Lab Report On Water Erosion

In this Geography GCSE controlled assessment project, I will be focusing on rivers and I have chosen a hypothesis to prove that erosion is making an impact on the Loughton Brook Rivers. My hypothesis is, “The river Loughton brook becomes wider and deeper due to erosion as it moves downstream”. I will be investigating if erosion takes place downstream in the river. I will investigate if hydraulic action has an impact. I will study about vertical erosion, lateral erosion, Cross profile and hydraulic action.

Coastal erosion is the wearing away of land and the removal of beach or dune sediments by

The roots of the trees and shrubs around a lake to help hold the soil in place during heavy rain or when the waves hit the shore.

There are six different types of water erosion: splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, valley or stream erosion, and bank erosion. Splash erosion is when raindrops hit soil and small soil particles are displaced. Sheet erosion is when raindrops remove soil in thin layers. During rill erosion, small concentrated flow paths are created. “These paths create a sediment source and delivery system for hillslope erosion. Areas where precipitation rates exceed soil infiltration rates are more prone to this type of erosion. During gully erosion, water flows in narrow channels during or after heavy rains or melting snow. The gullies can erode to considerable depths. Valley or stream erosion is created by water flowing alongside land. It extends downward, deepening a valley, and extending the valley into the hillside. This occurs more frequently

At Nudgee Beach, erosion was found to have occurred on the edges of the mangrove forest and along the mudflat shorelines. Erosion is typically influenced by natural factors and occurs when pieces of weathered rock or soil are moved – typically by wind and water – from one place to another. Shorelines with lots of sediment and sand are more inclined to be effected by erosional progression. Erosion may also be provoked and accelerated by human interference. For example, if the decision to clear trees and plants from an area is made, erosion is likely to occur as the root systems of plants work to hold the soil in place. If these root systems are removed and erosion does occur, environmental conditions – such as; landslides and flooding – are more likely to take place. Erosion may also cause other plants to tip over, have their underground roots exposed and damaged and contribute to the pollution of local waters; as a result of mud and soil runoff [26]. Erosion at Nudgee Beach was likely to have been influenced by natural factors; however, the development and extension of the Kedron Brook golfing course may contribute to the acceleration of erosional processes and further damage the mangrove

Any rainfall increases fluvial erosion. When rain does fall, this creates ephemeral streams causing water erosion due to fast forces of water. Flash floods are possible as well creating even more erosion.

Environments where sediments are elated and deposited quickly are high energy environments like ocean shores, or rushing rivers. Eco systems where small particles of sediments are often deposited in low energy areas. This is found in regions where there are deep lakes or swamps. Landforms shaped by erosion are tall, jagged structures with grazes in layers of rock and landforms produced by deposition are flat and low lying. Landforms created by deposition are alluvial fans, sandbars, moraines, eskers, and deserts. While landforms created by erosion are mountains, valleys, hoodoos, sea arches, sea caves, plains, sea cliff and

Erosion is mainly caused by two main natural forces: water and wind. In Southwest Louisiana, erosion by water is one of the main issues we have as a coastal state. There are different factors that must be considered when looking at water erosion

Soil particles such as silt, clay, and sand are known as sediments and are the most significant pollutant to come from forested areas.

Soil erosion threatens soil fertility due to nutrient and organic matter loss, while also decreasing water quality through increased turbidity (umich.edu). During the last dust bowl in the 1930's more than 30 million hectares were severely damaged in parts of Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Colorado (umich.edu). The Dust Bowl was primarily caused by the two factors of: 1) loss of long rooted grasses due to the plowing of the prairies and 2) a period of relative drought (umich.edu).

This is incredibly important in our area. With the amount of water and wind we have, these have played a major role in our formation. The waves crash into rocks and the shore and cause it to make a new formation. Wind also carries particles, sand, and dirt and carries it to new places. This cause the land that it is picked up from to change, along with the land that it is dropped at. This causes new formation in two different places. Water erosion and wind erosion have had major impacts in Michigan to help form us to what we have come to be and will continue to help form the land.

compresses under its own weight due to the loss the force of buoyancy. During primary subsidence, the volume of the organic component decreases, but the mass of the organics remains the same. Secondary subsidence is caused by a combination of oxidation and shrinkage. The mass and volume of the organics decreases during secondary subsidence (Ewing and Vepraskas, 2006, p. 121-122). Being able to differentiate between the two different kinds of subsidence in marshes allows for more precise methods of measurement by scientists. Primary subsidence happens before secondary subsidence, and secondary subsidence typically only occurs in the upper portion of the soil stratum, the part exposed to air. Primary subsidence reduces the volume of the soil, while the mass of the sample stays the same. Meanwhile secondary subsidence reduces the volume of the soil and reduces the mass of the soil.

In an attempt to combat erosion and interest more people in visiting this area an ongoing project has been implemented along Long Beach and Nutgrove Beach. The project aims to reduce the rate of erosion and make the area a desirable place for people to visit for many years to come. One of the most recent additions

The seepage of ground water and the overland flow of surface water runoff also contribute to the erosion of shorelines (http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/NPS/MMGI/Chapter6/ch6-4.html). The role of ground water is most important wherever permeable subsurface layers of sand are exposed in high bluffs along coastal bays. In these areas, the seepage of ground water into the waterway can cause erosion at the point of exit. The surface flow of upland runoff can also dislodge sediments through the creation of rills and gullies on the shoreline banks and bluffs (http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/NPS/MMGI/Chapter6/ch6-4.html).

Solution weathering occurs when sulphuric acid in the air mixes with rainwater turning it into acid rain. This is most common in highly polluted areas such as China which is a very big country with a lot of cities and rural manufacturing plants. Acidic rain can remove/damage rocks, limestone is especially vulnerable to weathering by rain water containing CO2. The next type, hydrolysis weathering, breaks down rocks by acidic water to produce clay and a soluble salt. The only rock not affected by hydrolysis is quartz.