Causes Of Rural Urban Divide Of China

The Hukou system dictates which people can move around to different provinces and which people can do certain things. The government has used the system for many years to label and segregate people. The Hukou system has also enabled the government to decide who gets to move up and who doesn’t. In the system, the people that tend to have the most freedom are the urban-born people. Urban people are typically allowed to travel outside of the cities, however, the people that grow up in the rural provinces are usually left behind. Author, Bingqin Li, wrote an article for East Asia Forum (article from society group) and says, “this situation made it hard for rural-to-urban migrants to gain equal access to urban welfare systems” (Li 1). The Hukou system is a prime example of how the government still has almost complete power over their civilians. Having a program in place that dictates where people can live and work is barbaric and clearly shows that the people do not hold the

It is this that has sparked China’s vulnerability to external shocks. In 2011, China’s exports amassed almost $2 trillion, however in Feb 2012, China recorded a $31.5 billion trade deficit as a result of the European sovereign debt crisis in which China’s main trading partners plunged into recession. China’s severe BOGS decrease is an attempt to control growth and a sustained level of 7.5%. Investment policies are also critical for China to achieve economic growth and development. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in China is being sought primarily in the redesign of State Owned Enterprises (SOE’s) and in the development of interior provinces. Between 75-80% of World Bank loans to China in 2008 were directed to the central and western regions, the most economically disadvantaged. This promotes increased wealth within China, leading to higher levels of development due to a more positive Human Development Index (HDI), which currently sits at 0.687, up from 0.677 in 2010. Thus, trade and investment are critical factors in ensuring that China’s growth remains sustained at 7.5% whilst still encouraging increases in development.

Nowadays, China has become the second largest economy in the world. The GDP (gross domestic product) of china was growing at 9.7% per year in average since 1978, which the year of Chinese “open door” politic founded. China also has become the biggest producer and consumer in many key agricultural and industrial markets and the largest FDI recipient among the developing countries. The performance of china in developing of economy is called “china’s economic miracle”, which be studied by many economists. However, there are also bad results with the development of economy in china such as environment disruption, corruption and

The first reason why I would like to live in Urban China is because of the high income and the population. The income that people can make is $4,000. The article “Rural Life in China” explained, “Average disposable annual income for Chinese

The successes are named as South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. Malaysia and Thailand are considered to be moderately performing, but lagging behind. Finally, he classifies the Philippines and Indonesia as failures. The final section of the book is solely dedicated to China as it presents a unique case. China has developmental characteristics that are similar to both the successful countries of Northeast Asia as well as the poorer Southeastern Asian countries. China has made great progresses and overcome great disasters. It has worked closely alongside the World Bank and even receives technical support from it when needed. But not without paranoia, which has actually caused China to prosper. Unlike the northeastern countries, Chinese peasants do not own their own land as it is collectively owned and is not allowed to be sold under law. In modern times, China’s developmental plan is based off of recognizing the past failures associated with state-led growth, while allowing state companies to play an important role in its economy. Also, foreign owned companies play a large role because other countries outsource their labor needs to China because it is much cheaper. Overall, Studwell states that China’s government has set the stage for the enablement of rapid economic development. The author

Although in the beginning the S.E.Z. was showing great results, by 1998, China’s enterprise zones decreased rapidly by almost 50 percent. The People’s Republic of China lost billions of dollars’ worth of foreign investment, which lead to massive spending on infrastructure projects (Knes).

My grandparents lived through the last decade of China’s so-called “century of humiliation” (between 1839 and 1939), they experienced some of China’s darkest times such as the Japanese invasion and China’s great leap forward which almost destroyed the country, but China always fought back against fearful odds and after the economic reform in 1979, everything finally seems to back on the normal tracks with China’s GDP (sort of a measure of the economy) is only second to US in 2015. With a steady supply of cheap and massive working class who could manufacture goods at a relatively low cost, China was able to revive its economy using the manufacturing power and that in turn has lifted over 800 million people out of poverty.

