Causes Of Post-Polio Syndrome

Poliomyelitis (polio) is a disease that attacks the nervous tissue in the spinal cord and the brain stem resulting in paralysis (Document One). Polio is caused by the poliovirus, but it is unknown how this virus is acquired. The virus enters the digestive tract and stays in the intestines for up to eight weeks, and then attacks the lymphatic system, the blood stream and eventually travels to the brain and spine (Document Four). Once it is infected in one’s body, the disease is highly contagious and can be spread through contact of saliva, food, germs, or feces (Document Two). “The poliovirus causes most of its infections in the summer and fall. At one time, summer epidemics of polio were common and greatly feared” (Document Four). This may

Polio is a viral infectious disease that affects many systems of the body and can result with the patient being paralyzed. Majority of the cases had no symptoms and it ran rampant in the U.S during 1952. It mostly affected children, and was a public epidemic, with nearly 58,000 cases being confirmed in a year. Most scientific research about the disease led to dead ends and the clinical trials of earlier polio vaccine left children dead and some of them

Polio is a very contagious disease that is caused by a virus, Poliovirus, which affects the nervous system (Johnson). According to the article Poliomyelitis, Polio transmits through fecal matter and once viral reproduction is established, poliovirus multiplies in specialized cells that are in the intestines. They enter the blood stream to take over the central nervous system, where it spreads along nerve fibers. When they finally multiply in the nervous system, they can destroy nerve cells which activate skeletal muscles. Nerve cells can’t revive, and the affected muscles lose their job due to a lack of nervous enervation. Muscles of the legs are affected more than the arms and extensive paralysis, involving the trunk and muscles of the thorax and abdomen, can result in quadriplegia. Severe cases usually makes it harder for the body to breath, which in turn causes difficulty in swallowing and talking (Poliomyelitis). Once a person receives Polio, there is no visible way of treating it as doctors can only treat the symptoms as the disease slowly kills the body (Johnson). However, it can be prevented before a person receives it by getting the polio vaccine. Because of the vaccine, outbreaks have been reduced significantly in the U.S.

Scientists have been trying to determine what caused the polio-like paralysis that first started with cold like symptoms. In an updated article in the San Francisco Chronicle, 2/27/2014, scientists believe there is a link with the virus Enterovirus D68 but the evidence is circumstantial. More research needs to be done to determine if the new strains of the old virus is causing polio-like paralysis in children (Allday, 2017). The CDC has reported this outbreak has occurred in more than 40 states and at least 200 cases reported. Research is finding the D68 enterovirus is related to the virus that causes unexplained paralysis in arms and legs. Researchers believe that once the enteroviruses move outside the gut or airways it can then go after the nerve cells in the spine that control

Post-Polio Syndrome (PPS) affects polio survivors several years after infection. Current prevalence and cause is unknown but researchers estimate that 25-40% of survivors experience PPS. Theories for causes include fatigue of overworked nerve cells and brain damage caused by polio. Common symptoms are progressive muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, and fatigue (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke). Diagnosis relies on clinical information as there are no lab tests for PPS and symptoms vary. There are no effective pharmaceutical treatments that can stop deterioration or reverse deterioration caused by PPS. Non-fatiguing exercises may improve muscle strength and reduce tiredness (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and

It invades the human nervous system and can cause complete paralysis in a matter of hours. Humans are only reservoir. The virus is mostly transmitted by person-to-person spread mainly through the fecal-oral route , less frequently, by a common vehicle for example, contaminated water or food.It multiplies in the intestine. Initial symptoms are commonly fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness of the neck and pain in the limbs. 1 in 200polio infections leads to irreversible paralysis. Among those paralyzed polio cases, 5% to 10% die of polio when their breathing muscles become paralyzed. Polio mainly affects children under 5 years of age. There is no cure for polio paralysis, it can only be prevented with multiple doses of two drops of polio

This disease has killed and paralyzed many. One of polio’s fatal symptoms is paralyzing muscles that help you breathe (“Polio Vaccine”).

Infection with poliovirus causes the inhibition of host cap-dependent translation, DNA- dependent RNA synthesis, cellular protein secretion of cytokines and antigen presentation, nuclear export, and the suppression of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (Racaniello, 2005).

1-2% of people with polio develop “severe muscle pain and stiffness in the neck and back” (NYSDOH, 2014).

Poliomyelitis is often called polio, this polio is an acute infectious disease caused by a virus which can spread from person to person via the fecal- oral route. The term poliomyelitis means inflammation of the spinal cord of the grey matter. In severe poliomyelitis infection it can expand to the brainstem. Polio is so contagious that anyone living with a person that is recently affected can spread the virus for weeks in their feces. It invades the nervous system and spread within hours.

Poliomyelitis popularly known as polio was first described by Michael Underwood in 1789. It is a highly infectious viral disease which mostly affects children. The virus is transmitted from person to person via fecal-oral route and less frequent by common vehicle route like contaminated water or food. Polio is a member of the enteroviruses which are transient inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts and stable at acid pH. The incubation period for poliomyelitis is 6 to 20 days with a range of 3 to 35 days. The preclinical phase of poliomyelitis varies from asymptomatic to presentation of mild systemic symptoms ranging from pharyngitis or gastroenteritis thus it can mistake at the initial stage as a minor infection. About 95%

Exercises are beneficial to the general well-being of patients who have post-polio. The exercises implemented should not involve the overuse of muscles and should result in the patient feeling some some of improvement. Although not every single patient will feel the benefits of the exercises as seen with one of the participants in Einarsson and Grimby's study (Agre, n.d.) it a solution to the symptoms such as muscle weakness. Until a pharmaceutical cure can be found exercises can definitely help a patient manage their symptoms. As a reader, further knowledge and information about this condition is available, and can be readily accessed due to technology. The immediate cure and different treatments for the management and prevention of this

By 1910, a small epidemic of polio became regular especially in cities during the summer months. The disease was later called infantile paralysis, based on its tendency to affect children. Polio is caused by one of three types of poliovirus. These viruses spread through contact between people, by nasal and oral secretions, and by contact with contaminated feces. Poliovirus enters the body through the mouth, multiplying along the way to the digestive tract, where it further multiplies. About 95% of all cases display no symptoms. When symptoms appear they are flu-like symptoms that last for a few days or weeks, such as fever, sore throat, headache, vomiting, back and neck pain, arm and leg stiffness, muscle tenderness, and muscle spasms. Polio is often recognized because of symptoms

Polio was in deed around for centuries and more-so prior to the epidemic however, back in the 1800’s polio was a uncommon thing, or because there were very cases that have very few symptoms that later went away. Some suggest that since many people lived in rural area , small town and cities and under what some would say unsanitary conditions it was because of that, it led to their polio exposure early on and reduced the likelihood of developing it and passing it to child, and if the child did develop symptoms their own body possessed the immunity needed to fight the disease. It was also believed that polio was a disease of filth and for the impoverished however, it was quickly changed to the disease of “cleanliness”. This only impacted the spread of this

Polio (poliomyelitis) is a viral disease also referred to as infantile paralysis. It is an infectious, potentially fatal disease for which there is no known existing cure. This paper discusses the causes, transmission, symptoms and prevention of polio. Further, it addresses the challenges involved in eradicating Polio and suggests efforts to wipe out this disease.