Case Study

The Data that has been collected, read, and analysis was to determine Miguel’s strengths and challenges (weaknesses). According to Miguel’s Data his strengths are Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, and Vocabulary. In the phonemic awareness: The student is scoring very well in phonemic awareness/oral language. He was able to get 10 out of 10 in sounding out words. He was also able to

The attack on Pearl Harbor was a result of several events associated with Japan’s mission to dominate Eastern Asia and the South Pacific. Before the 1930’s, Japan had one the world’s most prosperous economies due to the British economic slump in the 1920’s. The Japanese overtook the markets the British had previously dominated. This economic growth only lasted for ten years. In the early 1930’s, Japan suffered its largest economic downturn as a result of the World Great Depression. During this time, many countries stopped trading with Japan, leading to a 50% drop in their exported goods. The Japanese government believed if they moved away from a Western-style free market economy, they would recover from their economic crisis.

In the 1900s, Japan faced a lot of economic obstacles. Due to its location on four moving tectonic plates, Japan experiences earthquakes more often than most other countries, Banks, at the time, struggled to keep economic activity stable after earthquakes and even attempted to regulate the flow by granting companies the ability to sell their products without having a drastic change in price. Following the discussion of earthquake bills and such, news was brought to the attention of the Japanese government that a bank in Tokyo had finally gone bankrupt. This sent many into a frenzy trying to get a hold of their money from banks, and in turn, many banks closed. However, this Japanese bank was indeed, not bankrupt, it was only struggling,

First being a balanced budget, followed by suspension of new loans from the Reconstruction Finance Bank (this source of supply of money was identified as the root cause of inflation), and lastly, reducing as well as completely eliminating subsidies. The above-mentioned policies were identified to aid in accelerating the Japanese economy. Dodge’s policies caused problems along the way in its implementation but it created a path for recovery without the help of America. The Japanese were encouraged to economize and accumulate capital through such a policy.

It would, in effect, offset deflation, by constructing an anticipation of escalating prices. Cutting public works could make up the immediate revenue loss, and the upcoming tax escalation would put Japan's finances on a sturdier path. It is neither too late nor too expensive for Japan to revitalize its economy by pursuing proper fiscal expansion, financed by the Bank of Japan buying government bonds.

Today in Japan, a reinvention is necessary. There are many struggles with the young generation, the old generation, and catastrophic events which should be addressed. Specifically, the Japanese economy has been experiencing deflation for the past twenty years. In an article, the results of the deflation were described. The authors said, “Because of fewer available jobs and lower

The graph of economic growth look so nice and strong. People were being very optimistic about the economy, making Japan in the emotion of euphoria, which started a trend of investing.

Monetary Policy, in the United States, is the process by which the Federal Reserve controls the money supply to promote economic growth and stability. It is based on the relationship between interest rates of the economy and the total supply of money. The Federal Reserve uses a variety of monetary policy tools to control one or both of these.

Globalisation has had a profound impact on the Japanese economy influencing levels of international trade, business operations, financial flows, government policy, labour markets and even environment. This movement has been driven primarily by numerous TNCs, trade liberalization, and the deregulation of the financial system, and numerous strategies adopted by the Government and Economy, resulting in the creation of a 'new' Japan.

Mr. Shinzo Abe, The Japanese Prime Minister introduced the large package of policies reform which is known as the “Abenomics” which comes after the Liberal Democratic Party came back in power in December 2012. Bank of Japan introduces more aggressive monitory policy in leadership of Governor Haruhiko Kuroda to in order to ending the 20 years stagnation deflation and recession.

Japan ranks as the third largest economy in the world as of 2010. The GDP at current prices in US dollars in Japan was reported at 5068.06 billion in 2009, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Japan’s resurgence after World War II has however reached an inflection point in yearly 1989 after the burst of Japan’s asset price and real estate bubbles. As can be seen from the graph below, Japan’s GDP has hovered around the same level through more than 20 years of economic stagnation. The GDP’s slow growth has been exacerbated by the world financial crisis of 2008. A major landmark of Japan’s stagnation has been the BOJ’s fight against deflation.

The paper is organized in the following way. Section 2 briefly describes the prolonged deflation in Japan. Section 3 evaluates policies proposed by the government and gives some reasons of unsuccessful policies. Section 4 summarizes the policy implementation.

Deflation refers to a situation where there is a reduction in the general levels of prices of goods and services. It takes place when the rate of inflation falls below 0 percent in that case the inflation rate is negative. Inflation decreases the real value of money while deflation raises the real value of money and this enables a person to be able to purchase more goods and services with the same amount of money than before (Hutchison et al, 2006). Japan as a country has really suffered from a long-lasting but mild deflation which started in the mid 1990s. Both the government and the bank of Japan tried to get rid of it by decreasing the rates of interests and ‘quantitative easing’. However, they did not create a constant increase in the broad money and so the deflation persisted .this paper discusses the deflation worries in Japan and in the bank of Japan in terms of equity and financial markets (Mikuni et al, 2003).

This essay will illustrate an analysis of the monetary policy of Japan and the impact of the global crisis of 2008-11 with the measures taken to recover from this crisis. The conduct and the effectiveness of a country’s monetary policy depend on the structure of its financial markets. According to Takatoshi Ito in Japan, governments have regulated the financial markets heavily. The Securities Transaction Law, article 65 creates barriers between banking and security dealings. Within the banking sector, regulations create barriers, there are mandated specialisations in Japan between trust baking and commercial banking, as well as between long-term, bond-financed banking and versatile, deposit-financed commercial banking. Ito (1992) states “ a government cannot efficiently manage monetary policy without thinking of influences from other countries and of the policy effects on other countries”.

As Walsh (2003) said that, ‘a social loss function dependent on inflation and output gap is the appropriate objective of monetary policy’ which indicates that the level of inflation and output are the major factors that affect monetary policy of all countries. Moreover, Castelnuovo and Surico (2010) claimed that inflation are the key elements to decided a monetary policy for a county. For the Japan economy, it experienced a disaster during the period 1986-1991, which named Japanese asset price bubble (Wood, Christopher, 2005). It leaded a long term economic depression japan after that. The main reason for the bubble economy is the extremely high inflation rate and output. As mentioned before, Japan was sustained a rapid development after world war II, the main industry of Japan is manufacturing industry. After the Plaza Accord