery Disease and other similar heart

In the department of Cardiology coronary artery disease is a major disease in the world. Coronary artery disease is the damages of the hearts major blood vessel for fat deposits. (2017, April 26) Plaque restricts the blood flow to the heart, which in the end progresses to a myocardial infraction also know as a heart attack, which is another major condition in the department of cardiology. When a patient is suffering from CAD, they may experience angina (chest pain) in the thoracic region that could circulate to their arms and neck. Arrhythmia can also occur, whether or not if it’s fast or slow paced. A patients pulse could also change depending on what is going on with the patient at the time. When a patient has CAD (coronary artery disease), there are a few procedures that are required from them on a monthly to yearly bases. Cardiac Catherization is one which is a procedure performed by passing a catheter into the blood vessel to see if there is any blockage in the arteries. (2017)

There are many things that men and women that obtain differently. There is a disease that is the top death rate (Krucik, 2014). That many more women get than men. Coronary Artery Disease is the disease that is more common in women than men. Coronary Artery Disease, but it is also known as Coronary Artery Disease and Ischemic Heart Disease, is when the arteries that supplies blood to the heart muscles become hardened and narrowed. It is caused by the buildup of cholesterol and plaque on the inner walls and it also can because of smoking and aging.

The organ that never quits thumping, what keeps every one of us alive and carrying on with the life we were given, which is the most noticeable killer… The Human Heart. It is vital to comprehend our heart and how to deal with it to carry on with a full and sound life. Coronary illness or also called Cardiovascular Disease refers to an assortment of conditions that influence your heart and has a few medications however can be predicted.

The client in this case has all of the above modifiable risk factors that contributed to the development of CAD. He has low high density lipoproteins (HDL), responsible for sequestering and transporting cholesterol back to the liver to be processed, and elevated triglycerides (McCance & Huether, 2014). HTN causes damage to the endothelial lining, which is the first step in the development of atherosclerosis (McCance & Huether, 2014). Nicotine in cigarettes decreases nitric oxide synthase (NOS) causing vasoconstriction which increases the damage to the vessel wall and decreases HDL (McCance & Huether, 2014). Hyperglycemia causes endothelial damage that results in the development of atherosclerotic plaques (McCance & Huether, 2014). Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of developing HTN, dyslipidemia, and diabetes (McCance & Huether, 2014). Clients with CAD may have no symptoms or may experience chest pain, which was the true for this client. CAD is treated by inserting stents in coronary arteries, performing CABGs, and by treating modifiable risk

The heart is composed of four chambers, the right and left atrium and the right and left ventricles. This important muscle is used to pump and create pressure to circulate blood throughout our bodies2. It is important for our heart to properly function because it helps blood deliver important nutrients and oxygen to the rest of our body. The heart is located in between the lungs (2/3 slightly tilted to the left), in the central portion of the thorax2. The atria collect the blood versus the ventricles which pump out the blood to the rest of the body. In order for the heart to properly function is must also receive enough oxygen and proper electrical stimulus. The coronary arteries are in charge of distributing adequate amounts of oxygen to the heart2. The heart’s nodes help the heart function with electrical impulses which allow the heart to contract. These are also known as the pacemakers of the heart. Failure to properly function can result in a heart attack.

From what I am aware of I come from a family background that has surfed from diabetes, prostate cancer, and coronary artery disease. Up to now my brother and have been for the most part healthy. It is even rarely rare that we get sick, except for a common cold once in a while. My mom’s parents died a few years ago, my grandma from high blood pressure and diabetes, and my grandpa from prostate cancer and diabetes: while my dad’s dad died from both renal and prostate cancer. Mostly all my mom’s brothers suffer from diabetes. Three years ago, my dad unfortunately along with a brother of his had coronary artery disease and had surgery to restore blood flow in the clogged arteries they both had. Looking at what risk factors my brother and I are

Two experimental systems will be used to determine if Mad1 overexpression promotes atherosclerosis. Both sets of experiments are routinely performed in the laboratory of Dr. Lian-Wang Guo and will be performed in collaboration with him. First, a mechanical injury model will be used to determine if elevated levels of Mad1 promote intimal hyperplasia. To generate the mechanical injury, mice will be anesthetized and undergo bilateral endoluminal injury to the femoral artery by passing a 0.25 mm diameter angioplasty guidewire 3 times 56. 1 and 3 days post-injury, protein expression will be determined by immunoblot. HA and Mad1 antibodies will be used to measure expression and localization of endogenous and inducible Mad1. PCNA will be used as a marker of VSMC proliferation.

A total of 705 CVD events (564 IHDs, 141 strokes) occurred, during 49452.8 follow-up person-years (minimum 0.1, maximum 12, median 10.9 years). IHD comprised of 39 (20 women and 19 men) fatal and 113 (36 women and 77 men) non-fatal MI, 331 (171 women and 160 men) UA, and 81 (26 women and 55 men) sudden cardiac deaths. Ischemic stroke composed of 30 (16 women and 14 men) fatal and 111 cases (57 women and 54 men) of non-fatal stroke. The total CVD event rates were 1.6 per 100 person-year for men and 1.3 per 100 person-year for women, without adjusting for age. Follow-up person-years, CVD events, and the levels of risk factors of the baseline examination are shown in Table 2.

Kevin has two blocked coronary arteries which means he has coronary artery disease and the best procedure to fix this would be to have coronary artery bypass surgery. He also has metabolic syndrome. First, he has high blood pressure of 145/90, second, his cholesterol levels are high - at a range of 155 mg/dL LDL and 38 mg/dL HDL, third he has high triglyceride level of 165 mg/dL, and last but not least he is overweight.

Running head: SHORT TITLE OF PAPER (t occur until it becomes sever and target-organ disease has occurred. Moreover, a person in hypertensive crisis (systolic/top number higher than 180 OR diastolic/bottom number higher than 110) may experience severe headaches, severe anxiety, shortness of breath, and/or nosebleeds (Singh et al., 2010). However, unless BP is high or low; it is difficult to differentiate population with HTN and without HTN on the bases of frequency of symptoms.

Stoke along with Ischemic Heart Disease are considered the leading causes of death in the world in 2015, and has been the leading cause of death for the last 15 years. Accounting for over 15 million of the 54.6 million deaths worldwide (WHO 2017). For the United States, stroke is the fifth leading cause of death, and a stroke occurs every four minutes (National Stroke Association 2017). Stroke is a cerebral vascular accident, where blood and oxygen are blocked from areas of the brain either due to ischemia or hemorrhage (NIH 2017). Ischemic strokes are most prevalent, occurring in over 80% of all strokes (UAB 2017). The blocked areas, where cells are not receiving blood and oxygen can either be damaged or die (NIH 2017). This interruption of