Causes And Effects Of Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is an extreme and sever allergic reaction that can be caused by insects bites, foods, latex and medication. This allergic reaction fiffers from one person tp the other. In some people, it can only affect one part of the body whereas in others, it affect more than one part of the body. The effects are usually within a few minutes of exposure to the substance that causes the allergic reaction. In other instances it can take hours before the effects are seen. This allergic reaction calls for immediate medical treatment because it can be fatal id it is not treated properly.

Recent studies are showing that introducing very young children to the most common allergenic foods gradually can prevent food allergies later in life. A new study shows that microdose immunotherapy can not only help prevent food allergies, but actually cure them.

The current debate over the Mylan Company’s near monopoly of the epinephrine market through its EpiPen shows what can happen without monopoly regulation. While the cost to produce an Epipen is around $30, the price to the consumer is around $300 each. The economic implications for a family that needs to keep the device on hand to save a life can be excessively high, the emotional results of not having one when you need one are debilitating. This monopoly is further enhanced by state-enforced regulations requiring that schools keep EpiPens in stock and the, so-called, EpiPen law enacted in 2013, which leave little incentive for other pharmaceutical companies to develop their own technology for fast-acting emergency devices. (Bartolone, 2016) Breaking Mylan’s monopoly will not only lead to new product development but lower prices for consumers for a life-saving delivery

○ If you used epinephrine to treat anaphylaxis outside of the hospital, you need additional medical care. This may include more doses of epinephrine.

Dugdale, D. (2012, May 30). Anaphylactic Shock. U.S National Library of Medicine. Retrieved November 21, 2013, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/

The EpiPen device automatically injects a drug called epinephrine, which reverses potentially deadly allergic reactions. It is the only device of its kind available in the United States. Millions depend on carrying the device at all times. For decades the EpiPen was available at a low cost until the Mylan Company purchased it in 2007. Since then, the price has risen over 400% creating a public backlash of media reports, social media petitions, and politician’s calling out Mylan executives to explain the reason for the price raise. Lack of compassion and appearance of greed has tarnished the public image of the company. Mylan has begun looking for ways of rebuilding their image by releasing compensation to the public in the form of generic cheaper EpiPens and payment assistance to eligible patients, but it might be too little too late in this current ongoing communication crisis event.

Government is known to utilize a product's elasticity measures to set taxes and subsidies for products goods and services. With medical products there will always be a demand because the money isn’t in the cure it’s in the medicine. When I first started looking at this assignment I immediately began to think about the recent EpiPen controversy. More than 100 years ago, Parke-Davis — one of the largest pharmaceutical companies at the time — started marketing Epinephrine under the brand name Adrenalin. The development of the auto-injector in the 1970s with a predetermined dose was a breakthrough because epinephrine must be delivered quickly, and in the proper amounts to work. People suffering severe allergic reactions often treat themselves.

Recently, there had been a controversy over the rise in pharmaceutical costs involving the EpiPen in the United States. The EpiPen, also known as adrenaline/epinephrine, is a widely used injection that is used to treat allergic reactions. This generic drug has been available for many years. The EpiPen controversy is a prime example of how monopoly

It was announced that Mylan will soon release a generic version of the epinephrine injectors and it almost cuts the price in half. Committee Chairman Jason Chaffetz of Utah stated, “the actual juice that’s in here that you need costs about a dollar.” Of course, Mylan still has extremely high prices for this relatively cheap product. Another way Mylan wants to help cut prices is by offering $300 coupons to those who need them. The only people that receive these coupons are the ones whose insurance does not cover the cost of the EpiPen

An epi-pen is typically used when a person has an allergic reaction to a substance or material. An Epi-Pen contains a drug known as epinephrine. Epinephrine is a synthetic version of adrenaline. Allergies stresses the body, consecutively, impeding the person to breath. With adrenaline from the epinephrine the body will have a burst of energy helping the body to process everything rapidly and making the person able to breathe again. In the text “How 12 EpiPens Saves My Life” the author Ali Jafee establishes common ground, uses real life occurrence to establish credibility and appeals to the audience emotions through her ongoing encounters with the Epi-pen for the purpose of delivering a message of how essential epinephrine is for those who have allergies.

Epinephrine is one of the most common medications administered in the field by EMS professionals of all levels. This naturally occurring catecholamine is one of the most potent tools that EMS professionals have at their immediate disposal for the treatment of anaphylaxis. The instructions depicted below outline the proper procedure for the administration of epinephrine to treat anaphylaxis in adult patients. This procedure should take approximately 3-5 minutes to perform and can be carried out by any EMS professional above the first responder level. The successful administration of epinephrine results in the temporary alleviation of the symptoms of anaphylaxis through the stimulation of both alpha and beta adrenergic

With just a very quick exposure to an allergen, anaphylaxis can occur immediately. Allergens can be anything from dust, food products such as peanuts, shellfish, nuts, and even insects and sting like bees and wasp stings. Life threatening symptoms of anaphylaxis include dizziness, unconsciousness, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, and fast heart beat. The most serious threat to the human life during anaphylaxis is the lack of oxygen, O2. With lack of O2 the brain begins to lose brain cells. The brain is in control of all the systems in the body as more time passes without O2 organs begin to fail and the heart also stops beating.4 Other symptoms of swelling of the mouth, coughing, hives on the body, vomiting, and

EpiPens are arguably one of the most important devices for those to carry who suffer from life-threatening allergies. The auto-injector pen contains the drug epinephrine, which treats an allergic reaction, anaphylactic shock, in emergency cases. Recently, there has been an uproar among the public about the increasing prices of Mylan’s EpiPens. In 2007, the products cost was around $100.00 for a two-pack of pens. Now, however, the name brand is selling for over $600.00 a pair; resulting, in a 400% price increase. Different companies are now creating similar products in hopes of being more affordable and as efficient as the original EpiPen. Mylan Pharmaceuticals is even creating their own version of an authorized generic form of the EpiPen as well. In the first article, “Mylan Tries Again to Quell Pricing Outrage by Offering Generic Epipen,” by Andrew Pollack, focuses on just Mylan 's version of their EpiPen along with their increasing prices. The second article, “Can You Get a Cheaper EpiPen,” by Ginger Skinner, emphasizes on not only Mylan 's’ product, but also other generic products as well as a do-it-yourself. Both of these articles focus around the idea of an affordable, effective, and accessible off brand version of the EpiPen while also providing important side information about all of the products and risks; however, the second article offers more information about different generic products rather than just

Allergies are among the most common inveterate case worldwide. Allergy symptoms range from making you powerless to putting you at risk for life-menacing reaction.Food allergies are defined as “ the body 's abnormal responses to harmless foods; the reactions are caused by the immune system 'sreaction to some food proteins” (thefreedictionary.difntion.com).In other words,The job of the body’s immune system is to identify and ruin germs (such as bacteria or viruses) that make you sick. A food allergy results when the immune system wrong targets a harmless food protein an allergen as menace and attacks it.

As found in "EpiPen Prescription Jumped Last Month Even as Outrage Grew Over Price Hikes" from CNBC.com, Dan Managan states "Public outrage over the cost of EpiPens exploded last month after consumers and elected officials highlighted the fact that the auto-injectors have increased in retail price more than 400 percent in recent years." That's right, 400 percent, and who is to blame them for being upset? When a life saving product goes up nearly $500 in seven years (see Fig. 1), outrage should occur. The fact that tops of the anger of the consumers is that EpiPens are only Fig. 1. Listing prices of an EpiPen (2009-2016). Data Source: CNN.com, "How EpiPen Came to Symbolize Corporate