Catholic Church's Argument Against Therapeutic Cloning

Defining Cloning. Depending upon the use of the word ‘clone’, or any technical term related to the word, there are a vast number of meanings, but many scientists have agreed upon one, broad definition. “Cloning is the process of creating a cell, tissue line, or even a complete organism from the cell,” (Maienschein 423).

Therapeutic cloning, what is it? Some might think it involves the cloning of a human being. In actuality, it refers to the removal of a nucleus, which contains the genetic material, from virtually any cell of the body and its transfer by injection into an egg (acquired from female) that is not fertilized and from which the nucleus has been removed. Therapeutic cloning can also be referred to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). To perform SCNT researchers extract the nucleus from the egg, the nucleus stores all the genetic information for any living subject. Then researches take a somatic cell, which is any type of cell that is not a gamete, and extract its nucleus from the cell.

If a person is in a situation in which they may have lost a loved one and are trying to replace them, therefore it is morally wrong for him or her to use reproductive cloning.

Cloning is a number of processes that are used to create genetically identical copies of an organism. Researchers have cloned a number of biological materials, such as genes, cells, tissues and whole organisms, including sheep 's and horses. Cloning can happen naturally in identical twins, but it can also be done in a lab. ("Cloning Fact Sheet").

According to Kathleen R. Brooks and Jayson L. Lusk (2011) Animal cloning is a process in which scientists can copy the genetic or inherited traits of an animal.

Clones are organisms that are exact genetic copies. Cloning originally started in the year of 1885, when a German scientist named Hans Adolf Eduard Driesch began researching reproduction. The process of producing a clone began a hundred years ago. There’s many different types of clones such as, natural clones, molecular clones, organism clones and even therapeutic clones. The first organism cloned was a salamander created by Hans Adolf. Years later, Robert Briggs and Thomas Joseph King clones a frog. Then, there was a famous organism cloned by the of name Dolly, who was the first animal sheep cloned. In order to understand the creation of life one must

However, natural cloning is not the only example of identical copies seen in the world. Artificial cloning is the more common example used in science. There are three commonly known “types of artificial cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning” (“Cloning Fact Sheets”). These types of cloning provide identical copies of many biological aspects such as genes and larger segments of DNA. Gene cloning is “creates copies of genes or segments of DNA” whereas reproductive cloning “creates copies of whole animals” (“Cloning”). Finally, therapeutic cloning “creates embryonic cells” which are used in the hope of growing healthy tissue (“Cloning”). Animal cloning has helped many scientists to better understand genomes and review genes/DNA. In the

As mentioned earlier, cloning is the copying of an organism that results in identical offspring (“Cloning”). Scientists have tried cloning many times on frogs and other organisms (“Cloning”), but when the first mammal to be cloned was successful in 1997, scientists jumped into pools of thoughts to clone humans. The first mammal to be cloned was a sheep named Dolly. The process of cloning Dolly was called Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer. The nucleus of a somatic stem cell is taken out of the eggs of the

Cloning in its simplest definition is an creating an exact copy of a biological entity, meaning that if the

One issue being that therapeutic cloning may be crossing ethical borders. People might start using artificial embryos that can’t be fertilized. Basically, instead of aborting, scientists may start experimenting with cloned embryos. Also, the more successful therapeutic cloning becomes, the more likely human cloning becomes. This is because therapeutic cloning uses a lot of the same procedures human cloning would take. Currently, success rate of cloning tissues or cells is low. For now, scientists don’t know how well therapeutic cloning will perform medically. Also, the new tissue or organs created from cloning could have many possible

Cloning is defined as the “creation of an exact copy of a living matter, such as a cell or organism” according to Encarta encyclopedia. The copies produced through cloning have identical genetic makeup and are known as clones. Scientists use cloning techniques in the laboratory to create copies of cells or organisms with valuable traits.

There are three types of cloning; reproductive cloning, genetic cloning, and therapeutic cloning. This report will focus on reproductive cloning. Reproductive cloning is the duplication of an existing organism’s genetic material. Once duplicated, the organism is an exact copy of the original organism.

Many individuals argue that each human life is unique and born of a miracle that is beyond laboratory science. A fundamental argument is that cloning is ethically wrong, and many religious groups have rejected it saying that cloning is equivalent to “playing God”. And cloning goes against these certain religions because they believe only God has created life and its various forms in nature, and humans should have no right to act like “God”. And many others argue that human cloning should continue for many reasons. One of them being that cloned humans embryos would make research into genetics and genetically related diseases and their preventions or treatments, much easier, as well as cheaper. Embryo cloning has also been seen as a potential treatment for infertility when in-vitro fertilization is not available. And this can occur when parents are infertile, or when both or one of the parents harbor a genome coding for certain undesirable traits or beliefs. Cloned embryos tissues could be used for the replacement of lost or diseased tissues. Some experts believe that embryo should not require any moral consideration. Reason being that they believe at the stage an embryo is cloned, it is basically just a bunch of cells that contain DNA, which are considered no different than the millions of skin cells we shed daily. At that stage, embryonic cells should not be considered equivalent to human beings because it does not have any self-awareness, memory, feelings, thoughts, organs, legs, arms, etc. However, adult cloning might be

Cloning is the process of making copies of individuals that occur in nature such as bacteria, insects, plants, invertebrates or vertebrates. The copy is called clones. Clones are genetically identical to their original parent. Development of cloned animals, which have been genetically engineered to produce valuable proteins in their milk. These have uses in medicine, cloning can also save animals from extinction. Cloning would open doors to even more powerful technologies of human genetic information. However there are ethical concerns about cloning. It limits the variation in population. This is a problem for natural selection if the environment changes. Cloning causes concerns about using technique to clone humans in the future. Moreover

When I looked up the definition for cloning on www.m-w .com it stated that cloning is to propagate a clone from or to make a copy of. A book on cloning that I read stated that cloning is genetically identical cells. Cloning’s history is as early as 1952 and the first cell transferring was in 1970. The cell process was not 100 percent accurate every time. Back in the 1970’s many scientists struggled with trying to clone something and it