Causes Of Birth Defects

Smoking during the first trimester of pregnancy could lead to the placenta not developing fully. As the placenta carries oxygen and blood to the foetus this may impair growth and link to low birth weights. Babies born to smoking mothers are 30% more likely to have a premature baby which could lead to respiratory distress, problems feeding and they could have difficulty regulating their body temperature. Babies undergo withdrawal like systems and tend to be more jittery and harder to settle. Babies being brought up in a smoking household are at increased risk of cot death and may go on to develop asthma during childhood.

One out of five babies who's mothers smoke while pregnant are born with low birth weight. Cigarettes contain more then 4,000 chemicals but even though none of these chemicals are good for a baby nicotine and carbon monoxide are what effects the baby most. Nicotine and carbon monoxide get into the babies bloodstream, the only source of oxygen and nutrients. When nicotine and carbon monoxide work together and

Therefore, planned pregnancy is a huge key factor in preventing birth defects, because often times birth defects develop even before women might know they are pregnant. Because women don’t know they are pregnant, they may consume alcohol, causing harm to their babies. Smoking causes harm to infants before, during, and after pregnancies. Even in the womb nicotine, carbon monoxide, and many other poisons women inhale from cigarettes are carried through their bloodstream. Smoking while pregnant causes many developmental issues including birth defects, lung problems, stunted growth, increase in babies heart rates, low birth weight, or result in stillbirths. However, there are many other agents known to cause these developmental defects. For example, drugs and other medications such as; thalidomide, isotretinoin, valproic acid, methotrexate, and mycophenolate mofetil are also known to cause the same birth defects (Simeone, et al., 2015). Putting healthy supplements, unlike these types of drugs into individuals systems when pregnant can help prevent infant

Constantly smoking means the baby is smoking to, therefore smoking can begin to effect the baby’s only sources of oxygen and nutrients. Smoking contains over 4,000 chemicals including: lead, cyanide, arsenic and carbon monoxide. These chemicals can spread to the blood stream, which is the baby’s only source of oxygen and nutrients. Smoking may also result with problems taking place in the placenta. This is connected to the baby and is their source of food, oxygen and eliminates buildup of wastes. The baby can separate from the womb, which can result in bleeding, for this effect can be dangerous to the mother and child.

Also, smoking while pregnant has also lead to being the largest cause of low birth weight in babies. Smoking while pregnant affects the fetal lung development, causing offspring to fail to reach maximum lung function in childhood with subsequent lifelong decreases in pulmonary function. ( (Hayatbakhsh MR, n.d.) At birth, infants born to smokers show decreased pulmonary functions tests. Basically, anything that has to do with their breathing is substantically decreased. This increases the chances of a baby being hospitalized for respitory infections, increased wheezing, and in childhood asthma. The following quote is a research study that has shown that smoking any type of nicotine contained cigarette will result in the following, ” Moshammer and colleagues studied more than 20,000 children aged 6 to 12 years old across Europe and North America and found in utero smoke was associated with decreases in lung function parameters, with a 4% lower MMEF corresponding to a 40% increase in risk of poor lung function (defined as MMEF < 75% of expected).” (35) That number is absolutely astonishing, 40 percent of children have an increased chance of poor lung function because mother’s do not understand or care to stop the negative outcomes of smoking nicotine e-cigs or cigarette’s. Preterm delivery ( before 37 weeks) becomes increased for pregnant smokers, which interrupts normal lung development formation in itself. Most of the studies have been primarily focused on animals and then compared to

Smoking well pregnant can expose your child to harmful chemicals. Some of the chemicals in smoke won’t allow oxygen to the blood stream, such as carbon monoxide. Nicotine causes less oxygen and nutrients reach the fetus.

