Causes And Treatment Of Lymphatic Filariasis

In addition, diseases such as Hookworm and Malaria–brought to Latin America through colonisation and slavery–cause economic problems to this day. According to Hausmann (2009): “countries at a high risk of malaria grow 0.6 per cent slower than countries free from malaria”. Exports can be affected such as during the Cholera outbreak in Peru in 1991 which cost the fishing industry $800 million (Hausmann, 2009). It also increases healthcare costs and reduces worker productivity (Hausmann, 2009). Presently, resistance means that cheap medications for treatment of and protection from malaria are becoming less effective (Gallup et al., 2003, p.135). As

The most important diseases, however, are the leishmaniases (Lainson, 1982). Leishmaniases, are parasitic diseases with a wide range of clinical symptoms: cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (Kravchenko et al., 2004). The most common form is Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, CL (Akhoundi et al., 2016). Two protozoan species Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica are important agents of CL throughout Pakistan. While Leishmania donovani causes Visceral Leishmaniasis mostly in upper northern regions of Pakistan such as Chitral (Rab et al., 1995 and Tanoli et al., 2005). Transmission occurs during feeding. The leishmania parasites develop into an infective form inside the gut of the sand fly vector and are injected together with saliva into host body during blood feeding (Kato et al., 2006)

Malaria or other similar diseases like malaria has been recognized and encountered by humans for more than 4,000 years. Malaria is caused by the genus Plasmodium parasites, which enter the human body and are transmitted to people through the bite of a mosquito infected with the parasite (Q&A, Malaria). Once the parasite enters the human body, the parasites multiply in the liver and then infect red blood cells. The malaria parasite was first discovered on November 6, 1880, by a French army surgeon named Charles Louis Al phonse Laveran. While stationed in

Elephantiasis is a dangerous disease and can be very harmful to your body. I have told you in this paper everything you need to know on how to stay safe how this disease can be very harmful to your body. Be safe if you go out of country and don't let elephantiasis attack

The Filarial worm and their products have direct effect on lymphatic endothelial cells, and cells of adaptive and innate immune system. The interaction of inflammatory/immune mediators, molecules of parasite, Wolbachia and other factors contribute to pathogenesis and development of LF disease. The secondary bacterial infections further complicate the pathology.

While contemporary global health organizations are seen as pinnacles of modern globalization and scientific methodology, many are still mired in their colonial and imperialist origins. For example, the mission of Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria is strongly reminiscent of tropical medical practices. Tropical medicine, a product of equatorial imperialism, worked on racially or culturally motivated narratives of superiority; this resulted in treatments emphasizing simply disease over general good health (Farmer et al, 59). For example, chapter 3 of Reimaging Global Public Health details how the WHO malaria eradication attempts failed largely due to insufficiently accounting for underlying social causes of the disease in addition to biological factors. Malaria as en epidemic is deeply entrenched in the societal fabric of many regions, making eradication significantly more difficult than a basic medical approach of treatment and prevention. Similarly, the Global Fund appears prone to oversimplifying the treatment and prevention of AIDS and the stigma that surrounds it.

Lymphatic filariasis is a vector borne disease that can serve in the role of infectious disease by harboring pathogens that cause disease only in susceptible populations. Lymphatic filariasis is spread by infected mosquitoes because their bites deposition travels to the lymphatic system, causing it to affect the lymph nodes and lymph vessels. This is in over 80 tropical and subtropical countries, but mainly found in India. In some cases, Filariasis is one of the leading disability that can affect 120 million citizens but it is very rare. In time, the damage to the lymphatic system can cause swelling in the legs, arms, and genitals. This disease increases the risk of more bacterial infections that causes the skin to thicken and harden. In the

In other countries, it is common for people to have diseases. They are not your easy curable diseases either. AIDS, river blindness, etc. can be hard to cure, especially for people in these foreign countries. They don’t come from wealth and they barely can afford food and water. A company called Merck & Co. Inc. found a cure for river blindness known as Mectizan. River blindness is a disease that comes from black flies. If it bites you a parasite enters your body causing severe itching, disfiguring skin infections and complete blindness (Arnold). The Merck & Co. did a seven-year trial on these people

This study allows for the doctors in the region of Africa to track four main untreatable diseases. They can assess the disease at different stages and figure out where to implement interventions. New studies can eventually allow for these diseases to be

With this case study, I am presenting to the class the medical condition called Elephantiasis. Included in this presentation is a definition of the disease, early symptoms, treatment options and known preventative measures that can be taken to protect yourself from this horrible condition that alters the active daily living activities of a little over a billion people, worldwide.

Parasitic and fungal infections have amplified over the past decades as a result of major changes in society, technology, their surroundings, and the microbes themselves becoming more resistant to antibiotics. As a result these changes will have unpredictable consequences. Other contributing factors influencing this surge of change is due to human behavior, demographics, economic development and land use; as well as changes in technology and trade. People are traveling international more than ever before and with this travel they take along with them not only their luggage but microorganism stowaway’s as well. Developing countries have a breakdown of public health measures allowing for an easy passage for new disease to move from place to

The following is a brief description of the infection cycle. A person is bitten by an infected mosquito. The young parasite takes up residence in a lymph node or lymphatic vessel, then it matures into an adult producing microfilariae (larvae) that circulate in the blood. This damages the lymph node, eventually making it nonfunctional. The body’s lymphatic system is designed to fight infection, so the lymph nodes become inflamed and fevers result as the body struggles in vain to overcome this pathogen. In addition, lymphatic fluid

Neglected Tropical Diseases are a series of “chronic, endemic tropical diseases” that predominantly affect less-economically developed populations and are neglected in the health industry (WHO, “Investing” 1). This definition is broad, as a large variety of pathogens are tropical and poverty-related. As a result, NTDs are diverse in their biological makeup, ranging from airborne vectors to bacteria to worms. They are spread and treated differently, and receive varying levels of attention from the public and private sectors. Many tropical pathogens, notably typhoid fever, are not included in the list of NTDs despite their debilitating effects on impoverished populations (Hotez and Kamath 1).

HAT is among the most serious Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD). If untreated it is invariably fatal, with gambiensese form generally causing a chronic disease leading to fatal squeal after some years(Checchi et al, 2008).

As of 2013, the CDC listed that the top 3 causes of mortality in Nigeria are malaria, lower respiratory infections, and HIV (CDC, 2013). HIV is the third leading cause of deaths in Nigeria and account for 9% of all deaths (CDC, 2013). HIV is the virus that causes AIDS, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It can be contracted through the exchange of bodily fluids with another infected individual. In Nigeria, the spread of HIV occurs through high prostitution rates, unsafe sexual practices, blood transfusions, and through mother-to-child transmission. The second cause of mortality in Nigeria are lower respiratory infections. Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) are commonly caused by viral infections. The most common lower respiratory infections are bronchitis, pneumonia, and the chronic cough. In Nigeria, the contraction of LRIs can occur due to a poor standard of living including a lack of basic household amenities such as proper ventilation and running water. LRIs can also occur when the immune system is weakened such as those living with HIV/AIDS. The number one leading cause of death in Nigeria is malaria. In 2010, malaria was more prevalent in Nigeria than any other country in the world (CDC, 2015). Malaria is a parasitic infection spread through bites from the Anopheles mosquito. This mosquito is most commonly found in warm climates, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, where the parasite it carries can thrive. When this infected mosquito bites an individual, its