Over the past quarter-of- a century, China has experienced big changes as the economy has transformed from just limited private sector into manufacturing base of the world, these rapid development and transformation become the gateway to vast opportunities for all industries of the world (Dyer & Singh, 1998); China regional cities offer diverse of business opportunities to companies around the world for businesses to expand into China.

According to World Bank (2010), China’s gross domestic production (GDP) reached as much as $5,930,529,470,799 in 2010, when for the first time China ranked the second in the world following the United States and surpassed Japan, and has been maintain the ranking in the following years with larger gap outperforming Japan. Moreover, the annual growth rate of China’s GDP has averaged over 9 percent in the last 3 decades (World Bank, 2010), with no other country having achieved such rapid developmental success as China in the world (Turin, 2010). As the country with the largest population in the world, China has lifted 300 million of its citizen out of poverty (Ramo, 2004), attributed to 67% of the total reduction of global poverty during the last 25 years” (People’s Daily, 2008; Turin, 2010), and people living at less than $1 a day has sharply declined to 13.4% in 2003 and further to 8% in 2009 from 60% in 1980 (Sahoo, Dash & Nataraj, 2010). China’s dramatic rapid economic growth has been a miracle of in the world. Reflecting the notion that as one of the most significant emerging economies, the world centre may be shifted to China, thus a couple of research studies have turned their attention from western advanced economies’ to China, trying to find out a model that can perfectly explain such growth, Some scholars contribute China’s success to the incentives of Asian Flying Geese Model. Hemphill & White (2013) claim

As we all know, with the enhancement of the world, the amount of cities in the world are augmenting rapidly. For instance, when the People 's Republic of China was established, most areas of China were rural areas. However, when China has sufficient funds to program, we are definitely witnessing the urbanization of China. China not only has plenty of advanced facilities in downtown, but it also is feasting conveniences simultaneously that the urbanization is generating. This paper will explore some aspects about the urbanization of China, and how economical force influence the urbanization. In addition, the paper will analyze the relation between health of people and the urbanization. What is more, the paper will also discuss the how the urbanization impact the population distribution in urban and rural areas. Finally, the paper will analyze if the policy aided the urbanization of China.

Currently, most of the world’s population is living in urban areas which have implications for land use and land changes, use of natural resources, and the absorption of rural labour in urban areas. The rural and urban interdependence means the flow of natural resources, agricultural commodity, money, information and services between rural and urban areas. Moreover, the rural population is adopting the urban style and behaviour or is becoming socially urbanized. According to Steinberg (2014) economic development and natural resource use and as well as livelihoods bind urban and rural areas together. These indicate that urban and rural areas have a symbiotic relationship, which makes them to depend on each other. Thus, one area needs the other to function and develop. This essay will outline and discuss the ways and reasons why urban and rural areas are interdependent on each other.

China has achieved brisk economic growth since late 1970’s, with an average annual growth rate of 9.8% over the past 27 years. Such economic growth owes not only to economic reform began at the end of 1978, when the third session of the Central Committee of the 11th National Congress of Chinese Communist Party was held and later regarded as a landmark in the existing Chinese history, but also to administrative reform accompanying with economic reform.

Urbanization dates back during the industrial revolution. Manual jobs done by the rural dwellers were supplanted by technological equipment. Rural dwellers started losing their jobs to machines. Urban areas are concentrated with economic opportunities and advanced infrastructures that can provide the better life. Rural dwellers had to relocate from the rural area to the urban area in search of work, house and to alter their social position.

Although people want to migrate to the more developed cities, the Hukou system limits the opportunities for them to develop in cities. However, there are still millions of rural people moving to the big cities to seek for opportunities each

Felipe et al (2013) estimated that it was unlikely for China to continue registering high growth rate any longer since its past thirty years’ development has created wonders but also inefficiencies and imbalances. We have witnessed China’s inevitable deceleration in recent years with annual GDP growth rate declining for five years in a row, which fell to 7.35% in 2014. According to several growth projections, China’s average annual growth rate