The relationship between maternal smoking and fetal development shows that smoking raises the risk of early miscarriage and stillbirth. In the early stages of fetal development, cigarette smoke may cause genetic damage to the unborn baby. Smoking can change the lining of the uterus making it harder for the implantation of the fertilized egg. The dangerous chemicals found in cigarettes can cause a mother’s placenta to separate from the womb at a premature time. Smoking later in pregnancy appears to decrease the placenta’s ability to deliver nutrients to a developing baby. Some evidence even indicates that heavy smoking by

Cigarette smoking increases a wide range of issues, with prematurity (20-30%) and low birth weight (which doubles) being the most probable. The first trimester is considered a critical time for growth as the fetus is beginning to develop organs. If a woman smokes only in her trimester and then quits, she has put her fetus at risk of developing a birth defect. Also, the second and third trimesters are important as well due to the fact that neurological defects result if a woman is smoking

Tobacco use also correlates with the amount of milk a mother is able to produce. According to Lisa Amir and Susan Donath “nicotine levels in breastmilk of women who smoke are almost three times higher than the level in the mother’s blood”. That quotes shows how tobacco use will affect the mother as well as the child when its born. A mother’s milk is a major component for the child to continue to receive nutrients after they are birthed. Therefore for a mother to use tobacco use while pregnant will cause issue. Likewise, tobacco use affects the placenta for example, “ Smoking can cause problems with the placenta—the source of the baby 's food and oxygen during pregnancy. For example, the placenta can separate from the womb too early, causing bleeding, which is dangerous to the mother and baby” (Tobacco use and pregnancy. Web). That quotes proves

Different studies and different recourses show that about 1 in 33 babies that are born in the U.S have a birth defect. I decided to use this known fact from the Human Biology thirteenth edition textbook by Sylvia S. Mader and Michael Windelpecht due to the fact that not many people know or even care to think about it— that is— unless it happened to them or someone in their own circle. In order to understand how to prevent and test for a birth defect you need to understand some common definitions and words that can be used while reading about the topic. For starters, as stated in the merriam-webster dictionary, the medical definition of defect is “a lack or deficiency of something necessary for adequacy in form or function.” Another word that is used a lot when talking about this subject matter is test and testing. Based on the medical definition a test is “a diagnostic procedure for determining the presence or nature of a condition or disease or for revealing a change in function.” From this definition you can see how the word test is also used in medical vocabulary to see what is wrong with a patient so the doctors can determine what to do next. The last term that I want to explain briefly before continuing is one that people might get confused with, it is the word prevent. Although it might seem like an easy word people still confuse it with the act of curing someone. The dictionary without a doubt states that the word prevent means “to keep from happening or existing”

The number one risk to unborn babies is smoking.  Smoking during pregnancy reduces the amount of oxygen that the baby receives and increases the risk of miscarriage, bleeding, and morning sickness. Chemicals inhaled while smoking may lead to other health problems with the baby. Reduced birth weight, premature birth, increased risk of SIDS, and stillbirth are other possible consequences. Pregnant women should also avoid second hand smoke, as it carries much of the side effects as actual

About 3 million fetuses and infants are born each year with major congenital anomaly worldwide. (WHO, 2012)

beside that, the cigarette smoke can caused increased risk of miscarriage and infant death. the miscarriage and infant death is happen because in the cigarette 4000 chemical substance like the carbon monoxide, butane, nicotine, ammonia and others. the contains of nicotine is poison and used as a pest repellent agent. after that, the carbon monoxide also can causing the infant death because carbon monoxide that will kill by reducing the ability of blood to carry oxygen. so, the infant will get the low oxygen from the umbilical cord. if the infant get low oxygen in one or two weeks, the infant can be uterine in

About 2-5% of all pregnancies that occur result in the fetus being born with a serious birth defect. A cause of birth defects can be linked to faulty genes and or chromosomes (Feldman 402). The following diseases are more common when resulting from genetic and or chromosomal adversity.

One of the most common effects of smoking while pregnant is premature labor. A premature birth is any birth before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Premature labor is one of the leading causes of neonatal deaths. Around 15% of babies born premature die within the first month. In the article Associations between Passive Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Preterm Birth: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies the authors point out that smoking tobacco while pregnant is a contributing factor for premature birth (4-5). Some doctors will tell the patients not to quit smoking only to cut back as much as they can because quitting to suddenly could cause too much stress on your body. This is a valid point, but there are