Causes Of Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s Disease was named after an American gastroenterologist, Dr. Burrill Bernard Crohn, in 1932. He and his colleagues discovered an abnormal pathogen, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis while studying a related disease, ulcerative colitis, which belongs to a larger group if illnesses called Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The discovery was made while studying the effects of ulcerative colitis in cattle and noticing the similar characteristics in humans. The infections had an abnormal response with the body’s immune system in both the cattle and humans.

3. Describe the factors that are believed to contribute to the etiology of Crohn’s disease.

Crohn’s disease is a life-long condition effecting victims of any age. It is considered a form of an inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation in the digestive system. The cause of the disease is unknown. The inflammation is due to the immune system attacking the healthy cells throughout the body’s gastrointestinal tract.

A group of low-molecular-weight peptides that are active at low concentrations better known as Cytokines, bind to certain receptors and produce autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine. Chemokines peptides attract inflammatory cells. Therefore, Cytokine and chemokine produce and attract T-cell infiltration. TH-1 cells in Crohn's disease patients increase the inflammatory response (Lashner,2013). Prognosis of Crohn's varies among patients. Patients may have long periods of remission and possibly become free of symptoms for years. Although, there are treatments for Crohn's disease it is not possible to know if treatment has helped or when symptoms will return. Regardless of Crohn's disease reoccurring various times through one's lifetime, patients are able to hold jobs, raise families and function in society the same way a healthy individual would (Prognosis of Crohn's

Cells move from the blood into the intestines and produce inflammation which is a normal immune system response. The inflammation does not subside, leading to chronic inflammation, ulceration, thickening of the intestinal wall, and eventually causing patient symptoms.

“I will keep fighting,” is what I remind myself as soon as the sun peaks up. Many people are not aware of Crohn’s, nor did I when I was diagnosed at age 8. I have learned Crohn’s is not just a simple disease; it changes lives. My experiences with Crohn’s built me into a stronger person, both physically and mentally. Crohn’s caused me to grow up rapidly, faster than my fellow classmates. Entering high school with Crohn’s had been a remarkably frightening experience, yet at the end of each day, I decided I was not going to allow my disease to define who I am. So when you walk through those high school doors, remember: be who you are, not what Crohn’s makes you. Participate in activities you loved to do before you got Crohns- just modify them.

According to the text, "Wellness has been defined as purposeful, enjoyable living or, more specifically, a deliberate lifestyle choice characterized by personal responsibility and optimal enhancement of physical, mental and spiritual health.

This review will explain Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis, two types of inflammatory bowel disease that affect millions of people. These diseases are chronic that affects certain parts of the intestine gastrointestinal tract. People who has this disease are troubled with a variety of side effects that they will have to live with for the rest of their lives. To this day, there are no medical cure for these diseases, however there are several treatment options that are helpful. These diseases are still being studied for researchers to fully understand the causes, possible preventions, and cure for IBDs. Countless researches and studies are still under development, there have been many discoveries thus far, but nothing concrete.

In the United States alone, more than 1.4 million citizens have Crohn’s disease, but many do not know what it is (Sklar, 2002), p. 11). Crohn’s disease is an “inflammatory bowel disease … [that] may affect any part of the whole digestion tract” (History Cooperative, 2014). What exactly causes Crohn’s disease? Crohn’s disease has no known causes, but there have been studies showing that the environmental, the immune, and genetics play a factor in it.

Crohn's disease, also known as Morbus Crohn's, Granulomatous enteritis, Regional enteritis, or Terminal ileitis, is a chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that was first reported in 1932 by Dr. Burrill Bernard Crohn. Crohn's disease can attack any part of the gastrointestinal tract - the region of the body responsible for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating wastes - despite most commonly affecting the lower portion of the small intestine and colon. According to the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of America, abut 1.4 million Americans have an IBD, with 700,000 having Crohn’s disease (Pietrangelo, 2015). Between the years of 1992 and 2004, there was a 74 percent increase in physician office visits due to Crohn’s disease,

Crohn’s was first described by a man named Dr. Burrill B. Crohn in the year 1932 (Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation of America, 2016). This disease is described as an abnormal inflammation of the intestine walls, typically happening in the ileum, which is the lower part of the intestine or the small bowel, as you can see in Figure 1. Although, Crohn’s can affect any part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (Genetics Home Reference, 2016). Crohn’s is relatively an uncommon disease, there are about 33,000 new cases a yea but it doesn’t discriminate when it comes to age or culture. There is not a certain age or gender one has to be to develop Crohn’s, but it is generally found in male and females from North America or Western Europe, ages 15-35 years

Crohn's Disease affects an individuals immune system because your body is attacking itself by creating antibodies that work against itself. When you have Crohn's disease your immune system overreacts to food and bacteria in the intestine that a person without Crohn's diseases body would not react to. White blood cells in the intestine cause chronic inflammation. Crohn's disease can affect any part of the GI tract but most likely found at the end of the small intestine, the ileum. The inflammation can occur through the entire thickness of bowel wall. Events that occur with the inflammation are persistent diarrhea, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, constipation, weight loss, sweating, and loss of appetite.

This prevents the release of the inflammatory factors which cause Crohn’s disease; however it also prevents the intended effects of the cell, such as inducing cell apoptosis, and inhibiting viral replication. Due to these side effects, anti-TNF-α treatment can result in an increased risk of cancer, infection and fungal infections. Furthermore, although effective in most patients, 30% of people who receive this treatment do not respond and continue to show symptoms from Crohn’s [6]. This suggests that TNF-α is not the only cause of the disease, adding to the complexity of the

Crohn's disease is a disease that presents similarly to food poisoning in that it causes imflammation of the digestive tract in an individual. During the development of this disease the body becomes hypersensitive to the bacteria found in one's gut, and thus these beacteria are the cause of the inflammation caused by the immune system attacking the bacteria in a person's stomach. Therefore, it is an autoimmune disease. The only known way to combat crohn's currents is corticosteroids, which supress the immune system.

This essay will focus on Crohn’s disease and pathological changes that may occur in the small intestine as a result of the inflammatory process and discuss the scientific reasons for the possible treatments relating these to pathological processes.