Case Study of Wage and Salary Administration

A hallucination is an experience involving the apparent perception of something not . present. In Macbeth, Shakespeare uses hallucinations to show the feeling of guilt, the amount of hallucinations someone has shows how much guilt they are feeling at that particular moment about actions they have done. Shakespeare uses the character Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to build towards hallucination as a motif. He built towards the motif by giving the two characters hallucinations based on their past actions.

Schizophrenia is a common mental disease these days. Statistics show that the chance of developing it

Hallucination: This is a perception of a sensory experience without external stimuli. It may be visual, auditory,

B. Hallucinations, are perceived through one of the senses and do not correspond to any stimulus in the outside world. Hallucinations are defined as perceptions in a conscious mind.

Kety asked two groups of adoptees: who had schizophrenia, and a matched group who didn’t. The disorder was related in the biological and adoptive families of the two groups of adoptees – this was larger among biological relations of the schizophrenic adoptees than between ones of the controls, this supports the genetic explanation.

Mattejat and Remschmidt wrote that the probability of a particular mental illness is higher when a biological parent has the same condition. The lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia is about 1% in the general population, but more than ten times higher if a parent suffers from the disease. (2008).

Adoption studies support the genetic theory that schizophrenia can be inherited as they provide evidence that the environment does not affect inheritance rate. The supporting study was carried out by Tienari in Finland. He investigated 164 adoptees that biological mothers have been diagnosed with schizophrenia and found 6.7% also received a diagnosis, compared to 2% of the control group of adoptees. This means that that there is a genetic liability to schizophrenia, as more of

Genetics play a role in the development of schizophrenia. When looking closer at the brain chemistry between a person with schizophrenia and a person with out schizophrenia there are

* Hallucinations – see things that aren’t there or talk to people who aren’t around.

When the brain is deprived of all sensory input it begins to provide input of its own, sometimes relating to events that have occurred before. Sometimes these hallucinations occur with no reasoning whatsoever, all the researchers

Genetic factors of schizophrenia can be explained using studies on twins and studies on family history. With twin studies researchers want to establish the degree of concordance. This is

The contrast between offspring of ill parents and offspring of normal parents was significant only for gross motor skills, but the direct affect of an ill parent on development of schizophrenia-related psychoses was not significant, which indicated a weak genetic model. (Erlenmeyer-Kimling, 28)

It has been long understood that schizophrenia runs in families. People who have a close rela-tive with schizophrenia are more likely to develop the disorder than are people who have no relatives with the illness. A child whose parent has schizophrenia has about a 10 percent chance of developing schizophrenia themselves. Identical twins carry the same genes. In iden-tical twins, if one twin develops schizophrenia, the other twin has one in two chance of de-veloping it too even if they are raised separately. People who have second degree relative,

2. A strong family history of mental disorders is considered as a highly probable cause of schizophrenia, while those who are much less genetically vulnerable are believed to catch the disorder through environment stressors during their lives.

Conclusions / Results: Conclusions suggest that the nature vs nurture dichotomy may not be as relevant as looking at the interaction between these two forces. It was discovered that while one’s genetic heritage creates a predisposition towards schizophrenia, other factors such as the home environment, the parental environment, dietary factors and others may determine whether the disease is manifested.