Causes And Treatment Of Water Transportation Systems Essay

Some of the most emerging and re-emerging agents of the waterborne diseases are; Cholera which is caused by the ingestion of water that is infected by Vibrio Cholerae. This is a painless form of diarrhea characterized by watery stool. Dysentery which is caused by Escherichia Coli. Typhoid that is caused by Salmonella typhi which is usually accompanied by fever is yet another disease. Gastroenteritis diseases caused by Giardia and Cryptosporodia and some species of hepatitis are also known to be caused by water (CDC, 2011). These disease causing agents find their way into the human body through infected water that people from the poorer communities in Uganda use and have no option of cleaner water.

As mentioned previously, one of the main public health concerns focused on a population of individuals that lacked access to clean water. One of the main assessments on sanitary conditions outside of the United States took place in the nineteenth century, when the discovery of how diseases spread was beginning to come into the light. In England, cholera outbreaks led to the deaths of thousands of people, with the cause of the disease a mystery. As a result, John Snow, another individual practiced public health, and who believed in the contagionist theory, began to observe cholera, particularly its pathology, and believed cholera entered into the body through the consumption of water (Snow, 2002). Snow then observed were those who had died of cholera had obtained their drinking water, and found the source of the cholera contamination to be from a

Water-borne diseases are caused by the ingestion of water contaminated by pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites. These pathogens are spread through the feces or urine of an infected individual (africaneeds). The most common diseases are cholera, guinea worm and typhoid. People can easily contract these diseases if there is no system of sewage collection and treatment. In fact, almost 2.5 billion people worldwide do not have access to adequate sanitation (UN water). Climate change can also impact the water crisis in Africa. Water is necessary for survival, and when areas get

It is often believed that unsafe drinking water is strictly a critical health issue in impoverished third world countries. However, in recent years in the United States, one of the most developed countries in the world, we are experiencing multiple incidences of widespread public water contamination. In 2014, news stations across America were flooded with the devastating water crisis in Flint, Michigan and though this is the most recent occurrence, it is not an isolated incident. Though Flint was the most widely recognized incident, in the same year two other distressing cases of unsafe tap water also occurred in two other United States cities. While several of these cases of water contamination in the U.S. have been unintentional, other

Each year, 4 billion episodes of waterborne illnesses result in 2 million deaths mostly among children. Cause of death stem from dehydration

Infections which are born in natural disasters are hard to control due to individuals being concern more on their safety from an actual disaster than boil water before consumption.

Although my family is fortunate to always have running water in their homes, a large population of Kenya’s women and children devote their days to fetching clean water from scarce fresh water sources to bring back to their homes. Along with water shortage, water pathogens are an ongoing issue in Kenya, as the people have been left unprotected against recurrent epidemics such as parasitic worms and cholera through the country’s running water.

Internationally, there are consistently mass spreadings of diseases especially in indigent countries. Just in the previous year there has been an outbreak of ebola and without these diseases being controlled, they will continue to spread and terminate mass hoards of people. In the past, quarantines were issued, sanitation was enforced, and health regulations were established. In the face of the black plague during the 14th century, the quarantine was ineffective due to the lack of control and coordination of the disease. Yet, when there was an outbreak of the disease in Indiana in 1994, it was able to be controlled within 2 months. In regards to sanitation, the need for safe water and hygiene is still a major problem. Many diseases are the source of dirty drinking water and poor sanitation. Organizations, such as the International Health Regulations and World Health Organization, were set up to take measures towards controlling these

Water is essential for life. Humans are made up of 50 to 75 per cent of water and can only last a few days without it. We use it for agriculture, power plants, and domestic irrigation. In the United States, about 410 billion gallons of water is withdrawn daily, about 85% being freshwater. The most easily accessible source of water is surface water which is from lakes, rivers, and streams. However, only about 3% of Earth’s water is freshwater and the cost of water around the world varies greatly. In the U.S., the biggest problem is in contamination. The EPA defines water contamination as anything physical, chemical, biological, or radioactive that is harmful to human health or degrades taste or color of water. About 5,300 water systems were

2014). If public water in the United States was infected, it could cause a massive outbreak.

In the documentary Flow: For the Love of Water, it considers the water crisis occurring in the world. The film states that more than two million people die due to water borne diseases each year. These water-borne diseases mainly come from chemical run-off and pesticides. However, the source of clean water is complicated due to political and economic factors.

Point-of-Use (POU) devices may provide the consumer with an additional protection and lower the risk of adverse health effects. POU technologies have been shown to reduce pathogen levels in drinking water and offer significant reductions in diarrheal disease rates (Sobsey et al., 2008; Souter et al., 2003). During the Milwaukee Cryptosporidium outbreak of 1993, persons who had a point-of-use filtration device in place reported significantly lower incidences of

Organizations have committed themselves to conducting small scale attacks on innocent civilians by the use of small arms fire, bombings, and vehicles that have rammed through crowded streets. The next logical step for these organizations is to change their tactics to a new element to show that the steps that the democratic community is taking to protect its people are not sufficient. The identification of the food and water supply has long been identified as a target to these groups and a biological attack would limit the equipment necessary to carry out an attack. As a society the United States already introduces contaminants including bacteria and nitrates, heavy metals, fertilizers and pesticides, lead and copper, household wastes, industrial products and wastes, water treatment chemicals, and concentrated animal feeding operations into the water supply. The purity of drinking water can help prevent diseases and other health problems from occurring. The introduction of a water borne disease such as legionnaires into the drinking water could potentially has drastic effects over a large group of

Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan intestinal parasite causing a short-term enteric illness in individuals with functioning immune systems, and can cause a potentially fatal infection in immunosuppressed individuals. Because of C. parvum’s resistance to many of the procedures used to process drinking water and food, and the parasite’s extremely high fecundity, the potential for a large scale outbreak is very high. In fact, C. parvum was responsible for an outbreak in Milwaukee in 1993 when an estimated 403,000 people became ill. This was the largest waterborne outbreak of disease in United States history. This paper will cover some aspects of C. parvum’s life cycle, human sickness

coli outbreak at a county state fair that was a result of poor water treatment. The quality of treatment had been far overlooked because private companies monopolized New York’s water systems. They sought profit over quality and their ineptitude led to deadly containments leeching into New York’s water. Not only did many fall ill, but also a three-year-old girl and an elderly man succumbed to the deadly waterborne illness (Olsen et al. v). Afterwards, the state of New York regained control over its public water system, but impurities continued to damper the water of the city.